Cited by 148Schizophrenia research and treatmentPhysical Activity and HealthDementia and Cognitive Impairment Research

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Exercise therapy, cardiorespiratory fitness and their effect on brain volumes: a randomised controlled trial in patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls.

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Scheewe, Thomas W., van Haren, Neeltje E.M., Sarkisyan, Gayane, Schnack, Hugo G., Brouwer, Rachel M., de Glint, Maria, Hulshoff Pol, Hilleke E., Backx, Frank J.G., Kahn, René S., Cahn, Wiepke·2013·European Neuropsychopharmacology

DOI 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2012.08.008

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Abstract

The objective of this study was to examine exercise effects on global brain volume, hippocampal volume, and cortical thickness in schizophrenia patients and healthy controls. Irrespective of diagnosis and intervention, associations between brain changes and cardiorespiratory fitness improvement were examined. Sixty-three schizophrenia patients and fifty-five healthy controls participated in this randomised controlled trial. Global brain volumes, hippocampal volume, and cortical thickness were estimated from 3-Tesla MRI scans. Cardiorespiratory fitness was assessed with a cardiopulmonary ergometer test. Subjects were assigned exercise therapy or occupational therapy (patients) and exercise therapy or life-as-usual (healthy controls) for six months 2h weekly. Exercise therapy effects were analysed for subjects who were compliant at least 50% of sessions offered. Significantly smaller baseline cerebral (grey) matter, and larger third ventricle volumes, and thinner cortex in most areas of the brain were found in patients versus controls. Exercise therapy did not affect global brain and hippocampal volume or cortical thickness in patients and controls. Cardiorespiratory fitness improvement was related to increased cerebral matter volume and lateral and third ventricle volume decrease in patients and to thickening in the left hemisphere in large areas of the frontal, temporal and cingulate cortex irrespective of diagnosis. One to 2h of exercise therapy did not elicit significant brain volume changes in patients or controls. However, cardiorespiratory fitness improvement attenuated brain volume changes in schizophrenia patients and increased thickness in large areas of the left cortex in both schizophrenia patients and healthy controls.

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Authors: Scheewe, T. W., van Haren, N. E. M., Sarkisyan, G., Schnack, H. G., Brouwer, R. M., de Glint, M., Hulshoff Pol, H. E., Backx, F. J. G., Kahn, R. S., & Cahn, W.
Affiliations: University Medical Center Utrecht (NL)
Corresponding author: Scheewe, Thomas W.
ORCID: Schnack, Hugo G.
Brouwer, Rachel M.
Backx, Frank J.G.
Kahn, René S.
Cahn, Wiepke
Venue: European Neuropsychopharmacology
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2013-07
Volume: 23
Issue: 7
Pages: 675-685
ISSN: 0924-977X (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2012.08.008
OpenAlex: W2030455633
Cited by: 148
References: 65
Citations by year: 2026: 4 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 8
FWCI: 7.30
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/ (vor, 338 d)
Locations: European Neuropsychopharmacology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: GGZ Friesland
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Physical Activity and Health
Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
Keywords: exercise therapy, cardiorespiratory fitness, schizophrenia, brain volume, hippocampal volume, cortical thickness, third ventricle, occupational therapy, brain structural changes
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Adult, Brain, Cerebral Cortex, Exercise Test, Exercise Therapy, Female, Hippocampus, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Occupational Therapy, Physical Fitness, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Schizophrenia, Antipsychotic Agents, Case-Control Studies, Neuroimaging

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Exercise therapy, cardiorespiratory fitness and their effect on brain volumes: a randomised controlled trial in patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls.

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