Cited by 198Sleep and related disordersBlood Pressure and Hypertension StudiesObstructive Sleep Apnea Research

Nighttime Blood Pressure in Normotensive Subjects With Chronic Insomnia: Implications for Cardiovascular Risk

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Lanfranchi, Paola A., Pennestri, Marie-Hélène, Fradette, Lorraine, Dumont, Marie, Morin, Charles M., Montplaisir, Jacques·2009·Sleep

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To assess as whether insomniacs have higher nighttime blood pressure (BP) and a blunted day-to-night BP reduction, recognized markers of increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. DESIGN: Prospective case-control study. SETTING: University hospital-based sleep research laboratory. PARTICIPANTS: Thirteen normotensive subjects with chronic primary insomnia (9 women, 42 +/- 7 y) and 13 sex- and age-matched good sleepers. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: Subjects underwent 2-week sleep diary and 3 sleep studies to provide subjective and objective sleep variables, and 24-h beat-to-beat BP recording to provide daytime, night-time and day-to-night BP changes ([nighttime-daytime]/daytime)*100) (BP dipping). Spectral analysis of the electroencephalogram (EEG) was also performed during sleep of night 3 to assess EEG activity in the beta frequency (16-32 Hz), a measure of brain cortical activation. Nighttime SBP was higher (111 +/- 15 vs 102 +/- 12 mm Hg, P < 0.01) and day-to-night SBP dipping was lower (-8% +/- 6% vs -15% +/- 5%, P < 0.01) in insomniacs than good sleepers. Insomniacs also had higher activity in EEG beta frequency (P < 0.05). Higher nighttime SBP and smaller SBP dipping were independently associated with increased EEG beta activity (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Higher nighttime SBP and blunted day-to-night SBP dipping are present in normotensive subjects with chronic insomnia and are associated with a hyperactivity of the central nervous system during sleep. An altered BP profile in insomniacs could be one mechanism implicated in the link between insomnia and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality documented in epidemiological studies.

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Crossref · 10.1093/sleep/32.6.760

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  • Patients with insomnia show increases in norepinephrine, epinephrine, and other markers of sympathetic outflow.

    “Among patients with insomnia, increase in norepinephrine, epinephrine, and other markers of sympathetic outflow (as measured by blood pressure, heart rate variability, and impedance cardiography) occurs”

    From Sleep health: Reciprocal regulation of sleep and innate immunity (2017) · cites this paper as Lanfranchi et al, 2009

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  1. Krystal AD, Edinger JD, Wohlgemuth WK, Marsh GR. NREM 34. sleep EEG frequency spectral correlates of sleep complaints in primary insomnia subtypes. Sleep 2002;25:630-40.

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Authors
Lanfranchi, P. A., Pennestri, M.-H., Fradette, L., Dumont, M., Morin, C. M., & Montplaisir, J.
Affiliations
  • Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal (CA)
  • Université Laval (CA)
Corresponding author
Lanfranchi, Paola A.
Venue
Sleep
Published
2009-06
Volume
32
Issue
6
Pages
760-766
ISSN
  • 0161-8105 (ISSN-L)
  • 1550-9109
OpenAlex
W1953216325
Cited by
198
References
42
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 20 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 12
FWCI
14.39
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • SLEEP (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Obstructive Sleep Apnea Research
Keywords
chronic insomnia, nocturnal blood pressure, nocturnal blood pressure dipping, cardiovascular risk, normotensive subjects, EEG beta activity, cardiovascular morbidity and mortality
MeSH terms
Adult, Beta Rhythm, Blood Pressure, Cardiovascular Diseases, Circadian Rhythm, Female, Humans, Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted, Survival Rate, Case-Control Studies, Polysomnography

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