Cited by 641Sleep and Work-Related FatigueCircadian rhythm and melatoninSleep and related disorders

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Sleep Loss and Fatigue in Shift Work and Shift Work Disorder

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Åkerstedt, Torbjörn, Wright, Kenneth P.·2009·Sleep Medicine Clinics

DOI 10.1016/j.jsmc.2009.03.001PMC PMC2904525

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Abstract

Shift work is highly prevalent in industrialized societies (>20%) but, when it includes night work, it has pronounced negative effects on sleep, subjective and physiological sleepiness, performance, accident risk, as well as on health outcomes such as cardiovascular disease and certain forms of cancer. The reason is the conflict between the day oriented circadian physiology and the requirement for work and sleep at the "wrong" biological time of day. Other factors that negatively impact work shift sleepiness and accident risk include long duration shifts greater than 12 hours and individual vulnerability for phase intolerance that may lead to a diagnosis of shift work disorder; i.e., those shift workers with the greatest sleepiness and performance impairment during the biological night and insomnia during the biological day. Whereas some countermeasures may be used to ameliorate the negative impact of shift work on nighttime sleepiness and daytime insomnia (combined countermeasures may be the best available), there seems at present to be no way to eliminate most of the negative effects of shift work on human physiology and cognition.

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Authors: Åkerstedt, T., & Wright, K. P.
Affiliations: Karolinska Institutet (SE)
University of Colorado Boulder (US)
Corresponding author: Åkerstedt, Torbjörn
ORCID: Åkerstedt, Torbjörn
Wright, Kenneth P.
Venue: Sleep Medicine Clinics
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2009-06
Volume: 4
Issue: 2
Pages: 257-271
ISSN: 1556-407X (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.jsmc.2009.03.001
PMC: PMC2904525
OpenAlex: W2070497729
Cited by: 639
References: 156
Citations by year: 2026: 23 · 2025: 42 · 2024: 42 · 2023: 49 · 2022: 60 · 2021: 48 · 2020: 53 · 2019: 46 · 2018: 47 · 2017: 41 · 2016: 39 · 2015: 28 · 2014: 28 · 2013: 36 · 2012: 28
FWCI: 23.66
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Sleep Medicine Clinics (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL081761)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
Keywords: shift work, shift work disorder, sleep deprivation, fatigue, circadian misalignment, night work, sleepiness, insomnia, crash risk, cardiovascular disease, cancer risk, countermeasures

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Sleep Loss and Fatigue in Shift Work and Shift Work Disorder

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