Application of 3D cultured multicellular spheroid tumor models in tumor-targeted drug delivery system research
Abstract
Tumor-targeted drug delivery systems are promising for their advantages in enhanced tumor accumulation and reduced toxicity towards normal organs. However, few nanomedicines have been successfully translated into clinical application. One reason is the gap between current pre-clinical and clinical studies. The prevalent in vitro models utilized in pre-clinical phase are mainly based on the two-dimensional (2D) cell culture and are limited by the difficulty of simulating three-dimensional physiological conditions in human body, such as three-dimensional (3D) architecture, cell heterogeneity, nutrient gradients and the interaction between cells and the extracellular matrix (ECM). In addition, traditional animal models have drawbacks such as high-cost, long periods and physiological differences between animal and human. On the other hand, the employment of 3D tumor cell culture models, especially multicellular tumor spheroids (MCTS), has increased significantly in recent decades. These models have been shown to simulate 3D structures of tumors in vitro with relatively low cost and simple protocols. Currently, MCTS have also been widely exploited in drug delivery system research for comprehensive study of drug efficacy, drug penetration, receptor targeting, and cell recruitment abilities. This review summarizes the delivery barriers for nano-carriers presented in tumor microenvironment, the characteristics and formation methods for applicable multicellular tumor spheroid culture models and recent studies related to their applications in tumor-targeted drug delivery system research.
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3D tumor spheroids mimic solid tumors more closely by sharing similar features such as spatial distribution of cells, extracellular matrix, cell adhesion, hypoxia and acidic microenvironment, and have been widely used in evaluation of anti-tumor drug delivery systems.
“In contrast to 2D cell culture, the employment of 3D tumor spheroids could mimic the solid tumors more closely by sharing similar features such as the spatial distribution of cells, extracellular matrix, cell adhesion, hypoxia and acidic microenvironment, which has been widely used in the evaluation of anti-tumor drug delivery systems.57”
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Nunes, A. S., Barros, A. S., Costa, E. C., Moreira, A. F., & Correia, I. J. (2019) · Biotechnology and Bioengineering · doi:10.1002/bit.26845 · Cited by 721 · see citing works
Challenges of applying multicellular tumor spheroids in preclinical phase
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Liang, X., Wang, Y., Shi, H., Dong, M., Han, H., & Li, Q. (2021) · International Journal of Nanomedicine · doi:10.2147/ijn.s304526 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
3D Tumor Spheroid Models for In Vitro Therapeutic Screening of Nanoparticles
Daunys, S., Janonienė, A., Januškevičienė, I., Paškevičiūtė, M., & Petrikaitė, V. (2021) · Advances in experimental medicine and biology · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-58174-9_11 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
- Authors
- Huang, B.-W., & Gao, J.-Q.
- ORCID
- Gao, Jian-Qing
- Venue
- Journal of Controlled Release
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2018-01
- Volume
- 270
- Pages
- 246-259
- ISSN
- 0168-3659 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2774876944
- Semantic Scholar
- 36efb436603257854ca013b769f18f4d2301e485
- Cited by
- 174
- References
- 155
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 24 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 26 · 2020: 37 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 12
- FWCI
- 1.21
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Controlled Release (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (81620108028)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › 3D Printing in Biomedical Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer Cells and Metastasis
- Keywords
- tumor spheroids, 3D tumor models, anticancer drug delivery, nanomedicine, tumor microenvironment, drug delivery barriers, nanocarriers, drug penetration, receptor targeting, extracellular matrix, preclinical models
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Humans, Neoplasms, Drug Delivery Systems, Spheroids, Cellular, Cell Culture Techniques, Tumor Microenvironment
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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