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Cited by 30Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional DevelopmentChild Abuse and TraumaHealth disparities and outcomes

Childhood social adversity and risk of depressive symptoms in adolescence in a US national sample

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Björkenstam, Emma, Pebley, Anne R., Burström, Bo, Kosidou, Kyriaki·2017·Journal of Affective Disorders
DOI 10.1016/j.jad.2017.01.035PMC PMC5671805
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Abstract

Objective Childhood social adversity has been associated with an increased risk of depression and other psychiatric disorders in adolescence and early adulthood. However, the role of timing and accumulation of adversities has not yet been established in longitudinal studies. We examined the association between childhood adversities and adolescent depressive symptoms, and the impact of timing and accumulation of adversity.Method Longitudinal data were obtained from the Child Development Supplement to the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (n=2223), a nationally representative survey of US families that incorporates data from parents and their children. Negative binomial regression analysis was used to estimate effects of childhood social adversity on adolescent depressive symptoms, presented as Incidence Rate Ratios with 95% confidence intervals.Results Children exposed to social adversity reported higher levels of adolescent depressive symptoms captured by two depression scales. Single-parent household and residential instability were particularly associated with depressive symptoms. A positive relationship was found between cumulative adversity and the risk of adolescent depression. The timing of exposure appeared to have little effect on the risk of adolescent depressive symptoms.Limitations The structure of the data implies that alternative causal pathways cannot be fully discounted. The self- or parent-reported data is subject to recall bias.Conclusion Our findings support the long-term negative impact of childhood adversity on adolescent depressive symptoms, regardless of when in childhood the adversity occurs. Policies and interventions to reduce adolescent depressive symptoms need to consider the social background of the family as an important risk or protective factor.

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  • Children losing one parent have increased risks of mental health problems, abuse, unstable housing, and household poverty.

    “The definition includes children losing one parent because they have increased risks of mental health problems, abuse, unstable housing, and household poverty.7–9”

    From COVID-19–Associated Orphanhood and Caregiver Death in the United States (2021) · cites this paper as [8]

    The Discussion (§4.1; page unavailable) links single-parent households to greater risk of depressive symptoms and says they are often associated with limited household resources. But the study defines a single-parent household by the absence of a resident partner, not by a child losing a parent. It does not establish that children who lose a parent face increased risks of abuse or unstable housing; residential instability is examined as a separate adversity. (LLM, conf=0.86)

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Authors
Björkenstam, E., Pebley, A. R., Burström, B., & Kosidou, K.
Affiliations
  • University of California, Los Angeles (US)
  • Region Stockholm (SE)
Corresponding author
Björkenstam, Emma
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Affective Disorders
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2017-04
Volume
212
Pages
56-63
ISSN
0165-0327 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.jad.2017.01.035
PMC
PMC5671805
OpenAlex
W2580706576
Cited by
30
References
56
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 2
FWCI
3.38
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Journal of Affective Disorders (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
  • eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
Funders
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (P2CHD041022)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
  • Social Sciences › Health › Health disparities and outcomes
Keywords
adolescent depressive symptoms, cumulative adversity, single-parent families, residential instability, risk factors for depression, Panel Study of Income Dynamics
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Psychology, Adolescent, Child, Child, Preschool, Depression, Family Characteristics, Female, Humans, Life Change Events, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Parents, Regression Analysis, Risk Factors, Self Report

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