Of larks and hearts—morningness/eveningness, heart rate variability and cardiovascular stress response at different times of day
Open accessAbstract
Inter-individual differences in the circadian period of physical and mental functions can be described on the dimension of morningness/eveningness. Previous findings support the assumption that eveningness is related to greater impulsivity and susceptibility to stress than morningness. Heart rate variability (HRV) serves as a physiological correlate of self- and emotional regulation and has not yet been investigated in relation to chronotypes. The study explores differences in HRV and other cardiovascular measures in morning- and evening-types at rest and under stress at different times of day (8-11 a.m. or 4-7 p.m.). Students (N=471) were screened for chronotype and n=55 females (27 morning- and 28 evening-types) were recruited for testing. These participants performed a mental arithmetic task while heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) were recorded. Spectral components and a time-domain measure of HRV were calculated on HR data from resting and mental stress periods. Evening-types had significantly higher HR and systolic BP, but lower HRV than morning-types both at baseline and during stress. Stress induced in the evening had a significantly stronger impact on absolute and baseline corrected physiological measures in both chronotypes. The interaction of chronotype and testing time did not reach the level of significance for any of the dependent variables. The enhanced physiological arousal in evening-types might contribute to increased vulnerability to psychological distress. Hence, previous behavioral findings are supported by the physiological data of this study.
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- Authors
- Roeser, K., Obergfell, F., Meule, A., Vögele, C., Schlarb, A. A., & Kübler, A.
- Affiliations
- University of Würzburg (DE)
- University of Luxembourg (LU)
- University of Koblenz and Landau (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Roeser, Karolin
- Venue
- Physiology & Behavior
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2012-05
- Volume
- 106
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 151-157
- ISSN
- 0031-9384 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2018498446
- Cited by
- 95
- References
- 62
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 5.76
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- orbilu.uni.lu
- Licence
- cc-by-nc-sa
- www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
- Locations
- Physiology & Behavior (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Open Repository and Bibliography (University of Luxembourg) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- PUB – Publications at Bielefeld University (Bielefeld University) (submittedVersion)
- Publikationen an der Universität Bielefeld (Universität Bielefeld) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Keywords
- chronotype, heart rate variability, cardiovascular stress response, mental arithmetic stress, blood pressure, heart rate, time of day, emotion regulation, impulsivity
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Psychological, Adolescent, Adult, Blood Pressure, Circadian Rhythm, Emotions, Female, Heart Rate, Humans, Individuality, Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders, Middle Aged, Personality Inventory, Social Control, Informal, Stress, Psychological
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