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Overreactive Brain Responses to Sensory Stimuli in Youth With Autism Spectrum Disorders
Open accessAbstract
Objectives Sensory over-responsivity (SOR), defined as a negative response to or avoidance of sensory stimuli, is both highly prevalent and extremely impairing in youth with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), yet little is known about the neurological bases of SOR. This study aimed to examine the functional neural correlates of SOR by comparing brain responses to sensory stimuli in youth with and without ASD.Method A total of 25 high-functioning youth with ASD and 25 age- and IQ-equivalent typically developing (TD) youth were presented with mildly aversive auditory and visual stimuli during a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scan. Parents provided ratings of children's SOR and anxiety symptom severity.Results Compared to TD participants, ASD participants displayed greater activation in primary sensory cortical areas as well as amygdala, hippocampus, and orbital-frontal cortex. In both groups, the level of activity in these areas was positively correlated with level of SOR severity as rated by parents, over and above behavioral ratings of anxiety.Conclusions This study demonstrates that youth with ASD show neural hyper-responsivity to sensory stimuli, and that behavioral symptoms of SOR may be related to both heightened responsivity in primary sensory regions as well as areas related to emotion processing and regulation.
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“Using simple sensory (auditory and visual) stimuli, Green et al. (2013) found increased activation in individuals with ASD in both primary sensory cortices as well as in the amygdala, hippocampus, and orbital-frontal cortex”
From Behavioral, Perceptual, and Neural Alterations in Sensory and Multisensory Function in Autism Spectrum Disorder (2015) · cites this paper as Green et al., 2013
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“Furthermore, the level of activity in these areas was positively correlated with sensory over-responsivity scores and behavioral anxiety ratings.”
From Behavioral, Perceptual, and Neural Alterations in Sensory and Multisensory Function in Autism Spectrum Disorder (2015) · cites this paper as Green et al., 2013
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Neuroimaging in autism spectrum disorder: brain structure and function across the lifespan
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“In an fMRI study of 25 ASD youth and 25 matched controls, Green et al. (2013) found greater activation in primary sensory areas of the brain that was positively correlated with parent-reported sensory over responsiveness in the ASD group; and also noted increased activation in emotion regulation…”
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“Using simple sensory (auditory and visual) stimuli, Green et al. (2013) found increased activation in individuals with ASD in both primary sensory cortices as well as in the amygdala, hippocampus, and orbital-frontal cortex, suggesting that changes in sensory function have a cascading impact on…”
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“In both ASD and functional GI disorders, the behavioral abnormality is accompanied by brain imaging abnormalities in sensory and emotion regulation regions [24, 25].”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Green, S. A., Rudie, J. D., Colich, N. L., Wood, J. J., Shirinyan, D., Hernandez, L., Tottenham, N., Dapretto, M., & Bookheimer, S. Y.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- Stanford University (US)
- Santa Monica College (US)
- Corresponding author
- Green, Shulamite A.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-11
- Volume
- 52
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 1158-1172
- ISSN
- 0890-8567 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3820504
- OpenAlex
- W2091176864
- Cited by
- 207
- References
- 51
- Citations by year
- 2026: 15 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 25 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 9
- FWCI
- 7.31
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (F31MH093999, HD055784)
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (T32GM008042)
- National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (P50HD055784, R01HD065280)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Child Nutrition and Feeding Issues
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Keywords
- sensory hypersensitivity, autism spectrum disorder, sensory processing, amygdala, hippocampus, orbitofrontal cortex, primary sensory cortex, anxiety, emotion regulation
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Amygdala, Anxiety, Cerebral Cortex, Child, Child Development Disorders, Pervasive, Female, Hippocampus, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Perceptual Disorders, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Sensation Disorders, Severity of Illness Index, Prefrontal Cortex, Functional Neuroimaging
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