Prefrontal and hippocampal brain volume deficits: role of low physical activity on brain plasticity in first-episode schizophrenia patients.
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UNLABELLED: Our objective in the present study was to conduct the first empirical study of the effects of regular physical activity habits and their relationship with brain volume and cortical thickness in patients in the early phase of schizophrenia. Relationships between larger brain volumes and higher physical activity levels have been reported in samples of healthy and aging populations, but have never been explored in first-episode schizophrenia patients. METHOD: We collected MRI structural scans in 14 first-episode schizophrenia patients with either self-reported low or high physical activity levels. We found a reduction in total gray matter volume, prefrontal cortex (PFC), and hippocampal gray matter volumes in the low physical activity group compared to the high activity group. Cortical thickness in the dorsolateral and orbitofrontal PFC were also significantly reduced in the low physical activity group compared to the high activity group. In the combined sample, greater overall physical activity levels showed a non-significant tendency with better performance on tests of verbal memory and social cognition. Together these pilot study findings suggest that greater amounts of physical activity may have a positive influence on brain health and cognition in first-episode schizophrenia patients and support the implementation of physical exercise interventions in this patient population to improve brain plasticity and cognitive functioning.
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In patients with schizophrenia, a 12-week AE intervention has led to increased hippocampal volume, hippocampal NAA concentration, and improved performances on short-term memory and working memory tasks.
“For example, in patients with schizophrenia a 12-week AE intervention has led to increased hippocampal volume, hippocampal NAA concentration and improved performances on short-term memory and working memory tasks (Pajonk et al., 2010; Lin et al., 2015; McEwen et al., 2015).”
From Aerobic Exercise as a Tool to Improve Hippocampal Plasticity and Function in Humans: Practical Implications for Mental Health Treatment (2016) · cites this paper as McEwen et al., 2015
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“For example, in patients with schizophrenia a 12-week AE intervention has led to increased hippocampal volume, hippocampal NAA concentration and improved performances on short-term memory and working memory tasks (Pajonk et al., 2010; Lin et al., 2015; McEwen et al., 2015).”
- Authors
- McEwen, S. C., Hardy, A., Ellingson, B. M., Jarrahi, B., Sandhu, N., Subotnik, K. L., Ventura, J., & Nuechterlein, K. H.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- Corresponding author
- McEwen, Sarah C.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2015-11
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 868-879
- ISSN
- 1355-6177 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-7661
- PMC
- PMC4654705
- OpenAlex
- W2380662476
- Cited by
- 29
- References
- 76
- Citations by year
- 2024: 1 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 5
- FWCI
- 3.51
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R34MH102529, K01MH099431, P50MH066286)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Keywords
- first-episode schizophrenia, physical activity, brain volume, gray matter volume, prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, cortical thickness, neuroplasticity, verbal memory, social cognition, exercise intervention
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Female, Hippocampus, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Memory, Motor Activity, Neuropsychological Tests, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Schizophrenia, Schizophrenic Psychology, Social Behavior, Verbal Learning, Prefrontal Cortex, Young Adult
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