Protective effect of lavender oil on scopolamine induced cognitive deficits in mice and H2O2 induced cytotoxicity in PC12 cells
Abstract
Ethnopharmacological relevance Lavender essential oil (LO), an aromatic liquid extracted from Lavandula angustifolia Mill., has been traditionally used in the treatments of many nervous system diseases, and recently LO also reported to be effective for the Alzheimer's disease (AD).Aim of the study The improvement effect of lavender oil (LO) on the scopolamine-induced cognitive deficits in mice and H 2 O 2 induced cytotoxicity in PC12 cells have been evaluated. The relevant mechanism was also researched from the perspective of antioxidant effect and cholinergic system modulation.Materials and methods Cognitive deficits were induced in C57BL/6J mice treated with scopolamine (1mg/kg, i.p.) and were assessed by Morris water maze (MWM) and step-through passive avoidance tests. Then their hippocampus were removed for biochemical assays (acetylcholinesterase (AChE), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and malondialdehyde (MDA)). In vitro, the cytotoxicity were induced by 4h exposure to H 2 O 2 in PC12 and evaluated by cell viability (MTT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level, nitric oxide (NO) release, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP).Results The results demonstrated that LO (100mg/kg) could improve the cognitive performance of scopolamine induced mice in behavioral tests. Meanwhile, it significantly decreased the AChE activity, MDA level, and increase SOD and GPX activities of the model. Moreover, LO (12μg/mL) protected PC12 cells from H 2 O 2 induced cytotoxicity by reducing LDH, NO release, intracellular ROS accumulation and MMP loss.Conclusions It was suggested that LO could show neuroprotective effect in AD model in vivo (scopolamine-treated mice) and in vitro (H 2 O 2 induced PC12 cells) via modulating oxidative stress and AChE activity.
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Gelsemium sempervirens, Diospyros lotus, and Lavandula angustifolia improved cognitive performance and significantly reduced AChE activity.
“Other notable plant extracts, such as Gelsemium sempervirens, Diospyros lotus, and Lavandula angustifolia, have demonstrated improved cognitive performance and significant reductions in AChE activity, further supporting their potential neuroprotective benefits [59,60,61].”
From Cholinesterase Inhibitors from Plants and Their Potential in Alzheimer’s Treatment: Systematic Review (2025) · cites this paper as [61]
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- Authors
- Xu, P., Wang, K., Lu, C., Dong, L., Gao, L., Yan, M., Aibai, S., & Liu, X.
- Affiliations
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Liu, Xinmin
- Venue
- Journal of Ethnopharmacology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2016-12
- Volume
- 193
- Pages
- 408-415
- ISSN
- 0378-8741 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2516048074
- Cited by
- 64
- References
- 41
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 5
- FWCI
- 11.63
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Ethnopharmacology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Xinjiang Science and Technology Aid Projects (201491174, KY2014068)
- Medicinal Science and Technology Research Project (BWS11J052)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Medicinal Plants and Neuroprotection
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Medicinal Plant Extracts Effects
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Keywords
- lavender essential oil, Lavandula angustifolia, scopolamine-induced cognitive deficits, hydrogen peroxide cytotoxicity, PC12 cells, Alzheimer's disease, neuroprotection, acetylcholinesterase, oxidative stress, antioxidant activity, cholinergic system, mitochondrial membrane potential, reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation, hippocampus
- MeSH terms
- Acetylcholinesterase, Animals, Antioxidants, Avoidance Learning, Behavior, Animal, Cell Survival, Cholinesterase Inhibitors, Cognition, Cognition Disorders, Disease Models, Animal, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Glutathione Peroxidase, Hippocampus, Hydrogen Peroxide, L-Lactate Dehydrogenase, Male, Malondialdehyde, Phytotherapy, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Motor Activity, Neurons, Nitric Oxide, Oils, Volatile, Plant Oils, Plants, Medicinal, Scopolamine, Superoxide Dismutase, Time Factors, PC12 Cells, Oxidative Stress, Neuroprotective Agents, Lavandula, Rats, Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial, GPI-Linked Proteins, Spatial Memory
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