Examining the relationships between cortical maturation and white matter myelination throughout early childhood
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Cortical development and white matter myelination are hallmark processes of infant and child neurodevelopment, and play a central role in the evolution of cognitive and behavioral functioning. Non-invasive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been used to independently track these microstructural and morphological changes in vivo, however few studies have investigated the relationship between them despite their concurrency in the developing brain. Further, because measures of cortical morphology rely on underlying gray-white matter tissue contrast, which itself is a function of white matter myelination, it is unclear if contrast-based measures of cortical development accurately reflect cortical architecture, or if they merely represent adjacent white matter maturation. This may be particularly true in young children, in whom brain structure is rapidly maturing. Here for the first time, we investigate the dynamic relationship between cortical and white matter development across early childhood, from 1 to 6years. We present measurements of cortical thickness with respect to cortical and adjacent myelin water fraction (MWF) in 33 bilateral cortical regions. Significant results in only 14 of 66 (21%) cortical regions suggest that cortical thickness measures are not heavily driven by changes in adjacent white matter, and that brain imaging studies of cortical and white matter maturation reflect distinct, but complimentary, neurodevelopmental processes.
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A custom template previously developed by the group was used for Freesurfer segmentation of the age range of the current sample to ensure accurate cortical segmentation.
“To ensure accurate cortical segmentation we used a custom template that our group has previously developed for Freesurfer segmentation of the age range of the current sample (Croteau-Chonka et al., 2016; Deoni et al., 2015)”
From Quantifying cortical development in typically developing toddlers and young children, 1–6 years of age (2017) · cites this paper as Croteau-Chonka et al., 2016
Prior research from our group has successfully demonstrated using Freesurfer cortical reconstruction to generate a cortical ribbon from a single (IR-SPGR) contrast acquisition for analysis of cortical myelin and thickness development between ages 1 and 6.
“Prior research from our group has successfully demonstrated using Freesurfer cortical reconstruction to generate a cortical ribbon from a single (IR-SPGR) contrast acquisition for analysis of cortical myelin and thickness development between ages 1 and 6 (Croteau-Chonka et al., 2016, Deoni et al., 2015).”
From Quantifying cortical development in typically developing toddlers and young children, 1–6 years of age (2017) · cites this paper as Croteau-Chonka et al., 2016
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- Authors
- Croteau-Chonka, E. C., Dean, D. C., Remer, J., Dirks, H., O'Muircheartaigh, J., & Deoni, S. C. L.
- Affiliations
- Brown University (US)
- University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
- Corresponding author
- Croteau-Chonka, Elise C.
- Venue
- NeuroImage
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2016-01
- Volume
- 125
- Pages
- 413-421
- ISSN
- 1053-8119 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4691410
- OpenAlex
- W1755159120
- Cited by
- 70
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 6
- FWCI
- 5.94
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- NeuroImage (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Portal (King's College London) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Mental Health (R01 MH087510)
- Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (PN 151325)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Keywords
- cortical maturation, white matter myelination, cortical thickness, myelin water fraction, early childhood neurodevelopment, cortical development, brain microstructure
- MeSH terms
- Cerebral Cortex, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted, Infant, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Myelin Sheath, White Matter
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