Novelty seekers and impulsive subjects are low in morningness
Abstract
The bipolar dimension of morningness-eveningness refers to the preferred times of day for achieving various activities (i.e. the phase of the circadian clock). It is validated from a biological point of view, associated with at least one gene and heritable through an epistatic mechanism. It has been used as a proxy to study the relationships between the circadian system, personality and psychopathology: there is a correlation between the evening orientation and depression, extraversion and, probably, impulsivity. Furthermore, there is a possible relationship with temperament in children as theorized by Thomas and Chess. In this paper, we expanded on the hypothesis that impulsive subjects are low in morningness by performing a factor analysis of the Composite Scale of Morningness, Cloninger's temperament and character inventory, and Spielberger's trait anxiety inventory in a sample of 129 males. The results can probably be extended to women. Morningness is negatively correlated with novelty seeking (which includes an impulsivity facet), positively correlated with persistence, and independent of character dimensions and trait anxiety. Future research may focus in the involvement of the circadian system in these personality dimensions and facets, and the benefits of adding chronotherapic manipulations in the treatment of the personality disorders.
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Eveningness is associated with depression, reduced reward responsiveness, blunted positive affect rhythms, sensation seeking, poor self-regulation, and impulsivity.
“eveningness is associated with depression, reduced reward responsiveness, blunted positive affect rhythms, sensation seeking, poor self-regulation, and impulsivity (70,71,73–79).”
From Impact of Sleep and Circadian Rhythms on Addiction Vulnerability in Adolescents (2018) · cites this paper as [74]
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- Authors
- Caci, H., Robert, P., & Boyer, P.
- Affiliations
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice (FR)
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- Corresponding author
- Caci, Hervé
- Venue
- European Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2004-04
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 79-84
- ISSN
- 0924-9338 (ISSN-L)
- 1778-3585
- OpenAlex
- W2026835145
- Cited by
- 172
- References
- 47
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 8.05
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- European Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Pfizer
- University of New South Wales
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Keywords
- chronotype, circadian rhythm, novelty seeking, impulsivity, temperament, persistence, trait anxiety, chronotherapy, personality disorders, depression, extraversion
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Circadian Rhythm, Exploratory Behavior, Factor Analysis, Statistical, France, Humans, Impulsive Behavior, Male, Personality Inventory, Psychometrics, Students
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