Positive Effects of a Stress Reduction Program Based on Mindfulness Meditation in Brazilian Nursing Professionals: Qualitative and Quantitative Evaluation
Abstract
Context Mindfulness meditation has been shown to effectively mitigate the negative effects of stress among nursing professionals, but in countries like Brazil, these practices are relatively unexplored. Objective To evaluate the effects of a Stress Reduction Program (SRP) including mindfulness and loving kindness meditation among nursing professionals working in a Brazilian hospital setting. Design Pilot study with a mixed model using quantitative and qualitative methods was used to evaluate a group of participants. The quantitative data were analyzed at three different time points: pre-intervention, post-intervention, and follow-up. The qualitative data were analyzed at post-intervention. Setting Hospital São Paulo (Brazil). Participants Sample 13 nursing professionals, including nurses, technicians, and nursing assistants working in a hospital. Intervention Participants underwent mindfulness and loving kindness meditation during a period of six weeks. Instruments Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS), Self-Compassion Scale (SCS), WHOQOL-BREF quality of life assessment, and Work Stress Scale (WSS). Qualitative data were collected via a group interview following six weeks participation in the SRP. Results The quantitative analyses revealed a significant reduction (P < .05) between pre-intervention and post-intervention scores for perceived stress, burnout, depression, and anxiety (trait). These variables showed no significant differences between post-intervention and follow-up scores. The WHOQOL-BREF revealed significant increase (P < .05) just in the physical and psychological domains at post-intervention scores, which remained at the follow-up. Qualitative results showed improvement in the reactivity to inner experience; a more attentive perception of internal and external experiences; greater attention and awareness of actions and attitudes at every moment; and a positive influence of the SRP in nursing activities.
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Two of the thirty individually focused studies implemented a meditation intervention and one implemented yoga.
“Two48 61 of the thirty individually focused studies implemented a meditation intervention and one39 implemented yoga.”
From Workplace interventions to improve well-being and reduce burnout for nurses, physicians and allied healthcare professionals: a systematic review. (2023) · cites this paper as [61]
dos Santos et al reported significant reductions in perceived stress and trait anxiety using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, which were maintained at the 6-week follow-up.
“dos Santos et al61 additionally reported significant reductions in perceived stress as well as trait anxiety using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) which were all further maintained at the 6-week follow-up.”
From Workplace interventions to improve well-being and reduce burnout for nurses, physicians and allied healthcare professionals: a systematic review. (2023) · cites this paper as [61]
At the time the intervention was designed and tested, only a few studies had investigated mindfulness training using smartphone apps in health care settings.
“However, at the time we designed and tested our intervention, only a few studies had investigated mindfulness training using these common applications (apps) in health care settings (dos Santos et al., 2016; Gauthier et al., 2015).”
From Emergency department nurses' experiences of a mindfulness training intervention: A phenomenological exploration (2023) · cites this paper as dos Santos et al., 2016
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- Authors
- dos Santos, T. M., Kozasa, E. H., Carmagnani, I. S., Tanaka, L. H., Lacerda, S. S., & Nogueira-Martins, L. A.
- Affiliations
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein (BR)
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo (BR)
- Corresponding author
- Kozasa, Elisa Harumi
- Venue
- EXPLORE
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2016-03
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 90-99
- ISSN
- 1550-8307 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2281224710
- Cited by
- 131
- References
- 63
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 6.62
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- EXPLORE (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UNIFESP Institutional Repository (Universidade Federal de São Paulo) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Universidade de São Paulo
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Occupational Therapy › Occupational Health and Burnout
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Stress and Burnout Research
- Keywords
- mindfulness meditation, loving-kindness meditation, stress management interventions, nursing professionals, occupational stress, burnout, depression, anxiety, quality of life, self-compassion, hospital staff, Brazilian nurses
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Anxiety, Attention, Awareness, Brazil, Burnout, Professional, Depression, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Nurses, Personnel, Hospital, Pilot Projects, Stress, Psychological, Program Evaluation, Meditation, Qualitative Research, Mindfulness
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