Neurocognitive predictors of antidepressant clinical response
Open accessAbstract
Background Executive dysfunction and psychomotor slowing in depressed patients have been associated with poor antidepressant clinical response, but little is known about the value of neurocognitive tests for differential prediction of response.Methods This report presents new findings for 70 depressed patients tested on neurocogntive tests before receiving treatment with a SSRI (escitalopram or citalopram), NDRI (bupropion) or dual mechanism therapy including a serotonergic agent, and for 57 healthy controls.Results As predicted from previous research, patients who did not respond to a SSRI or dual therapy showed poorer word fluency than responders, whereas this was not seen for patients treated with bupropion alone. Longer choice reaction time (RT) was also found in nonresponders to a SSRI or dual therapy, but the opposite trend was seen for bupropion. Using a combined index of word fluency and RT (with normative performance as a cutoff) yielded differential predictions of response. Equal to or above normal performance predicted good response to a SSRI or dual therapy, with high positive predictive value (90%) and specificity (78%) but lower sensitivity (53%). In contrast, less than normal performance predicted good response to bupropion alone (positive predictive value=82%; specificity=67%; sensitivity=90%).Limitations Relatively small sample size, no placebo control, and combining across SSRI alone and dual treatments.Conclusions Although findings are preliminary due to small sample size, brief tests of word fluency and psychomotor speed may help identify depressed patients who are unresponsive to a serotonergic agent, but who may respond to bupropion alone.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Patients who responded to bupropion tended to show the opposite pattern of neurocognitive performance, exhibiting slower reaction time and poorer pretreatment word fluency performance compared with controls.
“Whereas poor pretreatment word fluency performance predicted non-response to SSRIs and longer choice reaction time on the Stroop Test predicted non-response to SSRIs or dual therapy, patients who responded to bupropion tended to show the opposite pattern of neurocognitive performance, exhibiting slower reaction time and poorer pretreatment word fluency performance compared with those of controls.”
From Cognitive remission: a novel objective for the treatment of major depression? (2016) · cites this paper as [74]
Poor pretreatment word fluency performance predicted non-response to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and longer choice reaction time on the Stroop Test predicted non-response to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors or dual therapy.
“Whereas poor pretreatment word fluency performance predicted non-response to SSRIs and longer choice reaction time on the Stroop Test predicted non-response to SSRIs or dual therapy, patients who responded to bupropion tended to show the opposite pattern of neurocognitive performance, exhibiting slower reaction time and poorer pretreatment word fluency performance compared with those of controls.”
From Cognitive remission: a novel objective for the treatment of major depression? (2016) · cites this paper as [74]
Certain neurocognitive tests, mostly those that depend on psychomotor speed, may serve as differential predictors of clinical response to a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor or a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor as opposed to bupropion.
“Thus, the authors posit that certain neurocognitive tests, mostly those that depend on psychomotor speed, may serve as differential predictors of clinical response to an SSRI or to an SNRI as opposed to bupropion.”
From Cognitive remission: a novel objective for the treatment of major depression? (2016) · cites this paper as [74]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
An inventory for measuring depression
BECK, A. T. (1961) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1961.01710120031004 · Cited by 38,032 · see citing works
The assessment and analysis of handedness: The Edinburgh inventory
Oldfield, R. C. (1971) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/0028-3932(71)90067-4 · Cited by 35,900 · see citing works
Hamilton, M. (1960) · Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.23.1.56 · Cited by 32,817 · see citing works
(1970) · Cited by 24,983 · see citing works
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale
(2007) · Sage eBooks · doi:10.4135/9781412952644.n478 · Cited by 2,017 · see citing works
Cingulate function in depression: a potential predictor of treatment response
Mayberg, H. S., Brannan, S. K., Mahurin, R. K., Jerabek, P. A., Brickman, J. S., Tekell, J. L., Silva, J. A., McGinnis, S., Glass, T. G., Martin, C. C., et al. (1997) · NeuroReport · doi:10.1097/00001756-199703030-00048 · Cited by 1,029 · see citing works
Frontocingulate Dysfunction in Depression: Toward Biomarkers of Treatment Response
Pizzagalli, D. A. (2011) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2010.166 · Cited by 945 · see citing works
Toward an objective characterization of an anhedonic phenotype: A signal-detection approach
Pizzagalli, D. A., Jahn, A. L., & O’Shea, J. P. (2005) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.11.026 · Cited by 738 · see citing works
Frith, C. D., Friston, K. J., Liddle, P. F., & Frackowiak, R. S. J. (1991) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/0028-3932(91)90029-8 · Cited by 656 · see citing works
Functional magnetic resonance imaging of human brain activity in a verbal fluency task
Schlösser, R. G. M., Hutchinson, M., Joseffer, S. S., Rusinek, H., Saarimaki, A., Stevenson, J., Dewey, S. L., & Brodie, J. D. (1998) · Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.64.4.492 · Cited by 439 · see citing works
Multilingual Aphasia Examination
Patterson, J. P. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-56782-2_900-3 · Cited by 421 · see citing works
Bright, P., Jaldow, E. J., & Kopelman, M. D. (2002) · Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society · doi:10.1017/s1355617702860131 · Cited by 293 · see citing works
Prefrontal Dysfunction and Treatment Response in Geriatric Depression
Kalayam, B., & Alexopoulos, G. S. (1999) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.56.8.713 · Cited by 263 · see citing works
Hypofrontality and negative symptoms in major depressive disorder.
GALYNKER, I. I., Cai, J., Ongseng, F., Finestone, H., Dutta, E., & Serseni, D. (1998) · PubMed · Cited by 239 · see citing works
Executive dysfunction predicts nonresponse to fluoxetine in major depression
Dunkin, J. J., Leuchter, A. F., Cook, I. A., Kasl-Godley, J. E., Abrams, M., & Rosenberg-Thompson, S. (2000) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/s0165-0327(99)00157-3 · Cited by 221 · see citing works
Attention deficit in depressed suicide attempters
Keilp, J. G., Gorlyn, M., Oquendo, M. A., Burke, A. K., & Mann, J. J. (2008) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2007.08.020 · Cited by 204 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Walter Reed performance assessment battery.
Thorne, D. R., Genser, S., Sing, H. C., & Hegge, F. W. (1985) · PubMed · Cited by 198 · see citing works
Martinot, M.-L. P., Bragulat, V., Artiges, E., Dollé, F., Hinnen, F., Jouvent, R., & Martinot, J.-L. (2001) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.158.2.314 · Cited by 194 · see citing works
Tenke, C. E., Jürgen Kayser, A., Manna, C. B. G., Fekri, S. M., Kroppmann, C. J., Schaller, J. D., Alschuler, D. M., Stewart, J. W., McGrath, P. J., & Bruder, G. E. (2011) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2011.02.016 · Cited by 158 · see citing works
Self-citationCorrelates of trait impulsiveness in performance measures and neuropsychological tests
Keilp, J. G., Sackeim, H. A., & Mann, J. J. (2005) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2005.03.006 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
Self-citationEbert, D., Loew, T. H., Feistel, H., & Pirner, A. (1996) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/bf02246416 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
Ravnkilde, B., Videbech, P., Rosenberg, R., GJEDDE, A. H., & Gade, A. (2002) · Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology · doi:10.1076/jcen.24.4.534.1033 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Psychomotor slowing as a predictor of fluoxetine nonresponse in depressed outpatients
Taylor, B. P., Bruder, G. E., Stewart, J. W., McGrath, P. J., Halperin, J., Ehrlichman, H., & Quitkin, F. M. (2006) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.163.1.73 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Self-citationRampello, L., Nicoletti, G. F., & Raffaele, R. (1991) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1991.tb03193.x · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Neuropsychological characteristics as predictors of SSRI treatment response in depressed subjects
Gorlyn, M., Keilp, J. G., Grunebaum, M. F., Taylor, B. P., Oquendo, M. A., Bruder, G. E., Stewart, J. W., Zalsman, G., & Mann, J. J. (2008) · Journal of Neural Transmission · doi:10.1007/s00702-008-0084-x · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Self-citationHerrera-Guzmán, I., Gudayol-Ferré, E., Lira-Mandujano, J., Herrera-Abarca, J., Herrera-Guzmán, D., Montoya-Pérez, K., & Guardia-Olmos, J. (2008) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2007.04.012 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
El Mansari, M., Ghanbari, R., Janssen, S., & Blier, P. (2008) · Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2008.07.028 · Cited by 63 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Preclinical studies suggest that bupropion alters the firing rate of norepinephrine neurons in rats, but may not be an effective dopamine reuptake inhibitor (El Mansari et al., 2008 ).”
Modeling Predictors, Moderators and Mediators of Treatment Outcome and Resistance in Depression
Trivedi, M. H. (2013) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2013.05.009 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Clinical Handbook for the Management of Mood Disorders
Mann, J., McGrath, P. J., & Roose, S. (2013) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9781139175869 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Self-citationElectrophysiological predictors of clinical response to antidepressants
Bruder, G. E., Tenke, C. E., & Jürgen Kayser, A. (2013) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9781139175869.030 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- First MB Spitzer RL Gibbon M Williams JBW 1996 Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders-Nonpatient Edition (SCID-NP) Biometrics Research Department, New York State Psychiatric Institute New York, NY
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Cognitive remission: a novel objective for the treatment of major depression?
Bortolato, B., Miskowiak, K. W., Köhler, C. A., Maes, M., Fernandes, B. S., Berk, M., & Carvalho, A. F. (2016) · BMC Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12916-016-0560-3 · Cited by 252 · see citing works
Shilyansky, C., Williams, L. M., Gyurak, A., Harris, A., Usherwood, T., & Etkin, A. (2016) · The Lancet Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s2215-0366(16)00012-2 · Cited by 249 · see citing works
Pizzagalli, D. A., Webb, C. A., Dillon, D. G., Tenke, C. E., Kayser, J., Goer, F., Fava, M., McGrath, P., Weissman, M., Parsey, R., et al. (2018) · JAMA Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2018.0252 · Cited by 189 · see citing works
Self-citationGyurak, A., Patenaude, B., Korgaonkar, M. S., Grieve, S. M., Williams, L. M., & Etkin, A. (2016) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2015.02.037 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
López-Solà, C., Subirà, M., Serra-Blasco, M., Vicent-Gil, M., Navarra-Ventura, G., Aguilar, E., Acebillo, S., Palao, D. J., & Cardoner, N. (2020) · European Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/j.eurpsy.2020.65 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Sex differences in the mediators of functional disability in Major Depressive Disorder
Carmona, N. E., Subramaniapillai, M., Mansur, R. B., Cha, D. S., Lee, Y., Fus, D., & McIntyre, R. S. (2018) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2017.09.025 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Ang, Y.-S., Bruder, G. E., Keilp, J. G., Rutherford, A., Alschuler, D. M., Pechtel, P., Webb, C. A., Carmody, T., Fava, M., Cusin, C., et al. (2022) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291720004286 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Self-citation
- Authors
- Bruder, G. E., Alvarenga, J. E., Alschuler, D., Abraham, K., Keilp, J. G., Hellerstein, D. J., Stewart, J. W., & McGrath, P. J.
- Affiliations
- New York State Psychiatric Institute (US)
- Corresponding author
- Bruder, Gerard E.
- Venue
- Journal of Affective Disorders
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-09
- Volume
- 166
- Pages
- 108-114
- ISSN
- 0165-0327 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4518557
- OpenAlex
- W2122310301
- Cited by
- 89
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 27 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 6
- FWCI
- 4.61
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Affective Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Keywords
- antidepressant response prediction, depression, neurocognitive tests, verbal fluency, choice reaction time, psychomotor speed, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, bupropion, executive dysfunction, treatment response prediction
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Depressive Disorder, Double-Blind Method, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Citalopram, Case-Control Studies, Bupropion, Treatment Outcome, Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors, Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
