Cited by 67Advanced Proteomics Techniques and ApplicationsMass Spectrometry Techniques and ApplicationsAdvanced Biosensing Techniques and Applications

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 151 of the 160 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; none of the 140 sources its claims cite is checked for support yet.

The Impact of Mass Spectrometry–Based Proteomics on Fundamental Discoveries in Virology

Open access
Greco, Todd M., Diner, Benjamin A., Cristea, Ileana M.·2014·Annual Review of Virology

Abstract

In recent years, mass spectrometry has emerged as a core component of fundamental discoveries in virology. As a consequence of their coevolution, viruses and host cells have established complex, dynamic interactions that function either in promoting virus replication and dissemination or in host defense against invading pathogens. Thus, viral infection triggers an impressive range of proteome changes. Alterations in protein abundances, interactions, posttranslational modifications, subcellular localizations, and secretion are temporally regulated during the progression of an infection. Consequently, understanding viral infection at the molecular level requires versatile approaches that afford both breadth and depth of analysis. Mass spectrometry is uniquely positioned to bridge this experimental dichotomy. Its application to both unbiased systems analyses and targeted, hypothesis-driven studies has accelerated discoveries in viral pathogenesis and host defense. Here, we review the contributions of mass spectrometry–based proteomic approaches to understanding viral morphogenesis, replication, and assembly and to characterizing host responses to infection.

Overview

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Crossref · 10.1146/annurev-virology-031413-085527

Cites

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  • Interpretationreasoning

    Mass spectrometry has become a central tool in fundamental virology discoveries.

    “In recent years, mass spectrometry has emerged as a core component of fundamental discoveries in virology.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
  • Premisecitation

    Deeper proteomic analyses have been conducted on mammalian herpesviruses including human and murine cytomegaloviruses, herpes simplex viruses, Epstein-Barr virus, and pseudorabies virus.

    “Subsequently, deeper proteomic analyses have been conducted on mammalian herpesviruses, such as human (8) and murine (5) cytomegaloviruses, herpes simplex viruses (7, 9, 15), Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) (4), and pseudorabies virus (PRV) (6).”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 5 sources checked
    • cites [8] Varnum SM, Streblow DN, Monroe ME, Smith P, Auberry KJ, 2004 Identification of proteinsin human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) particles: the HCMV proteome. J. Virol 78: 10960– 66 15452216 PMC521840 source
    • cites [5] Kattenhorn LM, Mills R, Wagner M, Lomsadze A, Makeev V, 2004 Identification of proteins associated with murine cytomegalovirus virions. J. Virol 78: 11187– 97 15452238 PMC521832 source
    • cites [7] Loret S, Guay G, Lippé R. 2008 Comprehensive characterization of extracellular herpes simplex virus type 1 virions. J. Virol 82: 8605– 18 18596102 PMC2519676 source
    • cites [9] Vidick S, Leroy B, Palmeira L, Machiels B, Mast J, 2013 Proteomic characterization of murid herpesvirus 4 extracellular virions. PLoS ONE 8: e83842 PMC3875534 24386290 source
    • cites [15] Terrand J, Bruban V, Zhou L, Gong W, El Asmar Z, 2009 LRP1 controls intracellular cholesterol storage and fatty acid synthesis through modulation of Wnt signaling. J. Biol. Chem 284: 381– 88 18990694 PMC2610522 source
  • Premisecitation

    Most virion compositional mass spectrometry studies have focused on viruses with high proteomic complexity, including Herpesviridae and Poxviridae.

    “For compositional analysis, most studies have focused on viruses with high proteomic complexity, including those in the families Herpesviridae (4–9) and Poxviridae (10–12).”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 9 sources checked
    • cites [4] Johannsen E, Luftig M, Chase MR, Weicksel S, Cahir-McFarland E, 2004 Proteins of purified Epstein–Barr virus. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 101: 16286– 91 15534216 PMC528973 source
    • cites [5] Kattenhorn LM, Mills R, Wagner M, Lomsadze A, Makeev V, 2004 Identification of proteins associated with murine cytomegalovirus virions. J. Virol 78: 11187– 97 15452238 PMC521832 source
    • cites [6] Kramer T, Greco TM, Enquist LW, Cristea IM. 2011 Proteomic characterization of pseudorabies virus extracellular virions. J. Virol 85: 6427– 41 21525350 PMC3126529 source
    • cites [7] Loret S, Guay G, Lippé R. 2008 Comprehensive characterization of extracellular herpes simplex virus type 1 virions. J. Virol 82: 8605– 18 18596102 PMC2519676 source
    • cites [8] Varnum SM, Streblow DN, Monroe ME, Smith P, Auberry KJ, 2004 Identification of proteinsin human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) particles: the HCMV proteome. J. Virol 78: 10960– 66 15452216 PMC521840 source
    • cites [9] Vidick S, Leroy B, Palmeira L, Machiels B, Mast J, 2013 Proteomic characterization of murid herpesvirus 4 extracellular virions. PLoS ONE 8: e83842 PMC3875534 24386290 source
    • cites [10] Chung CS, Chen CH, Ho MY, Huang CY, Liao CL, Chang W. 2006 Vaccinia virus proteome: identification of proteins in vaccinia virus intracellular mature virion particles. J. Virol 80: 2127– 40 16474121 PMC1395410 source
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  • Interpretationreasoning

    Applying mass spectrometry to unbiased and targeted studies has sped up discoveries about viral pathogenesis and host defense.

    “Its application to both unbiased systems analyses and targeted, hypothesis-driven studies has accelerated discoveries in viral pathogenesis and host defense.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim
  • Interpretationnone given

    Mass spectrometry has been a powerful method for characterizing the detailed protein composition and macromolecular structures of virions.

    “MS has provided a powerful means for characterizing their detailed protein composition and macromolecular structures (Figure 2).”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
  • It may state two separate claims as one. 32
  • Probably not a substantial claim. 17
  • It may state two separate claims as one.

    Premisecitation

    Technological advances in mass spectrometry instrumentation improved sensitivity, providing near-complete proteome coverage and access to low-abundance virion components.

    “Technological advances in MS instrumentation have improved the sensitivity of detection, providing near-complete proteome coverage and access to low-abundance virion components (6, 7, 16).”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 3 sources checked
    • cites [6] Kramer T, Greco TM, Enquist LW, Cristea IM. 2011 Proteomic characterization of pseudorabies virus extracellular virions. J. Virol 85: 6427– 41 21525350 PMC3126529 source
    • cites [7] Loret S, Guay G, Lippé R. 2008 Comprehensive characterization of extracellular herpes simplex virus type 1 virions. J. Virol 82: 8605– 18 18596102 PMC2519676 source
    • cites [16] Spurgers KB, Alefantis T, Peyser BD, Ruthel GT, Bergeron AA, 2010 Identification of essential filovirion-associated host factors by serial proteomic analysis and RNAi screen. Mol. Cell. Proteomics 9: 2690– 703 20702783 PMC3101857 source
  • Probably not a substantial claim. The paper may give no reason why it holds.

    Premisereasoning

    Viral infection causes a broad range of changes in the cellular proteome.

    “Thus, viral infection triggers an impressive range of proteome changes.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim
  • Probably not a substantial claim. The paper may give no reason why it holds.

    Premisenone given

    During infection, changes in protein abundance, interactions, posttranslational modifications, localization, and secretion are regulated over time.

    “Alterations in protein abundances, interactions, posttranslational modifications, subcellular localizations, and secretion are temporally regulated during the progression of an infection.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim
  • It may state two separate claims as one.

    Interpretationnone given

    Mass spectrometry studies have characterized virion composition and structure, virus-host protein interactions, global and subcellular proteome changes, infection-induced secretomes, and posttranslational modification functions.

    “As discussed in this review, MS studies have characterized virion composition and structure, virus-host protein interactions, global and subcellular proteome changes, infection-induced secretomes, and viral and cellular protein PTM functions.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
  • It may state two separate claims as one.

    Premisecitation

    Hydrogen/deuterium exchange rates supported increased protection in the beta-hairpin and NTD-CTD interface in mature virions, which had not formed in the Gag/CA5 structural intermediate.

    “H/D exchange rates supported increased protection in the β-hairpin and the NTD-CTD interface in mature virions, which interestingly had yet to form in the Gag/CA5 structural intermediate.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites [31] Monroe EB, Kang S, Kyere SK, Li R, Prevelige PE Jr. 2010 Hydrogen/deuterium exchange analysis of HIV-1 capsid assembly and maturation. Structure 18: 1489– 91 PMC2982214 21070947 source
  • It may state two separate claims as one.

    Premisereasoning

    Two-step tandem affinity purification reduces background contaminants and identifies stable interactions, but unlike single-step affinity purification it often cannot retain transient interactions.

    “Overall, the two-step TAP system reduces background contaminants and identifies stable interactions, but unlike single-step AP, it often cannot retain transient interactions.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim
  • It may state two separate claims as one.

    Premisecitation

    Cryogenic cell lysis and fast isolations on magnetic beads helped preserve complexes close to their original state, maximized viral bait isolation, and reduced nonspecific interactions.

    “Further advancements introduced through this AP-MS strategy were cryogenic cell lysis of infected cells and fast isolations on magnetic beads, which helped preserve complexes close to their original state in the cell, maximized viral bait isolation, and reduced nonspecific interactions (38).”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites [38] Cristea IM, Carroll JW, Rout MP, Rice CM, Chait BT, MacDonald MR. 2006 Tracking and elucidating Alphavirus-host protein interactions. J. Biol. Chem 281: 30269– 78 16895903 The first temporal AP-MS study of virus-host protein interactions during the progression of an infection. source
  • Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.

    Premisecitation

    Tandem affinity purification uses a dual epitope tag for successive immunoaffinity isolations and has been applied to interactions within virus-infected cells.

    “As the name implies, TAP uses a dual epitope tag for successive immunoaffinity isolations and has been applied to interactions within virus-infected cells (51–54).”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 4 sources checked
    • cites [51] Wagenaar TR, Moss B. 2007 Association of vaccinia virus fusion regulatory proteins with the multicomponent entry/fusion complex. J. Virol 81: 6286– 93 17409143 PMC1900102 source
    • cites [52] Tanaka M, Sata T, Kawaguchi Y. 2008 The product of the herpes simplex virus 1 UL7 gene interacts with a mitochondrial protein, adenine nucleotide translocator 2. Virol. J 5: 125 18940012 PMC2577096 source
    • cites [53] Mayer D, Molawi K, Martínez-Sobrido L, Ghanem A, Thomas S, 2007 Identification of cellular interaction partners of the influenza virus ribonucleoprotein complex and polymerase complex using proteomic-based approaches. J. Proteome Res 6: 672– 82 17269724 PMC2577182 source
    • cites [54] Yamayoshi S, Noda T, Ebihara H, Goto H, Morikawa Y, 2008 Ebola virus matrix protein VP40 uses the COPII transport system for its intracellular transport. Cell Host Microbe 3: 168– 77 18329616 PMC2330329 source
  • Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.

    Premisecitation

    The tandem affinity purification tag system was originally applied to yeast and subsequently extended to mammalian systems.

    “the tandem affinity purification (TAP) tag system, originally applied to characterizing multiprotein complexes inyeast(49)and subsequently extended to mammalian systems(50).”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 2 sources checked
    • cites [49] Rigaut G, Shevchenko A, Rutz B, Wilm M, Mann M, Séraphin B. 1999 A generic protein purification method for protein complex characterization and proteome exploration. Nat. Biotechnol 17: 1030– 32 10504710 source
    • cites [50] Ikura T, Ogryzko VV, Grigoriev M, Groisman R, Wang J, 2000 Involvement of the TIP60 histone acetylase complex in DNA repair and apoptosis. Cell 102: 463– 73 10966108 source
  • It may state two separate claims as one.

    Premisecitation

    The COPII complex component Sec24C was identified and validated by colocalization and reciprocal isolations, and its contribution to virus-like particle formation was demonstrated by knockdown.

    “The COPII complex component Sec24C was identified and validated by colocalization and reciprocal isolations, and its contribution to virus-like particle formation was demonstrated by knockdown studies (54).”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites [54] Yamayoshi S, Noda T, Ebihara H, Goto H, Morikawa Y, 2008 Ebola virus matrix protein VP40 uses the COPII transport system for its intracellular transport. Cell Host Microbe 3: 168– 77 18329616 PMC2330329 source
  • It may state two separate claims as one.

    Premisecitation

    pUL83 interacts with the interferon-inducible protein IFI16 and co-opts it for regulation of immediate-early gene expression.

    “Interestingly, pUL83 not only sequestered IFI16 but also co-opted it for regulation of immediate-early gene expression.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites [43] Cristea IM, Moorman NJ, Terhune SS, Cuevas CD, O’Keefe ES, 2010 Human cytomegalovirus pUL83 stimulates activity of the viral immediate-early promoter through its interaction with the cellular IFI16 protein. J. Virol 84: 7803– 14 20504932 PMC2897612 source
  • Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.

    Interpretationreasoning

    pUL99 associates with the ESCRT/TGN pathway, whereas pUL32 traffics in clathrin-coated vesicles.

    “The existing functional knowledge regarding these factors led to the model that pUL99 associates with the ESCRT/TGN pathway, whereas pUL32 traffics in clathrin-coated vesicles.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites [42] Moorman NJ, Sharon-Friling R, Shenk T, Cristea IM. 2010 A targeted spatial-temporal proteomics approach implicates multiple cellular trafficking pathways in human cytomegalovirus virion maturation. Mol. Cell. Proteomics 9: 851– 60 20023299 PMC2871419 source
  • It may state two separate claims as one.

    Premisecitation

    EphA2 was found in a functional complex with integrins, c-Cbl, and myosin IIA and was shown to impact macropinocytic entry and Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus trafficking.

    “EphA2 was found in a functional complex with integrins, c-Cbl, and myosin IIA and was further shown to impact macropinocytic entry and KSHV trafficking (64).”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites [64] Chakraborty S, Veettil MV, Bottero V, Chandran B. 2012 Kaposi’s sarcoma–associated herpesvirus interacts with EphrinA2 receptor to amplify signaling essential for productive infection. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 109: E1163–72 Mechanistic insight into macropinocytic entry facilitated by AP-MS of viral entry complexes at 5 min postinfection. PMC3358903 22509030 source
  • It may state two separate claims as one.

    Premisecitation

    Human cytomegalovirus pUL11 binds the receptor tyrosine phosphatase CD45, reduces tyrosine phosphorylation, and inhibits T cell proliferation.

    “pUL11 binding reduced tyrosine phosphorylation, leading to inhibition of T cell proliferation (66).”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites [66] Gabaev I, Steinbrück L, Pokoyski C, Pich A, Stanton RJ, 2011 The human cytomegalovirus UL11 protein interacts with the receptor tyrosine phosphatase CD45, resulting in functional paralysis of T cells. PLoS Pathog. 7: e1002432 PMC3234252 22174689 source
  • Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.

    Premisecitation

    Virus-centric repositories have been established, including ViralZone and VirusMINT, and GPS-Prot focuses on HIV-host interactions.

    “Virus-centric repositories have also been established, including ViralZone(97) and VirusMINT (98), as well as GPS-Prot, which focuses on HIV-host interactions (99).”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 3 sources checked
    • cites [97] Hulo C, de Castro E, Masson P, Bougueleret L, Bairoch A, 2011 ViralZone: a knowledge resource to understand virus diversity. Nucleic Acids Res. 39: D576– 82 20947564 PMC3013774 source
    • cites [98] Chatr-aryamontri A, Ceol A, Peluso D, Nardozza A, Panni S, 2009 VirusMINT: a viral protein interaction database. Nucleic Acids Res. 37: D669– 73 18974184 PMC2686573 source
    • cites [99] Fahey ME, Bennett MJ, Mahon C, Jäger S, Pache L, 2011 GPS-Prot: a web-based visualization platform for integrating host-pathogen interaction data. BMC Bioinform. 12: 298 PMC3213248 21777475 source
  • Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.

    Premisecitation

    Bioinformatic network tools including STRING and GeneMania can score direct and indirect protein functional relationships using public database repositories such as IntAct and Reactome.

    “Bioinformatic network tools, including STRING and GeneMania (93, 94), can score direct and indirect protein functional relationships using public database repositories, such as IntAct and Reactome (95, 96).”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 4 sources checked
    • cites [93] Zuberi K, Franz M, Rodriguez H, Montojo J, Lopes CT, 2013 GeneMANIA prediction server 2013 update. Nucleic Acids Res. 41: W115– 22 23794635 PMC3692113 source
    • cites [94] Franceschini A, Szklarczyk D, Frankild S, Kuhn M, Simonovic M, 2013 STRING v9.1: protein-protein interaction networks, with increased coverage and integration. Nucleic Acids Res. 41: D808– 15 23203871 PMC3531103 source
    • cites [95] Croft D, Mundo AF, Haw R, Milacic M, Weiser J, 2014 The Reactome pathway knowledgebase. Nucleic Acids Res. 42: D472– 77 24243840 PMC3965010 source
    • cites [96] Aranda B, Achuthan P, Alam-Faruque Y, Armean I, Bridge A, 2010 The IntAct molecular interaction database in 2010. Nucleic Acids Res. 38: D525– 31 19850723 PMC2808934 source
  • Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.

    Premisecitation

    MiST distinguished high-confidence virus-host protein interactions of epitope-tagged HIV proteins individually expressed in human cells.

    “Another interaction specificity predictor, MiST, distinguished high-confidence virus-host protein interactions of epitope-tagged HIV proteins individually expressed in human cells (61).”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites [61] Jäger S, Cimermančič P, Gulbahce N, Johnson JR, McGovern KE, 2012 Global landscape of HIV-human protein complexes. Nature 481: 365– 70 PMC3310911 22190034 First interactome of all proteins encoded by a viral genome using individually expressed viral proteins. source
  • It may state two separate claims as one.

    Premisecitation

    During human cytomegalovirus infection, viral glycoprotein gB localized to endosomes, and all three proteins merged within a large virion assembly structure late in infection.

    “Interestingly, at the same time, the viral glycoprotein gB localized to endosomes, and it was not until late in infection that all three proteins merged within a large virion assembly structure (42).”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites [42] Moorman NJ, Sharon-Friling R, Shenk T, Cristea IM. 2010 A targeted spatial-temporal proteomics approach implicates multiple cellular trafficking pathways in human cytomegalovirus virion maturation. Mol. Cell. Proteomics 9: 851– 60 20023299 PMC2871419 source
  • It may state two separate claims as one.

    Premisecitation

    Mass spectrometry and ribosome occupancy profiling identified and temporally resolved more than 50 previously unreported human cytomegalovirus polypeptides and more than 550 transcripts during infection.

    “Recently, MS and ribosome occupancy profiling were used to identify and temporally resolve unique, previously unreported HCMV polypeptides (>50) and transcripts (>550) during infection (101).”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites [101] Stern-Ginossar N, Weisburd B, Michalski A, Le VT, Hein MY, 2012 Decoding human cytomegalovirus. Science 338: 1088– 93 23180859 PMC3817102 Combination of transcriptomics and proteomics identifies novel viral translation products during HCMV infection. source
  • Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.

    Premisecitation

    Peptide nucleic acid was developed to replace the phosphate backbone with amide bonds, providing reduced nonspecific binding.

    “To address this issue, a DNA mimic, termed peptide nucleic acid, was developed to replace the phosphate backbone with amide bonds, providing reduced nonspecific binding (83).”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites [83] Upadhyay A, Dixit U, Manvar D, Chaturvedi N, Pandey VN. 2013 Affinity capture and identification of host cell factors associated with hepatitis C virus (+) strand subgenomic RNA. Mol. Cell. Proteomics 12: 1539– 52 23429521 PMC3675812 A novel peptide nucleic acid–neamine conjugate for in situ capturing of viral RNA–host interactions. source
  • It may state two separate claims as one.

    Premisecitation

    In a study of HSV-1 pUL46 interactions, the viral E3 ubiquitin ligase ICP0 triggered proteasome-dependent degradation of pUL46, the first example of virus-induced degradation of a viral protein.

    “One notable pUL46 interaction was the viral E3 ubiquitin ligase ICP0, which triggered a proteasome-dependent degradation of pUL46—a first example of virus-induced degradation of a viral protein.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites [45] Lin AE, Greco TM, Döhner K, Sodeik B, Cristea IM. 2013 A proteomic perspective of inbuilt viral¨ protein regulation: pUL46 tegument protein is targeted for degradation by ICP0 during herpes simplex virus type 1 infection. Mol. Cell. Proteomics 12: 3237– 52 23938468 PMC3820936 source
  • Probably not a substantial claim.

    Premisecitation

    The SAINT scoring algorithm models protein spectral counts between experimental and control affinity purifications.

    “we have used the Significance Analysis of INTeractome (SAINT) scoring algorithm (90), which models protein spectral counts between experimental and control affinity purifications (Figure 2)”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites [90] Choi H, Larsen B, Lin ZY, Breitkreutz A, Mellacheruvu D, 2011 SAINT: probabilistic scoring of affinity purification–mass spectrometry data. Nat. Methods 8: 70– 73 21131968 PMC3064265 source
  • It may state two separate claims as one.

    Premiseown data

    Disrupting LRP1 activity raised intracellular and progeny HCMV envelope cholesterol levels, which correlated with higher virion infectivity.

    “Disruption of LRP1 activity increased intracellular and progeny HCMV envelope cholesterol levels, which was correlated with greater virion infectivity.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites [111] Gudleski-O’Regan N, Greco TM, Cristea IM, Shenk T. 2012 Increased expression of LDL receptor–related protein 1 during human cytomegalovirus infection reduces virion cholesterol and infectivity. Cell Host Microbe 12: 86– 96 22817990 PMC3405916 source
  • It may state two separate claims as one.

    Premisereasoning

    Combining biochemical fractionation or affinity isolation with mass spectrometry boosts sensitivity and yields finer molecular detail about host and viral processes.

    “These enrichment strategies confer increased sensitivity, providing greater molecular details of host and viral processes.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
  • It may state two separate claims as one.

    Premisecitation

    PM enrichment by chemical derivatization and affinity purification lowers organelle contamination and improves detection of low-abundance membrane receptors.

    “To profile cell surface proteins by MS, PM enrichment by chemical derivatization–affinity purification confers reduced organelle contamination and improved detection of low-abundance membrane receptors (107, 108).”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 2 sources checked
    • cites [107] Peirce MJ, Wait R, Begum S, Saklatvala J, Cope AP. 2004 Expression profiling of lymphocyte plasma membrane proteins. Mol. Cell. Proteomics 3: 56– 65 14573526 source
    • cites [108] Wollscheid B, Bausch-Fluck D, Henderson C, O’Brien R, Bibel M, 2009 Mass-spectrometric identification and relative quantification of N-linked cell surface glycoproteins. Nat. Biotechnol 27: 378– 86 19349973 PMC2829300 source
  • Probably not a substantial claim.

    Premisecitation

    LRP1 negatively regulates cholesterol influx into cells.

    “The low-density lipoprotein receptor LRP1, which negatively regulates cholesterol influx into cells (15), was strongly upregulated early in infection.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites [15] Terrand J, Bruban V, Zhou L, Gong W, El Asmar Z, 2009 LRP1 controls intracellular cholesterol storage and fatty acid synthesis through modulation of Wnt signaling. J. Biol. Chem 284: 381– 88 18990694 PMC2610522 source
  • It may state two separate claims as one.

    Interpretationreasoning

    LRP1 recruitment to the PM may be a general antiviral response that starves infected cells of cholesterol and promotes infection-incompetent virions.

    “Thus, the LRP1 PM recruitment could reflect a general antiviral response that starves the infected cell of cholesterol, promoting the production of infection-incompetent virions.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
  • Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.

    Premisecitation

    About 10% of human genome open reading frames encode secreted proteins.

    “Importantly, approximately 10% of the human genome open reading frames encode proteins that are secreted (117).”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites [117] Pavlou MP, Diamandis EP. 2010 The cancer cell secretome: a good source for discovering biomarkers? J. Proteomics 73: 1896– 906 20394844 source
  • It may state two separate claims as one.

    Interpretationreasoning

    Quantitative MS can complement traditional antibody array-based secretome analyses and reveal details of cellular immune responses to viral infection.

    “These studies illustrate the ability of quantitative MS to complement traditional antibody array–based analyses of secretomes and reveal details of cellular immune responses to viral infection.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
    • Rests on an assumption: Viral infection significantly alters the proteome within the extracellular space.
  • Probably not a substantial claim.

    Premisecitation

    Interleukin-1β secretion depends on the inflammasome, a caspase-1-containing complex.

    “Finally, the authors found no secretion of the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β, a process known to depend on the inflammasome—a caspase-1-containing complex (122).”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites [122] Rathinam VA, Jiang Z, Waggoner SN, Sharma S, Cole LE, 2010 The AIM2 inflammasome is essential for host defense against cytosolic bacteria and DNA viruses. Nat. Immunol 11: 395– 402 20351692 PMC2887480 source
  • It may state two separate claims as one.

    Premisecitation

    Secreted cathepsin protease activity is required for both inflammasome stimulation and apoptosis in response to influenza.

    “Secreted cathepsin protease activity was shown to be required for both inflammasome stimulation and apoptosis in response to influenza (120).”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites [120] Lietzén N, Ohman T, Rintahaka J, Julkunen I, Aittokallio T, 2011 Quantitative subcellular proteome and secretome profiling of influenza A virus–infected human primary macrophages. PLoS Pathog. 7: e1001340 PMC3093355 21589892 source
  • It may state two separate claims as one.

    Premisecitation

    The HSV-1-induced secretome contains known secreted danger signals and immunomodulators, plus interferon-inducible proteins not previously known to be secreted, including IFIT1, STAT1, and MxA.

    “Furthermore, though the HSV-1-induced secretome was composed of known secreted danger signals and immunomodulators, interferon-inducible proteins not known to be secreted were also detected, including IFIT1, STAT1, and MxA.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites [121] Miettinen JJ, Matikainen S, Nyman TA. 2012 Global secretome characterization of herpes simplex virus 1–infected human primary macrophages. J. Virol 86: 12770– 78 22973042 PMC3497699 Multiplexed, quantitative MS analysis of the HSV-1-stimulated macrophage secretome identifies interferon-inducible proteins. source
    • Rests on an assumption: Viral infection significantly alters the proteome within the extracellular space.
  • It may state two separate claims as one.

    Premisecitation

    IFI16 is a DNA sensor and effector of innate immune responses during viral infection, detecting viral DNA in both nucleus and cytoplasm.

    “For instance, the DNA sensor IFI16 is an effector of innate immune responses during viral infection, detecting viral DNA in both the nucleus and the cytoplasm (71–73, 136, 137).”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 5 sources checked
    • cites [71] Li T, Diner BA, Chen J, Cristea IM. 2012 Acetylation modulates cellular distribution and DNA sensing ability of interferon-inducible protein IFI16. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 109: 10558– 63 22691496 PMC3387042 Acetylation modulates the localization of the first viral DNA sensor that functions in the nucleus. source
    • cites [72] Orzalli MH, DeLuca NA, Knipe DM. 2012 Nuclear IFI16 induction of IRF-3 signaling during herpesviral infection and degradation of IFI16 by the viral ICP0 protein. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 109: E3008–17 PMC3497734 23027953 source
    • cites [73] Li T, Chen J, Cristea IM. 2013 Human cytomegalovirus tegument protein pUL83 inhibits IFI16-mediated DNA sensing for immune evasion. Cell Host Microbe 14: 591– 99 Host-mediated phosphorylation of a viral protein during infection inhibits its function in viral immune evasion. 24237704 PMC3876934 source
    • cites [136] Jakobsen MR, Bak RO, Andersen A, Berg RK, Jensen SB, 2013 IFI16 senses DNA forms of the lentiviral replication cycle and controls HIV-1 replication. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 110: E4571–80 PMC3845190 24154727 source
    • cites [137] Unterholzner L, Keating SE, Baran M, Horan KA, Jensen SB, 2010 IFI16 is an innate immune sensor for intracellular DNA. Nat. Immunol 11: 997– 1004 20890285 PMC3142795 source
    • Rests on an assumption: PTMs regulate protein stability, localization, activity, and interactions.
  • It may state two separate claims as one.

    Interpretationreasoning

    The kinases mediating HSV-1 phosphorylation events either have altered behavior during infection or have not yet been characterized.

    “Analysis of these phosphorylation sites revealed great sequence degeneracy, suggesting that the kinases mediating these phosphorylation events either have altered behavior during infection or have not yet been characterized.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
    • Rests on an assumption: PTMs regulate protein stability, localization, activity, and interactions.
  • It may state two separate claims as one.

    Premisecitation

    Supernatants from HCMV-infected cells induce angiogenesis and wound healing responses in primary human endothelial cells.

    “Indeed, supernatants from HCMV-infected cells induced angiogenesis and wound healing responses in primary human endothelial cells.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites [124] Dumortier J, Streblow DN, Moses AV, Jacobs JM, Kreklywich CN, 2008 Human cytomegalovirus secretome contains factors that induce angiogenesis and wound healing. J. Virol 82: 6524– 35 18448536 PMC2447085 source
    • Rests on an assumption: Viral infection significantly alters the proteome within the extracellular space.
  • It may state two separate claims as one.

    Premisecitation

    Two acetylations within the nuclear localization signal of IFI16 modulate its nuclear-cytoplasmic distribution, expanding its immunosurveillance to both subcellular compartments.

    “Using AP-MS, we identified two acetylations within its nuclear localization signal that modulate IFI16 nuclear-cytoplasmic distribution, effectively expanding its range of immunosurveillance to both subcellular compartments (71).”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites [71] Li T, Diner BA, Chen J, Cristea IM. 2012 Acetylation modulates cellular distribution and DNA sensing ability of interferon-inducible protein IFI16. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 109: 10558– 63 22691496 PMC3387042 Acetylation modulates the localization of the first viral DNA sensor that functions in the nucleus. source
    • Rests on an assumption: PTMs regulate protein stability, localization, activity, and interactions.
  • It may state two separate claims as one.

    Premisecitation

    Unique DUB activity is identified following EBV establishment of latency and correlates with changes in cell proliferation rates.

    “Unique DUB activity was additionally identified following EBV establishment of latency and correlated with changes in cell proliferation rates.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites [145] Ovaa H, Kessler BM, Rolén U, Galardy PJ, Ploegh HL, Masucci MG. 2004 Activity-based ubiquitin-specific protease (USP) profiling of virus-infected and malignant human cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 101: 2253– 58 14982996 PMC356937 source
    • Rests on an assumption: PTMs regulate protein stability, localization, activity, and interactions.
  • Probably not a substantial claim. The paper may give no reason why it holds. It may state two separate claims as one.

    Premisenone given

    Nuclear-replicating DNA viral genomes associate with core histones, implicating cellular effectors of chromatinization as important regulators of viral gene expression.

    “Furthermore, the discovery that nuclear-replicating DNA viral genomes associate with core histones implicates cellular effectors of chromatinization as important regulators of viral gene expression.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim
    • Rests on an assumption: Viral infection modulates the epigenetic landscape of the cell.
  • It may state two separate claims as one.

    Interpretationnone given

    Parallel genomic and bioinformatic analyses have enabled functional categorization of host response pathways and identification of previously uncharacterized viral gene products.

    “Paired with MS detection, parallel genomic and bioinformatic analyses have enabled functional categorization of host response pathways and identification of previously uncharacterized viral gene products.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim
  • Probably not a substantial claim. The paper may give no reason why it holds.

    Interpretationnone given

    MS-based proteomics has significantly contributed to multifaceted discoveries in virology.

    “In summary, MS-based proteomics has already significantly contributed to multifaceted discoveries in virology.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim
    • Rests on an assumption: Intimate virus-host coevolution has shaped viruses in every facet.
    • Rests on an assumption: Viruses must induce complex alterations in intracellular protein abundance and activity to dismantle host functions and promote propagation.
  • Probably not a substantial claim. The paper may give no reason why it holds. It may state two separate claims as one.

    Premisenone given

    Viral proteins interact with chromatin-remodeling enzymes and virus-induced changes in histone PTMs and DNA methylation profiles accomplish epigenetic modulation.

    “This is accomplished via interactions of viral proteins with chromatin-remodeling enzymes and virus-induced changes in histone PTMs and DNA methylation profiles.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim
    • Rests on an assumption: Viral infection modulates the epigenetic landscape of the cell.
  • Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.

    Study design and conductnone given

    MS-based analyses of protein complexes have challenges, including distinguishing specific from nonspecific associations.

    “These MS-based analyses come with their own challenges, including distinguishing specific from nonspecific associations.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim
42 of 42
  • The paper relies on this without support.

    The progression of viral infection depends on the establishment of numerous finely tuned virus-host and virus-virus protein interactions.

    “The progression of viral infection depends on the establishment of numerous finely tuned virus-host and virus-virus protein interactions.”
  • The paper relies on this without support.

    Through dynamic protein-protein interactions, complex cellular pathways are modulated to promote viral replication or host defense.

    “Through these dynamic protein-protein interactions, complex cellular pathways are modulated to promote viral replication or act in host defense.”
  • The paper relies on this without support.

    Genome replication mechanisms vary widely across virus families, yet all viruses leverage host protein functions.

    “Genome replication mechanisms vary widely across virus families, yet all viruses leverage host protein functions.”
  • The paper relies on this without support.

    Many viruses do not encode their own transcription machinery, and regulation of viral gene transcription is achieved via recruitment of host polymerases and host factors.

    “As many viruses do not encode their own transcription machinery, regulation of viral gene transcription is achieved via recruitment of host polymerases and host factors.”
  • The paper relies on this without support.

    Most cellular pathways are modulated at the proteome level, and viral or host genes exert most of their functions during infection at the protein level.

    “In fact, it is at the proteome level that most cellular pathways are modulated; viral or host genes exert most of their functions during infection at the protein level.”
  • The paper relies on this without support.

    Viral infection significantly alters the proteome within the extracellular space.

    “Viral infection also significantly alters the proteome within the extracellular space.”
  • The paper relies on this without support.

    PTMs regulate protein stability, localization, activity, and interactions.

    “PTMs have been recognized to regulate an expanding array of protein properties, for example, stability, localizations, activities, and interactions.”
  • The paper relies on this without support.

    Viral infection modulates the epigenetic landscape of the cell.

    “In recent years, it has become increasingly evident that viral infection modulates the epigenetic landscape of the cell.”
  • The paper relies on this without support.

    Intimate virus-host coevolution has shaped viruses in every facet.

    “Intimate virus-host coevolution has shaped viruses in their every facet.”
  • The paper relies on this without support.

    Viruses must induce complex alterations in intracellular protein abundance and activity to dismantle host functions and promote propagation.

    “As a consequence, viruses must induce complex alterations in intracellular protein abundance and activity to dismantle inhibitory host functions and promote their own propagation.”
10 of 10

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

Each contradiction between two passages listed here was confirmed by an independent check.

  • A herpes simplex citation points to a cholesterol study

    Minor

    The text cites reference 15 for proteomic analyses of herpes simplex viruses, but reference 15 is a study of LRP1 and cholesterol regulation, not herpes simplex virus.

1 of 1

Citations

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

9 of the 160 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Research works printed but not linked: 1

  1. Streblow DN, 2008, Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol., 325, 397

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Metadata

Authors
Greco, T. M., Diner, B. A., & Cristea, I. M.
Affiliations
Princeton University (US)
Venue
Annual Review of Virology
Published
2014-11-03
Volume
1
Issue
1
Pages
581-604
ISSN
  • 2327-056X (ISSN-L)
  • 2327-0578
OpenAlex
W2115120876
Cited by
67
References
160
Citations by year
2025: 3 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 5
FWCI
0.88
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Annual Review of Virology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • American Heart Association
  • National Institutes of Health (NIAID R21AI102187)
  • National Institute on Drug Abuse (DP1DA026192)
  • National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R21AI102187)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Spectroscopy › Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications
  • Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Spectroscopy › Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Advanced Biosensing Techniques and Applications
Keywords
mass spectrometry-based proteomics, viral infection, host-virus interaction, host defense, viral pathogenesis, viral morphogenesis, viral replication, viral assembly, host response to infection, post-translational modification, protein-protein interaction, subcellular localization, protein secretion

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

A language model drew the claims from the paper on 2026-10-05, under version 3 of the claim definition (model deepseek-v4.1-flash, prompt extract-v3).

A second model labelled each claim on 2026-10-05 (model jev-1.13-20260917, definition revision gold-guideline-v0.2).

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

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