Cited by 196interferon and immune responsesImmune Response and InflammationCytokine Signaling Pathways and Interactions

Interferons: Signaling, antiviral and viral evasion

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Bonjardim, Cláudio A., Ferreira, Paulo C.P., Kroon, Erna G.·2009·Immunology Letters

Abstract

Interferons (IFNs) were discovered as antiviral agents 50 years ago, and enormous progress has been made since then. Nowadays, IFNs (specifically type I IFNs), have been ascribed as the cytokines that bridge the innate and adaptive immunity soon after the recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) by the infected host. Notably, a unifying mechanism for type I IFN production has been established upon innate immune detection. Thus, TLR 3, 4, 7 and 9 associate endosomal recognition of PAMPs to type I IFN responses, a mechanism that has been shown in plasmacytoid dendritic cells to be dependent on the PI3K/mTOR/S6K pathway. It is worth noting that pathogen recognition triggers a fine-tuned controlled program that not only includes the production of antiviral (IFN) and pro-inflammatory cytokines to initiate the antiviral response but also signals the cessation of the response through the induction of suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS). SOCS in turn is under tight regulation of the TAM receptors (protein tyrosine kinase receptors TYRO3, AXL and MER), and activation of which thereby protects the host from the threats of autoimmune diseases.

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Authors
Bonjardim, C. A., Ferreira, P. C. P., & Kroon, E. G.
Affiliations
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (BR)
Corresponding author
Bonjardim, Cláudio A.
Venue
Immunology Letters
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2009-01
Volume
122
Issue
1
Pages
1-11
ISSN
0165-2478 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2020464368
Cited by
196
References
163
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 19 · 2012: 23
FWCI
1.10
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Immunology Letters (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › interferon and immune responses
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune Response and Inflammation
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cytokine Signaling Pathways and Interactions
Keywords
interferon, type I interferon, antiviral signaling, viral evasion, innate immunity, adaptive immunity, pathogen-associated molecular patterns, Toll-like receptors, plasmacytoid dendritic cells, suppressor of cytokine signaling, TAM receptors, autoimmune disease
MeSH terms
Animals, Humans, Immunity, Innate, Interferon Type I, Endosomes, Virus Diseases, Signal Transduction, Feedback, Physiological, Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling Proteins, Toll-Like Receptors, Host-Pathogen Interactions

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