Insomnia increases risk for cardiovascular events in women and in men with low socioeconomic status: A longitudinal, register-based study
Abstract
Objectives Insomnia and short and long sleep durations have all been linked to cardiovascular disease. Male gender and low socioeconomic status are also related to cardiovascular disease, but it is unclear whether these two factors modify the impact of poor sleep on cardiovascular disease incidence.Methods Participants (5875 men and 7742 women ages 45 to 64 with no history of cardiovascular disease from the general population of Malmö, Sweden; participation rate 41%) were enrolled from 1992 to 1994 and followed until 2005 or until the first cardiovascular event (defined as myocardial infarction, stroke, or death due to ischemic heart disease), as recorded by official registers. Baseline blood pressure, BMI, and inquiry data concerning psychosocial circumstances and self-reported sleep habits were compared with hazard ratios (HRs) of cardiovascular events.Results Affirming 'moderate' or 'considerable' problems with at least one out of the four insomnia symptoms was associated with cardiovascular event in women (fully-adjusted HR 1.4 [95% CI 1.2-1.6] and population attributable fraction 17.3%). The same was true of men with past or present manual occupation (HR 1.3 [95% CI 1.1-1.6] and population attributable fraction 11.8%). The HRs increased further in women where insomnia symptoms were combined with short or long sleep duration.Conclusions Insomnia is a significant public health problem with implications for cardiovascular disease incidence. Taking gender and socioeconomic status into account is a worthwhile approach in research on sleep and cardiovascular disease outcomes.
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Individuals with obstructive sleep apnea or insomnia are at significantly greater risk for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and metabolic disorders.
“Population-based studies show that individuals with OSA or insomnia are at significantly greater risk for CVD and cerebrovascular diseases (eg, arrhythmias, atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease [CHD], heart failure, hypertension, and stroke) and metabolic disorders (eg, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia).”
From Sleep Duration and Quality: Impact on Lifestyle Behaviors and Cardiometabolic Health: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association (2016) · cites this paper as [6]
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- Authors
- Canivet, C., Nilsson, P. M., Lindeberg, S. I., Karasek, R., & Östergren, P.-O.
- Affiliations
- Lund University (SE)
- University of Massachusetts Lowell (US)
- Corresponding author
- Canivet, Catarina
- Venue
- Journal of Psychosomatic Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-04
- Volume
- 76
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 292-299
- ISSN
- 0022-3999 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2119477921
- Cited by
- 78
- References
- 54
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 3
- FWCI
- 11.10
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Psychosomatic Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Lund University Publications (Lund University) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Obstructive Sleep Apnea Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Keywords
- insomnia, cardiovascular disease, cardiovascular events, sleep duration, socioeconomic status, gender differences, manual occupations, myocardial infarction, stroke, ischemic heart disease, middle-aged adults, Malmö cohort
- MeSH terms
- Cardiovascular Diseases, Female, Humans, Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Registries, Risk Factors, Sleep, Social Class, Sweden, Incidence, Odds Ratio, Risk Assessment, Self Report
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