Depression symptom severity and error-related brain activity
Abstract
The present study examined the relationship between depression and neural correlates of response monitoring using event-related potentials (ERPs). The error-related negativity (ERN) and correct response negativity (CRN) are ERPs that present as a negative deflection approximately 50 ms following an erroneous and correct response, respectively; the error positivity (Pe) is a positive deflection approximately 200 ms following an erroneous response. Some studies have reported an increased ERN in individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD), but others have failed to find such differences. Results on the Pe in MDD have also been mixed. In the current study, unmedicated individuals with MDD (N=22) and healthy controls (N=22) performed an arrow version of the flanker task. Although these groups did not differ on the ERN or CRN overall, depression severity related to the CRN and the differentiation between the ERN and CRN (DeltaERN) in the MDD group: more severe depression was associated with an increased CRN and a reduced DeltaERN. Additionally, the difference between the Pe on error and correct trials (DeltaPe) was reduced among individuals with MDD compared to healthy controls. These data suggest that individuals with severe depression have a reduced differentiation between error and correct trials on ERPs that index error monitoring and awareness.
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Studies using the Flanker task do not observe a significant difference in spatial selective attention performance between unmedicated major depressive disorder patients and healthy controls.
“More often than not, studies investigating spatial selective attention by using the Flanker task (identifying the direction of an arrow flanked by distracting arrows) do not observe a significant difference in performance between unmedicated MDD patients and healthy controls21,22.”
From Paying attention to attention in depression (2019) · cites this paper as [22]
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- Authors
- Olvet, D. M., Klein, D. N., & Hajcak, G.
- Affiliations
- Northwell Health (US)
- Stony Brook University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Olvet, Doreen M.
- Venue
- Psychiatry Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2010-08
- Volume
- 179
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 30-37
- ISSN
- 0165-1781 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2149175274
- Cited by
- 110
- References
- 73
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 5.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychiatry Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R03MH082113)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
- Keywords
- major depressive disorder, depression severity, error-related negativity, correct response negativity, error positivity, response monitoring, error awareness, flanker task, event-related potentials, untreated depression
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Analysis of Variance, Brain, Contingent Negative Variation, Depression, Electroencephalography, Evoked Potentials, Visual, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Photic Stimulation, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychophysics, Reaction Time, Young Adult
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