Impact of Obesity on the Risk for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Open accessAbstract
CONTEXT: Although it is well established that adiposity increases the severity of the clinical features of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), the data regarding the prevalence of PCOS in obese women and the change in body weight women presented with PCOS over time are scarce. OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to determine whether obesity increases the risk of PCOS and whether the degree of obesity of PCOS patients has increased, paralleling the rise in obesity in the population. DESIGN: We analyzed data from two consecutive populational studies assessing the prevalence of PCOS and a database containing all untreated PCOS patients evaluated at a university clinic between 1987 and 2002. SETTING: The study was conducted at a tertiary care center. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS: Participants included 675 women who participated in prevalence studies and 746 PCOS patients. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Populational prevalence of PCOS according to body mass index (BMI) and change in BMI of PCOS patients over time were measured. RESULTS: The prevalence rates of PCOS in underweight, normal-weight, overweight, and obese women were 8.2, 9.8, 9.9, and 9.0%, respectively. Prevalence rates reached 12.4 and 11.5% in women with BMI 35-40 kg/m2 and greater than 40 kg/m2 (P = NS). The mean BMI of PCOS patients diagnosed between 1987 and 2002 rose, beginning in 1997 and reaching 37.3 +/- 9.9 kg/m2 in 2000-2002, paralleling the change in BMI of the surrounding population (10-14% obesity rate in 1987, 15-19% in 1997, and 25% or greater in 2002). CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that the risk of PCOS is only minimally increased with obesity, although the degree of obesity of PCOS patients has increased, similar to that observed in the general population. These data indicate that obesity in PCOS reflects environmental factors to a great extent.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
PCOS is prevalent across body sizes.
“despite PCOS being prevalent across body sizes [18,46].”
From Moving beyond Weight: A Narrative Review of the Dietary and Lifestyle Management for Reducing Cardiometabolic Risk in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) (2023) · cites this paper as [46]
Cites
(2000) · PubMed · Cited by 13,173 · see citing works
Obesity : Preventing and managing the global epidemic
Akram, D. S., Astrup, A. V., Atinmo, T., Boissin, J.-L., Bray, G. A., Carroll, K. N., Chitson, P., Chen, C., Dietz, W. H., Hill, J. O., et al. (2000) · Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) · Cited by 12,945 · see citing works
Wang, Y., & Beydoun, M. A. (2007) · Epidemiologic Reviews · doi:10.1093/epirev/mxm007 · Cited by 2,779 · see citing works
The Prevalence and Features of the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in an Unselected Population
Azziz, R., Woods, K. S., Reyna, R., Key, T. J., Knochenhauer, E. S., & Yıldız, B. O. (2004) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2003-032046 · Cited by 2,715 · see citing works
Self-citationKnochenhauer, E. S., Key, T. J., Kahsar-Miller, M., Waggoner, W., Boots, L. R., & Azziz, R. (1998) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.83.9.5090 · Cited by 1,568 · see citing works
Self-citationAsunción, M., Calvo, R. M., Millán, J. L. S., Sancho, J., Ávila, S., & Escobar-Morreale, H. F. (2000) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.85.7.6682 · Cited by 1,328 · see citing works
Knochenhauer, E. (1998) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.83.9.3078 · Cited by 1,134 · see citing works
Self-citationAndrogen Excess in Women: Experience with Over 1000 Consecutive Patients
Azziz, R., Sanchez, L. A., Knochenhauer, E. S., Moran, C., Lazenby, J., Stephens, K. C., Taylor, K., & Boots, L. R. (2004) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2003-031122 · Cited by 1,132 · see citing works
Self-citationDiamanti‐Kandarakis, E., Kouli, C., Bergiele, A. T., Filandra, F. A., Tsianateli, T. C., Spina, G., Zapanti, E. D., & Bartzis, M. I. (1999) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.84.11.6148 · Cited by 1,107 · see citing works
Andrology: Polycystic ovary syndrome: the spectrum of the disorder in 1741 patients
Balen, A. H., Conway, G. S., Kaltsas, G., Techatraisak, K., Manning, P. J., West, C., & Jacobs, H. S. (1995) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a136243 · Cited by 1,060 · see citing works
Clark, A. M., Thornley, B., Tomlinson, L., Galletley, C., & Norman, R. J. (1998) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/humrep/13.6.1502 · Cited by 789 · see citing works
Obesity and polycystic ovary syndrome
Barber, T., McCarthy, M. I., Wass, J. A. H., & Franks, S. (2006) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.2006.02587.x · Cited by 655 · see citing works
Clark, A. M., Ledger, W., Galletly, C., Tomlinson, L., Blaney, F., Wang, X., & Norman, R. J. (1995) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a135772 · Cited by 642 · see citing works
Azziz, R., Ehrmann, D. A., Legro, R. S., Whitcomb, R. W., Hanley, R. M., Fereshetian, A. G., O’Keefe, M., & Ghazzi, M. N. (2001) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.86.4.7375 · Cited by 537 · see citing works
Self-citationAzziz, R., Marin, C., Hoq, L., Badamgarav, E., & Song, P. (2005) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2005-0628 · Cited by 537 · see citing works
Self-citationObesity and androgens: facts and perspectives
Pasquali, R. (2006) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.10.054 · Cited by 469 · see citing works
Polycystic ovary syndrome and cardiovascular disease: a premature association?
Legro, R. S. (2003) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/er.2003-0004 · Cited by 466 · see citing works
Broekmans, F. J., Knauff, E. A. H., Valkenburg, O., Laven, J. S. E., Eijkemans, M. J. C., & Fauser, B. C. J. M. (2006) · BJOG An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology · doi:10.1111/j.1471-0528.2006.01008.x · Cited by 445 · see citing works
Polycystic ovaries and associated clinical and biochemical features in young women
Michelmore, K. F., Balen, A. H., Dunger, D. B., & Vessey, M. P. (1999) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2265.1999.00886.x · Cited by 433 · see citing works
Insulin resistance, polycystic ovary syndrome, and type 2 diabetes mellitus
Ovalle, F., & Azziz, R. (2002) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/s0015-0282(02)03111-4 · Cited by 428 · see citing works
Self-citationEpidemiology of infertility and polycystic ovarian disease: endocrinological and demographic studies
Hull, M. G. R. (1987) · Gynecological Endocrinology · doi:10.3109/09513598709023610 · Cited by 423 · see citing works
Epidemiology, Trends, and Morbidities of Obesity and the Metabolic Syndrome
Bray, G. A., & Bellanger, T. (2006) · Endocrine · doi:10.1385/endo:29:1:109 · Cited by 419 · see citing works
Polycystic ovary syndrome and endometrial carcinoma
Hardiman, P. J., Pillay, O., & Atiomo, W. (2003) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(03)13409-5 · Cited by 414 · see citing works
Azziz, R. (2001) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.86.4.1626 · Cited by 378 · see citing works
Self-citationPrevalence and Characteristics of the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Overweight and Obese Women
Álvarez‐Blasco, F., Botella-Carretero, J. I., Millán, J. L. S., & Escobar-Morreale, H. F. (2006) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.166.19.2081 · Cited by 348 · see citing works
Carmina, E., Chu, M. C., Longo, R. A., Rini, G. B., & Lobo, R. A. (2005) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2004-2279 · Cited by 274 · see citing works
Azziz, R., Hincapie, L. A., Knochenhauer, E. S., Dewailly, D., Fox, L., & Boots, L. R. (1999) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/s0015-0282(99)00383-0 · Cited by 244 · see citing works
Self-citationAdiponectin and resistin in PCOS: a clinical, biochemical and molecular genetic study
Escobar-Morreale, H. F. (2006) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/humrep/del146 · Cited by 200 · see citing works
Endothelial Dysfunction in PCOS: Role of Obesity and Adipose Hormones
Carmina, E., Orio, F., Palomba, S., Longo, R. A., Cascella, T., Colao, A. A. L., Lombardi, G., Rini, G. B., & Løbo, R. A. (2006) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2005.10.059 · Cited by 199 · see citing works
Diagnostic Criteria in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Legro, R. S. (2003) · Seminars in Reproductive Medicine · doi:10.1055/s-2003-43304 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Boots, L. R., Potter, S., Potter, H. D., & Azziz, R. (1998) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/s0015-0282(97)00464-0 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Self-citationVgontzas, A. N., Trakada, G., Bixler, E. O., Lin, H.-M., Pejovic, S., Zoumakis, E., Chrousos, G. P., & Legro, R. S. (2006) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2006.04.002 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Legro, R. S., Myers, E. R., Barnhart, H. X., Carson, S. A., Diamond, M. P., Carr, B. R., Schlaff, W. D., Coutifaris, C., McGovern, P. G., Cataldo, N. A., et al. (2006) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2006.03.037 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Serum and adipocyte resistin in polycystic ovary syndrome with insulin resistance
Seow, K. (2003) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/humrep/deh010 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Taponen, S. (2004) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/humrep/deh214 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Hahn, S., Tan, S., Elsenbruch, S., Quadbeck, B., Herrmann, B. L., Mann, K., & Janssen, O. E. (2005) · Hormone and Metabolic Research · doi:10.1055/s-2005-870236 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Adrenal androgen excess in women: lack of a role for 17-hydroxylase and 17,20-lyase dysregulation
Azziz, R., Bradley, E. L., Potter, H. D., & Boots, L. R. (1995) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.80.2.7852496 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Self-citationLong-term metabolic, cardiovascular and neoplastic risks with polycystic ovary syndrome
Cattrall, F. R., & Healy, D. L. (2004) · Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology · doi:10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2004.05.005 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Azziz, R., Bradley, E. L., Potter, H. D., Parker, C. R., & Boots, L. R. (1995) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/0002-9378(95)91488-9 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Self-citationSepilian, V., Crochet, J. R., & Nagamani, M. (2006) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.10.038 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Sayın, N. C., Güçer, F., Balkanlı-Kaplan, P., Yuce, M. A., Çiftçi, Ş., Küçük, M., & Yardım, T. (2003) · PubMed · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Genetic and environmental origins of obesity relevant to reproduction
Franks, S. (2006) · Reproductive BioMedicine Online · doi:10.1016/s1472-6483(10)61177-7 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Decreased soluble leptin receptor levels in women with polycystic ovary syndrome
Hahn, S., Haselhorst, U., Quadbeck, B., Tan, S., Kimmig, R., Mann, K., & Janssen, O. E. (2006) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/eje.1.02078 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Lifestyle Choices, Diet, and Insulin Sensitizers in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Norman, R. J., Homan, G., Moran, L., & Noakes, M. (2006) · Endocrine · doi:10.1385/endo:30:1:35 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Diagnostic criteria for polycystic ovary syndrome
Kiran, Z. (2023) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-87932-3.00018-9 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 46 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals: An Endocrine Society Scientific Statement
Diamanti-Kandarakis, E., Bourguignon, J.-P., Giudice, L. C., Hauser, R., Prins, G. S., Soto, A. M., Zoeller, R. T., & Gore, A. C. (2009) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/er.2009-0002 · Cited by 4,585 · see citing works
Azziz, R., Carmina, E., Dewailly, D., Diamanti-Kandarakis, E., Escobar-Morreale, H. F., Futterweit, W., Janssen, O. E., Legro, R. S., Norman, R. J., Taylor, A. E., et al. (2009) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.06.035 · Cited by 2,132 · see citing works
Self-citationAzziz, R., Carmina, E., Chen, Z., Dunaif, A., Laven, J. S. E., Legro, R. S., Lizneva, D., Natterson-Horowtiz, B., Teede, H. J., & Yildiz, B. O. (2016) · Nature Reviews Disease Primers · doi:10.1038/nrdp.2016.57 · Cited by 2,005 · see citing works
Self-citationDiamanti-Kandarakis, E., & Dunaif, A. (2012) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/er.2011-1034 · Cited by 1,947 · see citing works
Legro, R. S., Arslanian, S. A., Ehrmann, D. A., Hoeger, K. M., Murad, M. H., Pasquali, R., & Welt, C. K. (2013) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2013-2350 · Cited by 1,919 · see citing works
Garvey, W. T., Mechanick, J. I., Brett, E. M., Garber, A. J., Hurley, D. L., Jastreboff, A. M., Nadolsky, K., Pessah-Pollack, R., & Plodkowski, R. (2016) · Endocrine Practice · doi:10.4158/ep161365.gl · Cited by 1,914 · see citing works
Polycystic ovary syndrome: etiology, pathogenesis and diagnosis
Goodarzi, M. O., Dumesic, D. A., Chazenbalk, G., & Azziz, R. (2011) · Nature Reviews Endocrinology · doi:10.1038/nrendo.2010.217 · Cited by 1,488 · see citing works
Self-citationEpidemiology, diagnosis, and management of polycystic ovary syndrome
Sirmans, S. M., & Pate, K. (2013) · Clinical Epidemiology · doi:10.2147/clep.s37559 · Cited by 1,301 · see citing works
Moran, L. J., Misso, M. L., Wild, R. A., & Norman, R. J. (2010) · Human Reproduction Update · doi:10.1093/humupd/dmq001 · Cited by 1,108 · see citing works
Endocrine disrupting chemicals and disease susceptibility
Schug, T. T., Janesick, A., Blumberg, B., & Heindel, J. J. (2011) · The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2011.08.007 · Cited by 1,093 · see citing works
Dumesic, D. A., Oberfield, S. E., Stener-Victorin, E., Marshall, J. C., Laven, J. S., & Legro, R. S. (2015) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/er.2015-1018 · Cited by 1,020 · see citing works
Lim, S. S., Davies, M. J., Norman, R. J., & Moran, L. J. (2012) · Human Reproduction Update · doi:10.1093/humupd/dms030 · Cited by 939 · see citing works
Obesity and female infertility: potential mediators of obesity's impact
Broughton, D. E., & Moley, K. H. (2017) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2017.01.017 · Cited by 845 · see citing works
Yildiz, B. O., Bozdag, G., Yapici, Z., Esinler, I., & Yarali, H. (2012) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/humrep/des232 · Cited by 704 · see citing works
The effect of obesity on polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Lim, S. S., Norman, R. J., Davies, M. J., & Moran, L. J. (2013) · Obesity Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.1467-789x.2012.01053.x · Cited by 539 · see citing works
Female reproductive disorders: the roles of endocrine-disrupting compounds and developmental timing
Crain, D. A., Janssen, S. J., Edwards, T. M., Heindel, J., Ho, S.-M., Hunt, P., Iguchi, T., Juul, A., McLachlan, J. A., Schwartz, J., et al. (2008) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.08.067 · Cited by 465 · see citing works
Sex differences in obesity and the regulation of energy homeostasis
Lovejoy, J. C., Sainsbury, A., & the Stock Conference 2008 Working Group (2009) · Obesity Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.1467-789x.2008.00529.x · Cited by 422 · see citing works
Leeners, B., Geary, N., Tobler, P. N., & Asarian, L. (2017) · Human Reproduction Update · doi:10.1093/humupd/dmw045 · Cited by 407 · see citing works
Sermondade, N., Huberlant, S., Bourhis-Lefebvre, V., Arbo, E., Gallot, V., Colombani, M., & Fréour, T. (2019) · Human Reproduction Update · doi:10.1093/humupd/dmz011 · Cited by 397 · see citing works
Insulin and hyperandrogenism in women with polycystic ovary syndrome
Baptiste, C. G., Battista, M., Trottier, A., & Baillargeon, J. (2009) · The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2009.12.010 · Cited by 368 · see citing works
Teede, H. J., Joham, A. E., Paul, E., Moran, L. J., Loxton, D., Jolley, D., & Lombard, C. (2013) · Obesity · doi:10.1002/oby.20213 · Cited by 351 · see citing works
Armanini, D., Boscaro, M., Bordin, L., & Sabbadin, C. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms23084110 · Cited by 324 · see citing works
Kinlen, D., Cody, D., & O’Shea, D. (2018) · QJM: An International Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1093/qjmed/hcx152 · Cited by 308 · see citing works
Deconstructing a Syndrome: Genomic Insights Into PCOS Causal Mechanisms and Classification
Dapas, M., & Dunaif, A. (2022) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/endrev/bnac001 · Cited by 300 · see citing works
Obesity and PCOS: Implications for Diagnosis and Treatment
Legro, R. S. (2012) · Seminars in Reproductive Medicine · doi:10.1055/s-0032-1328878 · Cited by 280 · see citing works
Sir-Petermann, T., Codner, E., Pérez, V., Echiburú, B., Maliqueo, M., Ladrón de Guevara, A., Preisler, J., Crisosto, N., Sánchez, F., Cassorla, F., et al. (2009) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2008-2836 · Cited by 260 · see citing works
Hoeger, K., Davidson, K., Kochman, L., Cherry, T., Kopin, L., & Guzick, D. S. (2008) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2008-0461 · Cited by 256 · see citing works
Metabolic risk in PCOS: Phenotype and adiposity impact
Moran, L. J., Norman, R. J., & Teede, H. J. (2015) · Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.tem.2014.12.003 · Cited by 245 · see citing works
Obesity and reproduction: a committee opinion
Penzias, A. S., Azziz, R., Bendikson, K. A., Falcone, T., Hansen, K. R., Hill, M. J., Jindal, S., Kalra, S. K., Mersereau, J. E., Reindollar, R. H., et al. (2021) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2021.08.018 · Cited by 239 · see citing works
Self-citationHaththotuwa, R. N., Wijeyaratne, C. N., & Senarath, U. (2020) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-817921-5.00001-1 · Cited by 242 · see citing works
Salamun, V., Jensterle, M., Janez, A., & Vrtacnik Bokal, E. (2018) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/eje-18-0175 · Cited by 204 · see citing works
Polycystic ovary syndrome as a metabolic disease
Helvacı, N., & Yıldız, B. O. (2024) · Nature Reviews Endocrinology · doi:10.1038/s41574-024-01057-w · Cited by 201 · see citing works
Referral Bias in Defining the Phenotype and Prevalence of Obesity in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Ezeh, U., Yildiz, B. O., & Azziz, R. (2013) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2013-1295 · Cited by 193 · see citing works
Self-citationStress, female reproduction and pregnancy
Valsamakis, G., Chrousos, G. P., & Mastorakos, G. P. (2018) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.09.031 · Cited by 189 · see citing works
Lifestyle Modification Programs in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Domecq, J. P., Prutsky, G., Mullan, R. J., Hazem, A., Sundaresh, V., Elamin, M. B., Phung, O. J., Wang, A., Hoeger, K., Pasquali, R., et al. (2013) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2013-2385 · Cited by 184 · see citing works
Ollila, M.-M. E., Piltonen, T., Puukka, K., Ruokonen, A., Järvelin, M.-R., Tapanainen, J. S., Franks, S., & Morin-Papunen, L. (2016) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2015-3543 · Cited by 182 · see citing works
Elkind-Hirsch, K. E., Chappell, N., Shaler, D., Storment, J., & Bellanger, D. (2022) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2022.04.027 · Cited by 182 · see citing works
Characteristics of polycystic ovary syndrome throughout life
Louwers, Y. V., & Laven, J. S. E. (2020) · Therapeutic Advances in Reproductive Health · doi:10.1177/2633494120911038 · Cited by 193 · see citing works
Jedel, E., Wærn, M., Gustafson, D., Landén, M., Eriksson, E., Holm, G., Nilsson, L., Lind, A. K., Janson, P. O., & Stener‐Victorin, E. (2009) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/humrep/dep384 · Cited by 176 · see citing works
Polycystic ovary syndrome: An ancient disorder?
Azziz, R., Dumesic, D. A., & Goodarzi, M. O. (2011) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2010.09.032 · Cited by 164 · see citing works
Self-citationEnvironmental determinants of polycystic ovary syndrome
Merkin, S. S., Phy, J. L., Sites, C. K., & Yang, D. (2016) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2016.05.011 · Cited by 158 · see citing works
Polycystic ovary syndrome and risk of endometrial, ovarian, and breast cancer: a systematic review
Harris, H. R., & Terry, K. L. (2016) · Fertility Research and Practice · doi:10.1186/s40738-016-0029-2 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
Childhood Obesity and Its Impact on the Development of Adolescent PCOS
Anderson, A., Solorzano, C. M. B., & McCartney, C. R. (2014) · Seminars in Reproductive Medicine · doi:10.1055/s-0034-1371092 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Baranova, A. V., Tran, T., Birerdinc, A., & Younossi, Z. M. (2011) · Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2036.2011.04579.x · Cited by 146 · see citing works
Use of metformin in polycystic ovary syndrome
Mathur, R., Alexander, C. J., Yano, J., Trivax, B., & Azziz, R. (2008) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2008.09.010 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
Self-citationDefining hirsutism in Chinese women: a cross-sectional study
Zhao, X., Ni, R., Li, L., Mo, Y., Huang, J., Huang, M., Azziz, R., & Yang, D. (2011) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2011.06.040 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Self-citationDiamanti‐Kandarakis, E. (2006) · Endocrine · doi:10.1385/endo:30:1:13 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Orio, F., Muscogiuri, G., Nese, C., Palomba, S., Savastano, S., Tafuri, D., Colarieti, G., La Sala, G., Colao, A., & Yildiz, B. O. (2016) · European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology · doi:10.1016/j.ejogrb.2016.08.026 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
The mental health of women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Yin, X., Ji, Y., Chan, C., & Chan, C. (2020) · Archives of Women s Mental Health · doi:10.1007/s00737-020-01043-x · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Adipose Tissue Dysfunction in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Bril, F., Ezeh, U., Amiri, M., Hatoum, S., Pace, L., Chen, Y.-H., Bertrand, F., Gower, B., & Azziz, R. (2023) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/clinem/dgad356 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Self-citationRossi, B., Sukalich, S., Droz, J., Griffin, A., Cook, S., Blumkin, A., Guzick, D. S., & Hoeger, K. M. (2008) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2008-1198 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Pall, M., Azziz, R., Beires, J., & Pignatelli, D. (2010) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2009.06.025 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Self-citationOntogeny of the ovary in polycystic ovary syndrome
Dumesic, D. A., & Richards, J. S. (2013) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.02.011 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Conway, G., Dewailly, D., Diamanti-Kandarakis, E., Escobar-Morreale, H. F., Franks, S., Gambineri, A., Kelestimur, F., Macut, D., Micic, D., Pasquali, R., et al. (2014) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/eje-14-0252 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Lin, A., Kazemi, M., Jarrett, B. Y., Brink, H. V., Hoeger, K. M., Spandorfer, S. D., & Lujan, M. E. (2019) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu11112711 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Reproductive health of women electing bariatric surgery
Gosman, G. G., King, W. C., Schrope, B., Steffen, K. J., Strain, G. W., Courcoulas, A. P., Flum, D. R., Pender, J. R., & Simhan, H. N. (2009) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2009.08.028 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Puurunen, J., Piltonen, T., Morin-Papunen, L., Perheentupa, A., Järvelä, I., Ruokonen, A., & Tapanainen, J. S. (2011) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2011-0039 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Rofey, D. L., Szigethy, E. M., Noll, R. B., Dahl, R. E., lobst, E., & Arslanian, S. A. (2008) · Journal of Pediatric Psychology · doi:10.1093/jpepsy/jsn057 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Jensterle, M., Salamun, V., Kocjan, T., Vrtacnik Bokal, E., & Janez, A. (2015) · Journal of Ovarian Research · doi:10.1186/s13048-015-0161-3 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Kamenov, Z., & Gateva, A. (2020) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules25235566 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
“The prevalence of obesity in PCOS varies between 30% and 70% depending on ethnicity and criteria for PCOS diagnosis [26,27].”
BackgroundSurvey of diabetes knowledge and practices of dental hygienists.
Boyd, L. D., & Hartman-Cunningham, M. L. (2008) · PubMed · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Ocular and systemic findings in a survey of aniridia subjects
Netland, P. A., Scott, M. L., Boyle, J. W., & Lauderdale, J. D. (2011) · Journal of American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus · doi:10.1016/j.jaapos.2011.07.009 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Józkowiak, M., Piotrowska‐Kempisty, H., Kobylarek, D., Gorska, N., Mozdziak, P. E., Kempisty, B., Rachoń, D., & Spaczyński, R. (2022) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells12010174 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Burden of polycystic ovary syndrome in the Middle East and North Africa region, 1990–2019
Asghari, K. M., Nejadghaderi, S. A., Alizadeh, M., Sanaie, S., Sullman, M. J. M., Kolahi, A., Avery, J., & Safiri, S. (2022) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-022-11006-0 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Mueller, A., Schöfl, C., Dittrich, R., Cupisti, S., Oppelt, P. G., Schild, R., Beckmann, M. W., & Häberle, L. (2009) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/humrep/dep285 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Effect of maternal PCOS and PCOS-like phenotype on the offspring's health
Puttabyatappa, M., Cardoso, R. C., & Padmanabhan, V. (2015) · Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.mce.2015.11.030 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Moran, L. J., Tassone, E. C., Boyle, J., Brennan, L., Harrison, C. L., Hirschberg, A. L., Lim, S., Marsh, K., Misso, M. L., Redman, L., et al. (2020) · Obesity Reviews · doi:10.1111/obr.13046 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Obesity and Reproductive Implications
Hirschberg, A. L. (2009) · Women s Health · doi:10.2217/whe.09.39 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Chinese Herbal Medicine for the Optimal Management of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Ong, M., Peng, J., Jin, X., & Qu, X. (2017) · The American Journal of Chinese Medicine · doi:10.1142/s0192415x17500252 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
The role of androgens in women's health and wellbeing
Bianchi, V. E., Bresciani, E., Meanti, R., Rizzi, L., Omeljaniuk, R. J., & Torsello, A. (2021) · Pharmacological Research · doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105758 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Role of Metformin in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): Related Infertility
Attia, G. M., Almouteri, M. M., & Alnakhli, F. T. (2023) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.44493 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Shafiee, M. N., Seedhouse, C., Mongan, N. P., Chapman, C. J., Deen, S., Abu, J., & Atiomo, W. (2016) · Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.mce.2016.01.019 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Periodontal disease in polycystic ovary syndrome
Dursun, E., Akalın, F. A., Güncü, G. N., Çınar, N., Aksoy, D., Tözüm, T. F., Kılınç, K., & Yıldız, B. O. (2010) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2010.07.1052 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Polycystic ovary syndrome: A review for dermatologists
Housman, E., & Reynolds, R. V. (2014) · Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2014.05.007 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Obesity and the development of type 2 diabetes: the effects of fatty tissue inflammation
Schuster, D. (2010) · Diabetes Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity · doi:10.2147/dmsott.s7354 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Geller, D. H., Pacaud, D., Gordon, C. M., & Misra, M. (2011) · International Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology · doi:10.1186/1687-9856-2011-9 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Prevalence of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Hyperandrogenemia in Female-to-Male Transsexuals
Mueller, A., Gooren, L. J., Naton-Schötz, S., Cupisti, S., Beckmann, M. W., & Dittrich, R. (2008) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2007-2808 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Weight Management
Moran, L., Lombard, C. B., Lim, S. S., Noakes, M., & Teede, H. J. (2010) · Women s Health · doi:10.2217/whe.09.89 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
A cross sectional study of polycystic ovarian syndrome among young women in Bhopal, Central India
Gupta, M., Singh, D., Toppo, M., Priya, A., Sethia, S., & Gupta, P. (2017) · International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health · doi:10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20175603 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Santi, D., Lotti, F., Sparano, C., Rastrelli, G., Isidori, A. M., Pivonello, R., Barbonetti, A., Salonia, A., Minhas, S., Krausz, C. G., et al. (2023) · Andrology · doi:10.1111/andr.13460 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Obesity-associated cardiovascular risk in women: hypertension and heart failure
Faulkner, J. (2021) · Clinical Science · doi:10.1042/cs20210384 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Menstrual Concerns and Intrauterine Contraception Among Adolescent Bariatric Surgery Patients
Hillman, J. B., Miller, R. J., & Inge, T. H. (2011) · Journal of Women s Health · doi:10.1089/jwh.2010.2462 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Metabolic syndrome and polycystic ovary syndrome... and vice versa
Kandaraki, E., Christakou, C. D., & Diamanti‐Kandarakis, E. (2009) · Arquivos Brasileiros de Endocrinologia & Metabologia · doi:10.1590/s0004-27302009000200014 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Steckler, T. L., Herkimer, C., Dumesic, D. A., & Padmanabhan, V. (2008) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2008-1256 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Urinary concentration of personal care products and polycystic ovary syndrome: A case-control study
Gu, J., Yuan, T., Ni, N., Ma, Y., Shen, Z., Yu, X., Shi, R., Tian, Y., Zhou, W., & Zhang, J. (2018) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2018.09.014 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Cardiometabolic Risk in PCOS: More than a Reproductive Disorder
Torchen, L. C. (2017) · Current Diabetes Reports · doi:10.1007/s11892-017-0956-2 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Chazenbalk, G. D., Trivax, B., Yıldız, B. O., Bertolotto, C., Mathur, R., Heneidi, S. G., & Azziz, R. (2010) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2009-1158 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Self-citationIdentification and treatment of metabolic complications in pediatric obesity
Ode, K. L., Frohnert, B. I., & Nathan, B. M. (2009) · Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders · doi:10.1007/s11154-009-9115-7 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Cardiometabolic risk in polycystic ovary syndrome
Studen, K. B., & Pfeifer, M. (2018) · Endocrine Connections · doi:10.1530/ec-18-0129 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Polycystic ovary syndrome as a plausible evolutionary outcome of metabolic adaptation
Dumesic, D. A., Padmanabhan, V., Chazenbalk, G. D., & Abbott, D. H. (2022) · Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology · doi:10.1186/s12958-021-00878-y · Cited by 63 · see citing works
The Characterization of Obese Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Rat Model Suitable for Exercise Intervention
Wu, C., Lin, F., Qiu, S., & Jiang, Z. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0099155 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
MANAGEMENT OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: Polycystic ovary syndrome and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Μacut, D., Antić, I. B., Bjekić-Macut, J., & Τζιόμαλος, Κ. (2017) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/eje-16-1063 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Abbara, A., Eng, P. C., Phylactou, M., Clarke, S. A., Hunjan, T., Roberts, R. E., Vimalesvaran, S., Christopoulos, G., Islam, R., Purugganan, K., et al. (2019) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2019.00656 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Anthropometric characteristics and dietary pattern of women with polycystic ovary syndrome
Akbarzadeh, M., Ahmadi, A., Mohammadi, F., Akbari, M., Jafari, B., & Tolide-ie, H. (2013) · Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.4103/2230-8210.113759 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Cupisti, S., Giltay, E. J., Gooren, L. J., Kronawitter, D., Oppelt, P. G., Beckmann, M. W., Dittrich, R., & Mueller, A. (2010) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2010.03.048 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Diagnosis and management of polycystic ovarian syndrome
Dason, E. S., Koshkina, O., Chan, C., & Sobel, M. L. (2024) · Canadian Medical Association Journal · doi:10.1503/cmaj.231251 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Metabolic syndrome and metabolic risk profile according to polycystic ovary syndrome phenotype
Bil, E., Dilbaz, B., Cırık, D. A., Özelçi, R., Özkaya, E., & Dilbaz, S. (2016) · Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research · doi:10.1111/jog.12985 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Prevalence of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Patients With Pediatric Type 2 Diabetes
Cioana, M., Deng, J., Nadarajah, A., Hou, M., Qiu, Y., Chen, S. S. J., Rivas, A., Banfield, L. E., Alfaraidi, H., Alotaibi, A., et al. (2022) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.47454 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Association Between Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, Overweight, and Metabolic Syndrome in Adolescents
Rahmanpour, H., Jamal, L., Mousavinasab, S. N., Esmaeilzadeh, A., & Azarkhish, K. (2012) · Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology · doi:10.1016/j.jpag.2012.02.004 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Obesity and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Kim, J. (2024) · Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome · doi:10.7570/jomes24035 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
- Authors
- Yildiz, B. O., Knochenhauer, E. S., & Azziz, R.
- Affiliations
- Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, and Metabolism Unit (B.O.Y.), Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Hacettepe, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
- Staten Island University Hospital (US)
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Azziz, Ricardo
- ORCID
- Azziz, Ricardo
- Venue
- The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
- Publisher
- The Endocrine Society
- Published
- 2008-01-01
- Volume
- 93
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 162-168
- ISSN
- 0021-972X (ISSN-L)
- 1945-7197
- PMC
- PMC2190739
- OpenAlex
- W2101492737
- Cited by
- 401
- References
- 46
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 27 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 28 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 27 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 23 · 2014: 24 · 2013: 22 · 2012: 35
- FWCI
- 20.63
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Hacettepe University Institutional Repository (hacettepe.edu.tr) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (K24HD001346, R01HD029364, K24 HD 01346, R01-HD29364)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Ovarian function and disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Keywords
- polycystic ovary syndrome, obesity, body mass index, PCOS prevalence, overweight, environmental factors, adiposity
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Alabama, Androstenedione, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Progesterone, Prolactin, Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin, Testosterone, Thyrotropin, Body Mass Index, Prevalence, Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate, 17-alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
