The DOI matches its Crossref record; 311 of the 311 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The Androgen Excess and PCOS Society criteria for the polycystic ovary syndrome: the complete task force report
Open accessAbstract
Objective To review all available data and recommend a definition for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) based on published peer-reviewed data, whether already in use or not, to guide clinical diagnosis and future research.Design Literature review and expert consensus.Setting Professional society.Patients None.Intervention(s) None.Main outcome measure(s) A systematic review of the published peer-reviewed medical literature, by querying MEDLINE databases, to identify studies evaluating the epidemiology or phenotypic aspects of PCOS.Result(s) The Task Force drafted the initial report, following a consensus process via electronic communication, which was then reviewed and critiqued by the Androgen Excess and PCOS (AE-PCOS) Society AE-PCOS Board of Directors. No section was finalized until all members were satisfied with the contents, and minority opinions noted. Statements were not included that were not supported by peer-reviewed evidence.Conclusion(s) Based on the available data, it is the view of the AE-PCOS Society Task Force that PCOS should be defined by the presence of hyperandrogenism (clinical and/or biochemical), ovarian dysfunction (oligo-anovulation and/or polycystic ovaries), and the exclusion of related disorders. However, a minority considered the possibility that there may be forms of PCOS without overt evidence of hyperandrogenism, but recognized that more data are required before validating this supposition. Finally, the Task Force recognized and fully expects that the definition of this syndrome will evolve over time to incorporate new research findings.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Polycystic ovary syndrome is one of the most common endocrine disorders affecting adolescent females [1–4] and is associated with an increased risk of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), impaired fasting glucose, and type 2 diabetes mellitus.”
From Dysglycemia screening with oral glucose tolerance test in adolescents with polycystic ovary syndrome and relationship with obesity (2022) · cites this paper as [1]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Approximately 20–30% of women who are identified with polycystic ovarian syndrome exhibit increased levels of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and DHEAS [60].”
From Nutritional and herbal interventions for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): a comprehensive review of dietary approaches, macronutrient impact, and herbal medicine in management (2025) · cites this paper as [60]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“There is no single diagnostic test, different sets of diagnostic criteria are still used, individual diagnostic criteria lack clarity, and exclusion of other etiologies is needed to establish the diagnosis of PCOS (4, 23, 24).”
From Delayed Diagnosis and a Lack of Information Associated With Dissatisfaction in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (2016) · cites this paper as [24]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“There is no single diagnostic test, different sets of diagnostic criteria are still used, individual diagnostic criteria lack clarity, and exclusion of other etiologies is needed to establish the diagnosis of PCOS (4, 23, 24).”
From Delayed Diagnosis and a Lack of Information Associated With Dissatisfaction in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (2016) · cites this paper as [24]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“There is no single diagnostic test, different sets of diagnostic criteria are still used, individual diagnostic criteria lack clarity, and exclusion of other etiologies is needed to establish the diagnosis of PCOS (4, 23, 24).”
From Delayed Diagnosis and a Lack of Information Associated With Dissatisfaction in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (2016) · cites this paper as [24]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“There is no single diagnostic test, different sets of diagnostic criteria are still used, individual diagnostic criteria lack clarity, and exclusion of other etiologies is needed to establish the diagnosis of PCOS (4, 23, 24).”
From Delayed Diagnosis and a Lack of Information Associated With Dissatisfaction in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (2016) · cites this paper as [24]
In the citing paper
“With the exception of one published recommendation, none of the current definitions of PCOS in adolescent or adult women include insulin resistance/hyperinsulinemia as a diagnostic criterion [1, 10-12, 18, 19, 112]”
From The Diagnosis of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome during Adolescence (2015) · cites this paper as [10]
In the citing paper
“Hyperinsulinemia is believed to exacerbate the hyperandrogenism and the reproductive and metabolic manifestations of PCOS in adolescents.”
From The Diagnosis of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome during Adolescence (2015) · cites this paper as [10]
In the citing paper
“Insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia are intrinsic to PCOS in adults and adolescents, lean or obese.”
From The Diagnosis of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome during Adolescence (2015) · cites this paper as [10]
In the citing paper
“Currently, there is limited consensus among different medical specialties as to the optimal management of PCOS in Australia. 7,53”
From Assessment and management of polycystic ovary syndrome: Summary of an evidence-based guideline (2011) · cites this paper as [53]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Grundy, S. M., Bilheimer, D. W., Chait, A., Clark, L. T., Denke, M. A., Havel, R. J., Hazzard, W. R., Hulley, S. B., Hunninghake, D. B., Kreisberg, R. A., et al. (1993) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.269.23.3015 · Cited by 27,944
The 1982 revised criteria for the classification of systemic lupus erythematosus
Tan, E. M., Cohen, A. S., Fries, J. F., Masi, A. T., Mcshane, D. J., Rothfield, N. F., Schaller, J. G., Talal, N., & Winchester, R. J. (1982) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.1780251101 · Cited by 14,519
Detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults (Adult Treatment Panel III)
Grundy, S. M., Becker, D. M., Clark, L. T., Cooper, R., Denke, M. A., Howard, J. L., Hunninghake, D. B., Illingworth, D. R., Luepker, R. V., McBride, P. E., et al. (2002) · Civil War Book Review · Cited by 12,198
Role of Insulin Resistance in Human Disease
Reaven, G. M. (1988) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.37.12.1595 · Cited by 12,154
Hochberg, M. C. (1997) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.1780400928 · Cited by 11,409
(2004) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2003.10.004 · Cited by 9,050
Ford, E. S., Giles, W. H., & Dietz, W. H. (2002) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.287.3.356 · Cited by 6,698
Eckel, R. H., Alberti, K., Grundy, S. M., & Zimmet, P. (2010) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(09)61794-3 · Cited by 6,317
The Rotterdam ESHRE/ASRM-sponsored PCOS consensus workshop group (2004) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/humrep/deh098 · Cited by 6,138
Matsuda, M., & DeFronzo, R. A. (1999) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.22.9.1462 · Cited by 5,621
Association of NOD2 leucine-rich repeat variants with susceptibility to Crohn's disease
Hugot, J.-P., Chamaillard, M., Zouali, H., Lesage, S., Cézard, J.-P., Belaiche, J., Almer, S., Tysk, C., O'Morain, C. A., Gassull, M., et al. (2001) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35079107 · Cited by 5,591
Use and Abuse of HOMA Modeling
Wallace, T. M., Levy, J. C., & Matthews, D. R. (2004) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.27.6.1487 · Cited by 5,114
A frameshift mutation in NOD2 associated with susceptibility to Crohn's disease
Ogura, Y., Bonen, D. K., Inohara, N., Nicolae, D. L., Chen, F. F., Ramos, R., Britton, H., Moran, T., Karaliuskas, R., Duerr, R. H., et al. (2001) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35079114 · Cited by 5,030
A Critical Evaluation of Simple Methods for the Estimation of Free Testosterone in Serum
Vermeulen, A., Verdonck, L., & Kaufman, J. M. (1999) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.84.10.6079 · Cited by 3,824
The Prevalence and Features of the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in an Unselected Population
Azziz, R., Woods, K. S., Reyna, R., Key, T. J., Knochenhauer, E. S., & Yıldız, B. O. (2004) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2003-032046 · Cited by 2,715
Self-citationHaddow, J. E., Palomaki, G. E., Allan, W. C., Williams, J. R., Knight, G. J., Gagnon, J., O'Heir, C. E., Mitchell, M. L., Hermos, R. J., Waisbren, S. E., et al. (1999) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199908193410801 · Cited by 2,558
Clinical assessment of body hair growth in women.
Ferriman, D., & Gallwey, J. D. (1961) · Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-21-11-1440 · Cited by 2,556
Azziz, R., Carmina, E., Dewailly, D., Diamanti-Kandarakis, E., Escobar-Morreale, H. F., Futterweit, W., Janssen, O. E., Legro, R. S., Norman, R. J., Taylor, A. E., et al. (2006) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2006-0178 · Cited by 2,143
Self-citationAmenorrhea associated with bilateral polycystic ovaries
Stein, I. F., & Leventhal, M. L. (1935) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/s0002-9378(15)30642-6 · Cited by 2,121
Profound Peripheral Insulin Resistance, Independent of Obesity, in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Dunaif, A., Segal, K. R., Futterweit, W., & Dobrjansky, A. (1989) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.38.9.1165 · Cited by 1,967
Self-citationKnochenhauer, E. S., Key, T. J., Kahsar-Miller, M., Waggoner, W., Boots, L. R., & Azziz, R. (1998) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.83.9.5090 · Cited by 1,759
Self-citationLegro, R. S. (1999) · Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.84.1.165 · Cited by 1,743
Self-citationCongenital Adrenal Hyperplasia
Speiser, P., & White, P. C. (1987) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm198711263172211 · Cited by 1,420
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
Speiser, P. W., & White, P. C. (2003) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmra021561 · Cited by 1,405
Diagnosis and complications of Cushing’s syndrome: a consensus statement
Arnaldi, G., Angeli, A., Atkinson, A. B., Bertagna, X., Cavagnini, F., Chrousos, G. P., Fava, G. A., Findling, J. W., Gaillard, R. C., Grossman, A. B., et al. (2003) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2003-030871 · Cited by 1,362
Asunción, M., Calvo, R. M., Millán, J. L. S., Sancho, J., Ávila, S., & Escobar-Morreale, H. F. (2000) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.85.7.6682 · Cited by 1,328
Self-citationPrevalence of impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.
Ehrmann, D. A., Barnes, R. B., Rosenfield, R. L., Cavaghan, M. K., & Imperial, J. (1999) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.22.1.141 · Cited by 1,257 · cited 1×
“Likewise, for the prevalence of type 2 DM, which appears to affect 4% to 10% of young women with PCOS (188, 192, 203).”
BackgroundRosner, W., Auchus, R. J., Azziz, R., Sluss, P. M., & Raff, H. (2007) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2006-1864 · Cited by 1,176 · cited 2×
“The present recommendation is to measure free T concentration either directly by equilibrium dialysis, or to calculate free T based on the total T measured accurately (e.g., by RIA using column chromatography, or by LC-MS or GC-MS) and SHBG (e.g., measured using competitive binding or a high quality immune-based assay…”
BackgroundSelf-citationKnochenhauer, E. (1998) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.83.9.3078 · Cited by 1,134
Androgen Excess in Women: Experience with Over 1000 Consecutive Patients
Azziz, R., Sanchez, L. A., Knochenhauer, E. S., Moran, C., Lazenby, J., Stephens, K. C., Taylor, K., & Boots, L. R. (2004) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2003-031122 · Cited by 1,132
Self-citationDiamanti‐Kandarakis, E., Kouli, C., Bergiele, A. T., Filandra, F. A., Tsianateli, T. C., Spina, G., Zapanti, E. D., & Bartzis, M. I. (1999) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.84.11.6148 · Cited by 1,107
Self-citationAndrology: Polycystic ovary syndrome: the spectrum of the disorder in 1741 patients
Balen, A. H., Conway, G. S., Kaltsas, G., Techatraisak, K., Manning, P. J., West, C., & Jacobs, H. S. (1995) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a136243 · Cited by 1,060
VARIATION OF THE HUMAN MENSTRUAL CYCLE THROUGH REPRODUCTIVE LIFE
TRELOAR, A. E., BOYNTON, R. E., BEHN, B. G., & BROWN, B. W. (1968) · Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey · doi:10.1097/00006254-196801000-00019 · Cited by 1,018
Hirsutism: Implications, etiology, and management
Hatch, R., Rosenfield, R. L., Kim, M. H., & Tredway, D. R. (1981) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/0002-9378(81)90746-8 · Cited by 1,013
Lesage, S., Zouali, H., Cézard, J., Colombel, J., Bélaïche, J., Almer, S. H., Tysk, C., O'Morain, C. A., Gassull, M. A., Binder, V., et al. (2002) · The American Journal of Human Genetics · doi:10.1086/339432 · Cited by 992
Prevalence of polycystic ovaries in women with anovulation and idiopathic hirsutism.
Adams, J., POLSON, D. W., & Franks, S. (1986) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.293.6543.355 · Cited by 975
Mapping of a susceptibility locus for Crohn's disease on chromosome 16
Hugot, J., Laurent‐Puig, P., Gower‐Rousseau, C., Olson, J. M., Lee, J. C., Beaugerie, L., Naom, I., Dupas, J., Gossum, A. V., Af, G. D. T. D., et al. (1996) · Nature · doi:10.1038/379821a0 · Cited by 950
Prevalence and Characteristics of the Metabolic Syndrome in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Apridonidze, T., Essah, P. A., Iuorno, M. J., & Nestler, J. E. (2005) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2004-1045 · Cited by 931
POLYCYSTIC OVARIES—A COMMON FINDING IN NORMAL WOMEN
POLSON, D. W., Wadsworth, J., Adams, J., & Franks, S. (1988) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(88)91612-1 · Cited by 899
Classification of the types of androgenetic alopecia (common baldness) occurring in the female sex
Ludwig, E. (1977) · British Journal of Dermatology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1977.tb15179.x · Cited by 881
NESTLER, J. E., POWERS, L. P., MATT, D. W., STEINGOLD, K. A., PLYMATE, S. R., RITTMASTER, R. S., CLORE, J. N., & BLACKARD, W. G. (1991) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-72-1-83 · Cited by 815
Legro, R. S., Finegood, D. T., & Dunaif, A. E. (1998) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.83.8.5054 · Cited by 749
Self-citationPop, V. J., Brouwers, E. P. M., Vader, H. L., Vulsma, T., van Baar, A. L., & de Vijlder, J. J. M. (2003) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2265.2003.01822.x · Cited by 727
Evidence for a genetic basis for hyperandrogenemia in polycystic ovary syndrome
Legro, R. S., Driscoll, D., Strauss, J. F., Fox, J., & Dunaif, A. (1998) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.95.25.14956 · Cited by 699
Self-citationPLYMATE, S. R., MATEJ, L. A., JONES, R. E., & FRIEDL, K. E. (1988) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-67-3-460 · Cited by 693
McCartney, C. R., & Marshall, J. C. (2016) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmcp1514916 · Cited by 643
Taieb, J., Mathian, B., Millot, F., Patricot, M. C., Mathieu, E., Queyrel, N., Lacroix, I., Somma-Delpéro, C., & Boudou, P. (2003) · Clinical Chemistry · doi:10.1373/49.8.1381 · Cited by 638
Barbieri, R. L., Makris, A., Randall, R. W., Daniels, G. H., Kistner, R. W., & Ryan, K. J. (1986) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-62-5-904 · Cited by 629
Prevalence and predictors of dyslipidemia in women with polycystic ovary syndrome
Legro, R. S., Kunselman, A. R., & Dunaif, A. (2001) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0002-9343(01)00948-2 · Cited by 622
Self-citationThe molecular classification of the clinical manifestations of Crohn's disease
Ahmad, T., Armuzzi, A., Bunce, M., et al. (2002) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/gast.2002.32413 · Cited by 622
Nestler, J. E., Jakubowicz, D. J., Falcon de Vargas, A., Brik, C., Quintero, N., & Medina, F. (1998) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.83.6.4886 · Cited by 617
A Comparison of the Prevalence of the Metabolic Syndrome Using Two Proposed Definitions
Ford, E. S., & Giles, W. H. (2003) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.26.3.575 · Cited by 616
DeUgarte, C. M., Bartolucci, A. A., & Azziz, R. (2005) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2004.11.070 · Cited by 589
Self-citationWang, C., Catlin, D. H., Demers, L. M., Starcevic, B., & Swerdloff, R. S. (2004) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2003-031287 · Cited by 580
Orth, D. N. (1995) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199503233321207 · Cited by 563
Taylor, A. E., McCourt, B. J., Martin, K. A., Anderson, E. J., Adams, J. M., Schoenfeld, D., & Hall, J. E. (1997) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.82.7.4105 · Cited by 544
Self-citationAzziz, R., Ehrmann, D. A., Legro, R. S., Whitcomb, R. W., Hanley, R. M., Fereshetian, A. G., O’Keefe, M., & Ghazzi, M. N. (2001) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.86.4.7375 · Cited by 537
Self-citationHigh frequency of nonclassical steroid 21-hydroxylase deficiency
SPEISER, P. W., DUPONT, B. O., RUBINSTEIN, P., PIAZZA, A., KASTELAN, A., & NEW, M. I. (1986) · Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey · doi:10.1097/00006254-198604000-00017 · Cited by 523
POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME: A CHANGING PERSPECTIVE
Franks, S. (1989) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1989.tb00457.x · Cited by 523
How to measure insulin sensitivity
Ferrannini, E., & Mari, A. (1998) · Journal of Hypertension · doi:10.1097/00004872-199816070-00001 · Cited by 510
A Review of the Evidence for Overlap among Unexplained Clinical Conditions
Aaron, L. A., & Buchwald, D. (2001) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-134-9_part_2-200105011-00011 · Cited by 501
Coronary Heart Disease Risk Factors in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Talbott, E. O., Guzick, D. S., Clerici, A., Berga, S. L., Detre, K. M., Weimer, K., & Kuller, L. H. (1995) · Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/01.atv.15.7.821 · Cited by 499
Lipoprotein Lipid Concentrations and Cardiovascular Risk in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Wild, R. A., Painter, P. C., Coulson, P. B., CARRUTH, K. B., & Ranney, G. B. (1985) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-61-5-946 · Cited by 480
Bjøro, T., Holmen, J., Krüger, Ø., Midthjell, K., Hunstad, K., Schreiner, T., Sandnes, L., & Brochmann, H. (2000) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/eje.0.1430639 · Cited by 463
Dunaif, A. E., & Finegood, D. T. (1996) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.81.3.8772555 · Cited by 457
Detecting Insulin Resistance in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Purposes and Pitfalls
Legro, R. S., Castracane, V. D., & Kauffman, R. P. (2004) · Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey · doi:10.1097/01.ogx.0000109523.25076.e2 · Cited by 453
Self-citationMorales, A. J., Laughlin, G. A., Bützow, T. L., Maheshwari, H., Baumann, G., & Yen, S. S. C. (1996) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.81.8.8768842 · Cited by 453
Conway, G. S., Honour, J. W., & Jacobs, H. S. (1989) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1989.tb00446.x · Cited by 447
Broekmans, F. J., Knauff, E. A. H., Valkenburg, O., Laven, J. S. E., Eijkemans, M. J. C., & Fauser, B. C. J. M. (2006) · BJOG An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology · doi:10.1111/j.1471-0528.2006.01008.x · Cited by 445
Role of Hormones in Pilosebaceous Unit Development
Deplewski, D., & Rosenfield, R. L. (2000) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/edrv.21.4.0404 · Cited by 443
Carmina, E., Koyama, T., Chang, L., Stanczyk, F. Z., & Løbo, R. A. (1992) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/0002-9378(92)91779-a · Cited by 441
Self-citationOvarian and adrenal contribution to peripheral androgens during the menstrual cycle
ABRAHAM, G. E. (1974) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-39-2-340 · Cited by 436
Polycystic ovaries and associated clinical and biochemical features in young women
Michelmore, K. F., Balen, A. H., Dunger, D. B., & Vessey, M. P. (1999) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2265.1999.00886.x · Cited by 433
Ehrmann, D. A., Sturis, J., Byrne, M. M., Karrison, T., Rosenfield, R. L., & Polonsky, K. S. (1995) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci118064 · Cited by 426
Carmina, E., Rosato, F., Jannì, A., Rizzo, M., & Longo, R. A. (2006) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2005-1457 · Cited by 420
Self-citationPrevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in first-degree relatives of patients with PCOS
Kahsar-Miller, M. D., Nixon, C., Boots, L. R., Go, R. C., & Azziz, R. (2001) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/s0015-0282(00)01662-9 · Cited by 406
Self-citationImpact of Obesity on the Risk for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Yildiz, B. O., Knochenhauer, E. S., & Azziz, R. (2008) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2007-1834 · Cited by 401
Self-citationGlueck, C. J., Papanna, R., Wang, P., Goldenberg, N., & Sieve-Smith, L. (2003) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/s0026-0495(03)00104-5 · Cited by 396
ROSS, E. (1982) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(82)92749-0 · Cited by 390
Azziz, R. (2001) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.86.4.1626 · Cited by 379
Self-citationThe length and variability of the human menstrual cycle
Chiazze, L. (1968) · JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association · doi:10.1001/jama.1968.03140060001001 · Cited by 374
Habershon, R. (1975) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(75)93067-6 · Cited by 368
Ultrasound examination of polycystic ovaries: is it worth counting the follicles?
Jonard, S. (2003) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/humrep/deg115 · Cited by 367
KIDDY, D. S., SHARP, P. S., WHITE, D. M., SCANLON, M. F., MASON, H. D., BRAY, C. S., POLSON, D. W., REED, M. J., & FRANKS, S. (1990) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1990.tb00857.x · Cited by 364
Long or Highly Irregular Menstrual Cycles as a Marker for Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Solomon, C. G. (2001) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.286.19.2421 · Cited by 362 · cited 1×
“9% reported by 101,073 women participating in the Nurses’ Health Study II for cycles R32 days in length (57).”
BackgroundClayton, R. N., Ogden, V., Hodgkinson, J., Worswick, L., Rodin, D. A., Dyer, S., & Meade, T. W. (1992) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1992.tb02296.x · Cited by 357
Prevalence and Characteristics of the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Overweight and Obese Women
Álvarez‐Blasco, F., Botella-Carretero, J. I., Millán, J. L. S., & Escobar-Morreale, H. F. (2006) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.166.19.2081 · Cited by 352
Self-citationDetection of Functional Ovarian Hyperandrogenism in Women with Androgen Excess
Ehrmann, D. A., Rosenfield, R. L., Barnes, R. B., Brigell, D. F., & Sheikh, Z. (1992) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199207163270304 · Cited by 322
High prevalence of autoimmune thyroiditis in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome
Janßen, O., Mehlmauer, N., Hahn, S., Offner, A., & Gärtner, R. (2004) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/eje.0.1500363 · Cited by 322
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test Minimal Model Indexes of β-Cell Function and Insulin Sensitivity
Breda, E., Cavaghan, M. K., Toffolo, G., Polonsky, K. S., & Cobelli, C. (2001) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.50.1.150 · Cited by 320
Wijeyaratne, C. N., Balen, A. H., Barth, J. H., & Belchetz, P. E. (2002) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2265.2002.01603.x · Cited by 315
Talbott, E. O., Clerici, A., Berga, S. L., Kuller, L. H., Guzick, D. S., Detre, K. M., Daniels, T. L., & Engberg, R. A. (1998) · Journal of Clinical Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/s0895-4356(98)00010-9 · Cited by 312
Miller, K. K., Rosner, W., Lee, H., Hier, J., Sesmilo, G., Schoenfeld, D., Neubauer, G., & Klibanski, A. (2004) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2003-030680 · Cited by 301
Barbieri, R. L., & Ryan, K. J. (1983) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/0002-9378(83)90091-1 · Cited by 295
Carmina, E., & Løbo, R. A. (2004) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2004.01.041 · Cited by 293
Self-citationDisturbances of menstruation in hypothyroidism
Krassas, G. E., Pontikides, N., Kaltsas, T., Papadopoulou, P., Paunković, J., Paunković, N., & Duntas, L. H. (1999) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2265.1999.00719.x · Cited by 290
Prevalence of facial acne vulgaris in late adolescence and in adults.
Cunliffe, W. J., & Gould, D. J. (1979) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.1.6171.1109 · Cited by 290
Chang, W. Y., Knochenhauer, E. S., Bartolucci, A. A., & Azziz, R. (2005) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.01.096 · Cited by 284
Self-citationDunaif, A., Heindel, J. J., & Chang, R. (2002) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.3109/9780203910948 · Cited by 283
Skin disease in Lambeth. A community study of prevalence and use of medical care.
Rea, J. N., NEWHOUSE, M. L., & Halil, T. (1976) · Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health · doi:10.1136/jech.30.2.107 · Cited by 276
Clinical review 56: Nonclassic adrenal hyperplasia: current concepts
Azziz, R., Dewailly, D., & Owerbach, D. (1994) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.78.4.8157702 · Cited by 275
Self-citationCarmina, E., Chu, M. C., Longo, R. A., Rini, G. B., & Lobo, R. A. (2005) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2004-2279 · Cited by 274
Self-citationYıldız, B. O., Yaralı́, H., Oğuz, H., & Bayraktar, M. (2003) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2002-021499 · Cited by 273
Farquhar, C. M., Birdsall, M. A., Manning, P. J., Mitchell, J., & France, J. T. (1994) · Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology · doi:10.1111/j.1479-828x.1994.tb01041.x · Cited by 246
Classification, epidemiology, and natural history of fibromyalgia
White, K. P., & Harth, M. (2001) · Current Pain and Headache Reports · doi:10.1007/s11916-001-0021-2 · Cited by 246
Azziz, R., Hincapie, L. A., Knochenhauer, E. S., Dewailly, D., Fox, L., & Boots, L. R. (1999) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/s0015-0282(99)00383-0 · Cited by 244
Self-citationPrevalence of adrenal androgen excess in patients with the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
Kumar, A., Woods, K. S., Bartolucci, A. A., & Azziz, R. (2005) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.2005.02256.x · Cited by 238
Self-citationPANG, S., LERNER, A. J., STONER, E., LEVINE, L. S., OBERFIELD, S. E., ENGEL, I., & NEW, M. I. (1985) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-60-3-428 · Cited by 238
Women with polycystic ovary syndrome gain regular menstrual cycles when ageing
Elting, M. W., Korsen, T. J. M., Rekers-Mombarg, L. T. M., & Schoemaker, J. (2000) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/humrep/15.1.24 · Cited by 237
Legro, R. S., Bentley–Lewis, R., Driscoll, D. A., Wang, S. C., & Dunaif, A. E. (2002) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.87.5.8513 · Cited by 223
Self-citationDeUgarte, C. M., Woods, K. S., Bartolucci, A. A., & Azziz, R. (2006) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2004-2301 · Cited by 222
Self-citationModified protocols improve insulin sensitivity estimation using the minimal model
Yang, Y. J., Youn, J. H., & Bergman, R. N. (1987) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.1987.253.6.e595 · Cited by 212
Nilsson, I. M. S., & Holmberg, L. (1974) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(74)91962-x · Cited by 212
THE SECRETION OF DEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONE AND DEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONE SULPHATE IN MAN
Nieschlag, E., Loriaux, D. L., Ruder, H. J., Zucker, I., Kirschner, M. A., & LIPSETT, M. B. (1973) · Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1677/joe.0.0570123 · Cited by 209
Ehrmann, D. A., Kasza, K., Azziz, R., Legro, R. S., & Ghazzi, M. N. (2005) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2004-0229 · Cited by 205
Self-citationRallison, M. L., DOBYNS, B. M., Meikle, A. W., Bishop, M., Lyon, J. L., & Stevens, W. (1991) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/0002-9343(91)90153-o · Cited by 203
Regulation of Human Hair Growth by Steroid Hormones. I. Testosterone Metabolism in Isolated Hairs
Schweikert, H. U., & Wilson, J. D. (1974) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-38-5-811 · Cited by 202
Valkenburg, O., Steegers‐Theunissen, R. P. M., Smedts, H. P. M., Dallinga‐Thie, G. M., Fauser, B. C. J. M., Westerveld, E. H., & Laven, J. S. E. (2007) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2007-1756 · Cited by 201
Memişoğlu, A. (2003) · Human Molecular Genetics · doi:10.1093/hmg/ddg318 · Cited by 199
Oligoanovulation with Polycystic Ovaries But Not Overt Hyperandrogenism
Dewailly, D., Catteau-Jonard, S., Reyss, A.-C., Leroy, M., & Pigny, P. (2006) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2006-1054 · Cited by 198
Self-citationCarmina, E. (2003) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/humrep/deg440 · Cited by 196
Self-citationThe prevalence of hyperandrogenism in 109 consecutive female patients with diffuse alopecia
Futterweit, W., Dunaif, A. E., Yeh, H.-C., & Kingsley, P. (1988) · Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · doi:10.1016/s0190-9622(88)70241-8 · Cited by 188
Self-citationInappropriate Gonadotropin Secretion in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Influence of Adiposity 1
Arroyo, A., Laughlin, G. A., Morales, A. J., & Yen, S. S. C. (1997) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.82.11.4377 · Cited by 188
van Santbrink, E. J. P., Hop, W. C. J., & Fauser, B. C. J. M. (1997) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/s0015-0282(97)80068-4 · Cited by 187
Diamanti‐Kandarakis, E., & Panidis, D. (2007) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.2007.02954.x · Cited by 183
Self-citationThe prevalence of polycystic ovaries in women with type 2 diabetes mellitus
CONN, J. J., Jacobs, H. S., & Conway, G. S. (2000) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2265.2000.00884.x · Cited by 183
Androgen Excess Disorders in Women
Azziz, R., Nestler, J. E., & Dewailly, D. (2007) · Humana Press eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-59745-179-6 · Cited by 182
Self-citationSerum testosterone levels decrease in middle age in women with the polycystic ovary syndrome
Winters, S. J., Talbott, E. O., Guzick, D. S., Zborowski, J. V., & McHugh-Pemu, K. P. (2000) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/s0015-0282(99)00641-x · Cited by 182
Dyslipidaemia is associated with insulin resistance in women with polycystic ovaries
Robinson, S., Henderson, A. D., Gelding, S. V., Kiddy, D. S., Niththyananthan, R., Bush, A., Richmond, W., Johnston, D. G., & Franks, S. (1996) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2265.1996.674495.x · Cited by 181
Baulieu, E. E., Corpechot, C., DRAY, F., Emiliozzi, R., Lebeau, M., MAUVAIS-JARVIS, P., & Röbel, P. (1965) · PubMed · Cited by 180
Adams, J. M., Taylor, A. E., Crowley, W. F., & Hall, J. E. (2004) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2003-031600 · Cited by 179
Self-citationMidnight salivary cortisol for the initial diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome of various causes.
Yaneva, M., Mosnier-Pudar, H., Dugué, M.-A., Grabar, S., Fulla, Y., & Bertagna, X. (2004) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2003-031790 · Cited by 179
Report of the American Diabetes Association's Task Force on Standardization of the Insulin Assay
Robbins, D. C., Andersen, L., Bowsher, R., Chance, R., Dinesen, B., Frank, B., Gingerich, R., Goldstein, D., Widemeyer, H.-M., Haffner, S., et al. (1996) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.45.2.242 · Cited by 179
The Cushing Syndromes: Changing Views of Diagnosis and Treatment
Gold, E. M. (1979) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-90-5-829 · Cited by 178
How to discriminate between normal and polycystic ovaries: transvaginal US study.
Pache, T. D., Wladimiroff, J. W., Hop, W. C. J., & Fauser, B. C. J. M. (1992) · Radiology · doi:10.1148/radiology.183.2.1561343 · Cited by 175
Identification of Virilizing Adrenal Tumors in Hirsute Women
Derksen, J. J. L., Nagesser, S. K., Meinders, A. E., Haak, H. R., & van de Velde, C. J. �. (1994) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199410133311502 · Cited by 175
24-Hour Secretory Pattern of Dehydroisoandrosterone and Dehydroisoandrosterone Sulfate
Rosenfeld, R. S., ROSENBERG, B. J., Fukushima, D. K., & HELLMAN, L. (1975) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-40-5-850 · Cited by 171
The low-dose dexamethasone suppression test: a reevaluation in patients with Cushing's syndrome
Findling, J. W., Raff, H., & Aron, D. C. (2004) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2003-030207 · Cited by 165 · cited 2×
“The presence of atypical presentations in Cushing’s syndrome including those seen in PCOS and pseudo-Cushing’s should alert the endocrinologist to carefully evaluate any woman with PCOS who have developed some of the features seen in Cushing’s syndrome, other than menstrual dysfunction and hyperandrogenism (281, 282).”
BackgroundThe Impact on Clinical Practice of Routine Screening for Macroprolactin
Gibney, J., Smith, T. P., & McKenna, T. J. (2005) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2004-2234 · Cited by 162
Legro, R. S., Kunselman, A. R., Demers, L., Wang, S. C., Bentley–Lewis, R., & Dunaif, A. E. (2002) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.87.5.8387 · Cited by 161
Self-citationPolycystic ovaries and associated metabolic abnormalities in Indian subcontinent Asian women
Rodin, D. A., Bano, G., Bland, J. M., Taylor, K., & Nussey, S. (1998) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2265.1998.00492.x · Cited by 161
Body size from birth to adulthood as a predictor of self-reported polycystic ovary syndrome symptoms
Laitinen, J., Taponen, S., Martikainen, H. K., Pouta, A., Millwood, I. Y., Hartikainen, A., Ruokonen, A., Sovio, U., McCarthy, M. I., Franks, S., et al. (2003) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0802301 · Cited by 160
Lado‐Abeal, J., Rodriguez-Arnao, J., Newell-Price, J. D. C., Perry, L. A., Grossman, A. B., BESSER, G. M., & Trainer, P. J. (1998) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.83.9.5084 · Cited by 160
Azziz, R., Black, V. Y., Hines, G. A., Fox, L. M., & Boots, L. R. (1998) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.83.7.4948 · Cited by 160
Self-citationDalgard, F. J., Svensson, Å., Holm, J.-O. H., & Sundby, J. (2004) · British Journal of Dermatology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.2004.06058.x · Cited by 157
Limitations of the Fasting Glucose to Insulin Ratio as an Index of Insulin Sensitivity
Quon, M. J. (2001) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.86.10.7952 · Cited by 156
Marchesini, G., Forlani, G., Cerrelli, F., Manini, R., Natale, S., Baraldi, L., Ermini, G., Savorani, G., Zocchi, D., & Melchionda, N. (2004) · Diabetic Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1464-5491.2004.01115.x · Cited by 152
Clinical and Biological Phenotypes in Late-Onset 21 Hydroxylase Deficiency
DEWAILLY, D., VANTYGHEM-HAUDIQUET, M.-C., SAINSARD, C., BUVAT, J., CAPPOEN, J. P., ARDAENS, K., RACADOT, A., LEFEBVRE, J., & FOSSATI, P. (1986) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-63-2-418 · Cited by 151
Self-citationO'Driscoll, J. B., Mamtora, H., Higginson, J. D., Pollock, A. C., Kane, J. W., & Anderson, D. C. (1994) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1994.tb02535.x · Cited by 150
A Manual of Pathological Anatomy
Jones, C. H., & Sieveking, E. H. (1855) · Journal of Cell Science · doi:10.1242/jcs.s1-3.10.155 · Cited by 150
Endocrine Disorders Associated with Inappropriately High Aromatase Expression
Bulun, S. E., Noble, L. S., Takayama, K., Michael, M. D., Agarwal, V. R., Fisher, C., Zhao, Y., Hinshelwood, M. M., Ito, Y., & Simpson, E. R. (1997) · The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/s0960-0760(97)80004-0 · Cited by 148
Study of the metabolic clearance rate of dehydroisoandrosterone sulfate in pregnancy
Gant, N. F., Hutchinson, H. T., Siiteri, P. K., et al. (1971) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/0002-9378(71)90472-8 · Cited by 148
Prevalence of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Among Premenopausal Women With Type 2 Diabetes
Peppard, H. R., Marfori, J., Iuorno, M. J., & Nestler, J. E. (2001) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.24.6.1050 · Cited by 147
Johnson, M. T., & Roberts, J. (1978) · PubMed · Cited by 146
Definition and epidemiology of functional gastrointestinal disorders
Corazziari, E. S. (2004) · Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology · doi:10.1016/j.bpg.2004.04.012 · Cited by 145
Deneux, C., Tardy, V., Dib, A., Mornet, E., Billaud, L., Charron, D., Morel, Y., & Kuttenn, F. (2001) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.86.1.207 · Cited by 144
Insulin insensitivity in adrenal hyperplasia due to nonclassical steroid 21-hydroxylase deficiency.
Speiser, P. W., Serrat, J., New, M. I., & Gertner, J. M. (1992) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.75.6.1464643 · Cited by 143
CYP11B1 Mutations Causing Non-Classic Adrenal Hyperplasia due to 11 -Hydroxylase Deficiency
Joehrer, K., Geley, S., Strasser-Wozak, E. M. C., Azziz, R., Wollmann, H. A., Schmitt, K., Kofler, R., & White, P. C. (1997) · Human Molecular Genetics · doi:10.1093/hmg/6.11.1829 · Cited by 142 · cited 2×
“It has been recognized that women with PCOS often manifest increased ACTH-stimulated responses of steroids in the D(5) pathway, that is, 17hydroxypregnenolone (17-PREG) and DHEA (267, 268).”
BackgroundSelf-citationWilson, R. C., Nimkarn, S., Dumić, M., Obeid, J. S., Azar, M. R., Najmabadi, H., Saffari, F., & New, M. I. (2007) · Molecular Genetics and Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.ymgme.2006.12.005 · Cited by 140
Inappropriate Gonadotropin Secretion in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Influence of Adiposity
Arroyo, A. (1997) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.82.11.3728 · Cited by 138
Boots, L. R., Potter, S., Potter, H. D., & Azziz, R. (1998) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/s0015-0282(97)00464-0 · Cited by 136
Self-citationLutfallah, C., Wang, W., Mason, J. I., Chang, Y., Haider, A., Rich, B. H., Castro-Magaña, M., Copeland, K. C., DAVID, R. R., & Pang, S. (2002) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.87.6.8615 · Cited by 135
Serum Steroid Levels During the Menstrual Cycle in a Bilaterally Adrenalectomized Woman
Abraham, G. E., & Chakmakjian, Z. H. (1973) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-37-4-581 · Cited by 134
Hyperinsulinemia is common in family members of women with polycystic ovary syndrome
Norman, R. J., Masters, S. C., & Hague, W. M. (1996) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/s0015-0282(16)58687-7 · Cited by 132
Self-citationLorenzo, E. M. (1970) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-31-5-556 · Cited by 131
Dunaif, A. E., Sorbara, L. R., Delson, R., & Green, G. (1993) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.42.10.1462 · Cited by 131
Metabolic Profile in Sons of Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Recabarren, S. E., Smith, R., Ríos, R., Maliqueo, M. A., Echiburú, B., Ethel Codner, D., CASSORLA, F. G., Rojas, P., & Sir‐Petermann, T. (2008) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2007-2256 · Cited by 126
Løbo, R. A., & Goebelsmann, U. (1981) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-53-2-394 · Cited by 126
Glintborg, D., Henriksen, J. E., Andersen, M., Hagen, C., Hangaard, J., Rasmussen, P. E., Schousboe, K., & Hermann, A. P. (2004) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2004.06.040 · Cited by 126
Smith, E. L., & Shmerling, R. H. (1999) · Lupus · doi:10.1191/096120399680411317 · Cited by 126
Homburg, R. (2002) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/humrep/17.10.2495 · Cited by 125
Idiopathic hirsutism: an uncommon cause of hirsutism in Alabama
Azziz, R., Waggoner, W., Ochoa, T., Knochenhauer, E. S., & Boots, L. R. (1998) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/s0015-0282(98)00141-1 · Cited by 124
Self-citationAndrogen Excess Disorders in Women
Mehta, A. (1998) · Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1016/s1043-2760(98)00030-7 · Cited by 123
Hyperinsulinemia in hyperthecosis of the ovaries
Nagamani, M., Dinh, T. V., & Kelver, M. E. (1986) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/0002-9378(86)90676-9 · Cited by 122
Kaltsas, G., Isidori, A. M., Kola, B., Skelly, R. H., Chew, S. L., Jenkins, P. J., Monson, J. P., Grossman, A. B., & BESSER, G. M. (2003) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2002-020922 · Cited by 122
Thyroid Dysfunction and Women's Reproductive Health
Redmond, G. P. (2004) · Thyroid · doi:10.1089/105072504323024543 · Cited by 121
Clinical Utility of Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin Measurement
PUGEAT, M. M., Crave, J. C., TOURNIAIRE, J., & Forest, M. G. (2008) · Hormone Research · doi:10.1159/000184778 · Cited by 120
Consensus on infertility treatment related to polycystic ovary syndrome.
Hong, K. (2008) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/humrep/dem426 · Cited by 117
Wild, R. A., Umstot, E. S., Andersen, R. N., Ranney, G. B., & Givens, J. R. (1983) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/0002-9378(83)90998-5 · Cited by 114
Escobar-Morreale, H. F., Roldán, B., Barrio, R., Alonso, M., Sancho, J., de la Calle, H., & García‐Robles, R. (2000) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.85.11.6931 · Cited by 113
Self-citationDehydroepiandrosterone metabolism
Longcope, C. (1996) · Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1677/joe.0.150s125 · Cited by 113
Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate (DS) Levels, a Rapid Test for Abnormal Adrenal Androgen Secretion
KORTH-SCHÜTZ, S., Levine, L. S., & New, M. I. (1976) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-42-6-1005 · Cited by 112
The prevalence of polycystic ovaries in healthy women
Koivunen, R. M., Laatikainen, T., Tomás, C., Huhtaniemi, I. T., Tapanainen, J. S., & Martikainen, H. K. (1999) · Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica · doi:10.1034/j.1600-0412.1999.780212.x · Cited by 111
Legro, R. S., Myers, E. R., Barnhart, H. X., Carson, S. A., Diamond, M. P., Carr, B. R., Schlaff, W. D., Coutifaris, C., McGovern, P. G., Cataldo, N. A., et al. (2006) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2006.03.037 · Cited by 111
Self-citationTaponen, S., Martikainen, H. K., Järvelin, M., Sovio, U., Laitinen, J. H., Pouta, A. M., Hartikainen, A., McCarthy, M. I., Franks, S., Paldanius, M., et al. (2004) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2003-031720 · Cited by 111
Kaltsas, G., Korbonits, M., Isidori, A., Webb, J., Trainer, P., Monson, J., Besser, G., & Grossman, A. B. (2000) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2265.2000.01117.x · Cited by 110
Prevalence of polycystic ovaries in women with androgenic alopecia
Cela, E., Robertson, C., Rush, K., Κousta, E., White, D. M., Wilson, H., Lyons, G., Kingsley, P., McCarthy, M. I., & Franks, S. (2003) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/eje.0.1490439 · Cited by 110
The impact of ethnicity on the presentation of polycystic ovarian syndrome
Williamson, K., Gunn, A. J., JOHNSON, N. P., & Milsom, S. R. (2001) · Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology · doi:10.1111/j.1479-828x.2001.tb01210.x · Cited by 108
Ovarian stromal hypertrophy in hyperandrogenic women
Dewailly, D., Robert, Y., Helln, I., Ardaens, Y., Thomas‐Desrousseaux, P., Lemaltre, L., & Fossati, P. (1994) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1994.tb01818.x · Cited by 107
Self-citationExon 6 and 2 Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-γ Polymorphisms in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Orio, F., Matarese, G., Biase, S. D., Palomba, S., Labella, D., Sanna, V., Savastano, S., Zullo, F., Colao, A., & Lombardi, G. (2003) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2002-021816 · Cited by 106
Cushingʼs Disease—18 Yearsʼ Experience
Rc, U., & George, J. M. (1981) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/00005792-198101000-00002 · Cited by 106
Ferriman Gallwey Self-Scoring I: Performance Assessment in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Wild, R. A., Vesely, S. K., Beebe, L. A., Whitsett, T. L., & Owen, W. (2005) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2004-2243 · Cited by 106
Prevalence of idiopathic hirsutism
Carmina, E. (1998) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/eje.0.1390421 · Cited by 105
Self-citationLegrain, S., Massien, C., Lahlou, N., Roger, M., Debuire, B., Diquet, B., Châtellier, G., Azizi, M., Faucounau, V., Porchet, H. C., et al. (2000) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.85.9.6805 · Cited by 104
Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate as an indicator of adrenal androgen function.
Ra, L., Wl, P., & Goebelsmann, U. (1981) · PubMed · Cited by 104
Hyperprolactinemia in polycystic ovary syndrome
Luciano, A. A., Chapler, F. K., & Sherman, B. M. (1984) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/s0015-0282(16)47838-6 · Cited by 102
Ovarian stromal echogenicity in women with normal and polycystic ovaries
Buckett, W. M. (1999) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/humrep/14.3.618 · Cited by 102
Meldrum, D. R., & Abraham, G. E. (1979) · PubMed · Cited by 102
Oti, M., Huynen, M. A., & Brunner, H. G. (2008) · Trends in Genetics · doi:10.1016/j.tig.2007.12.005 · Cited by 101
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Jonard, 2003, Ultrasound examination of polycystic ovaries: is it worth counting the follicles?, Hum Reprod, 18, 598, 10.1093/humrep/deg115 · DOI
- Azziz, 2000, Idiopathic hirsutism, Endocr Rev, 21, 347
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Definition, Aetiology, Diagnosis and Treatment
Escobar-Morreale, H. F. (2018) · Nature Reviews Endocrinology · doi:10.1038/nrendo.2018.24 · Cited by 2,083
Self-citationDiamanti-Kandarakis, E., & Dunaif, A. (2012) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/er.2011-1034 · Cited by 1,947
Self-citationLegro, R. S., Arslanian, S. A., Ehrmann, D. A., Hoeger, K. M., Murad, M. H., Pasquali, R., & Welt, C. K. (2013) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2013-2350 · Cited by 1,919
Self-citationAzziz, R., Carmina, E., Chen, Z., Dunaif, A., Laven, J. S. E., Legro, R. S., Lizneva, D., Natterson-Horowtiz, B., Teede, H. J., & Yildiz, B. O. (2016) · Nature Reviews Disease Primers · doi:10.1038/nrdp.2016.57 · Cited by 2,005
Self-citationTeede, H., Deeks, A., & Moran, L. (2010) · BMC Medicine · doi:10.1186/1741-7015-8-41 · Cited by 1,565
Metadata
- Authors
- Azziz, R., Carmina, E., Dewailly, D., Diamanti-Kandarakis, E., Escobar-Morreale, H. F., Futterweit, W., Janssen, O. E., Legro, R. S., Norman, R. J., Taylor, A. E., & Witchel, S. F.
- Affiliations
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (US)
- University of Palermo (IT)
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille (FR)
- Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal (ES)
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (US)
- University of Duisburg-Essen (DE)
- Pennsylvania State University (US)
- The University of Adelaide (AU)
- Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh (US)
- Corresponding author
- Carmina, Enrico
- ORCID
- Venue
- Fertility and Sterility
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2009-02
- Volume
- 91
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 456-488
- ISSN
- 0015-0282 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2035217519
- Cited by
- 2,132
- References
- 311
- Citations by year
- 2026: 80 · 2025: 149 · 2024: 126 · 2023: 170 · 2022: 171 · 2021: 140 · 2020: 148 · 2019: 124 · 2018: 115 · 2017: 119 · 2016: 109 · 2015: 141 · 2014: 142 · 2013: 111 · 2012: 93
- FWCI
- 73.76
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Fertility and Sterility (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Adelaide Research & Scholarship (AR&S) (University of Adelaide) (submittedVersion)
- Nova Science Publishers (Nova Science Publishers, Inc.) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Ovarian function and disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Endometriosis Research and Treatment
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic and Kidney Cyst Diseases
- Keywords
- polycystic ovary syndrome, PCOS diagnostic criteria, hyperandrogenism, ovarian dysfunction, oligoanovulation, polycystic ovary, PCOS phenotypes
- MeSH terms
- Diagnosis, Differential, Female, Health Status Indicators, Humans, Menstruation Disturbances, Terminology as Topic, Ovarian Function Tests, Ovary, Ovulation, Phenotype, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Predictive Value of Tests, Biomarkers, Hyperandrogenism, Evidence-Based Medicine
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
