Distinct brain networks for remote episodic memory depending on content and emotional experience
Open accessAbstract
Memories of life episodes are the heart of individual stories. However, modelling episodic memory is a major challenge in both humans and animals when considering all its characteristics. As a consequence, the mechanisms that underlie the storage of old nontraumatic episodic memories remain enigmatic. Here, using a new task in rodents that models human episodic memory including odour/place/context components and applying advances behavioural and computational analyses, we show that rats form and recollect integrated remote episodic memories of two occasionally encountered complex episodes occurring in their daily life. Similar to humans, the information content and accuracy of memories vary across individuals and depend on the emotional relationship with odours experienced during the very first episode. We used cellular brain imaging and functional connectivity analyses, to find out the engrams of remote episodic memories for the first time. Activated brain networks completely reflect the nature and content of episodic memories, with a larger cortico-hippocampal network when the recollection is complete and with an emotional brain network related to odours that is critical in maintaining accurate and vivid memories. The engrams of remote episodic memories remain highly dynamic since synaptic plasticity processes occur during recall related to memory updates and reinforcement.
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The orbitofrontal cortex is involved in processing associative olfactory learning memory in mice and odor-evoked memory in humans.
“the orbitofrontal cortex is involved in processing associative olfactory learning memory in mice and odor-evoked memory in humans [60–63].”
From Positive early-life olfactory memory is rooted in the olfactory bulb and triggers large-scale changes beyond the olfactory system (2026) · cites this paper as [60]
The Discussion (page not supplied) says the orbitofrontal cortex has a major role in associative olfactory memory, supporting the general point. The paper studies rats, however, and the passages do not establish the claimed involvement specifically in mice or in human odor-evoked memory. (LLM, conf=0.85)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe dorsal hippocampus was functionally recruited 1 month after learning but disengaged 5 months later, while the medial prefrontal cortex and orbitofrontal cortex remained interconnected with the accessory and main olfactory bulb.
“while the dorsal hippocampus was still functionally recruited 1 month after learning, consistent with previous studies [60,70], it was functionally disengaged 5 months later, while the typical cluster of long-term memory, involving the medial prefrontal cortex and orbitofrontal cortex, was still interconnected along with the accessory and main OB.”
From Positive early-life olfactory memory is rooted in the olfactory bulb and triggers large-scale changes beyond the olfactory system (2026) · cites this paper as [60]
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- Authors
- Auguste, A., Fourcaud-Trocmé, N., Meunier, D., Gros, A., Garcia, S., Messaoudi, B., Thevenet, M., Ravel, N., & Veyrac, A.
- Affiliations
- Lyon 1 Université (FR)
- Corresponding author
- Veyrac, Alexandra
- Venue
- Progress in Neurobiology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2023-04
- Volume
- 223
- Pages
- 102422
- ISSN
- 0301-0082 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4320921309
- Cited by
- 14
- References
- 76
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1
- FWCI
- 1.94
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
- www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
- www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/ (am, 356 d)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-017 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-037 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-012 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-029 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-004 (stm-asf)
- Locations
- Progress in Neurobiology (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HAL AMU (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Université de Lyon
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
- University Claude Bernard Lyon 1
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Keywords
- memory engrams, recollection, emotional memory, memory vividness, memory accuracy, synaptic plasticity, memory updating, rats
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Brain, Emotions, Hippocampus, Humans, Mental Recall, Rats, Memory, Long-Term, Memory, Episodic
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