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ROS and the DNA damage response in cancer
Open accessAbstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are a group of short-lived, highly reactive, oxygen-containing molecules that can induce DNA damage and affect the DNA damage response (DDR). There is unequivocal pre-clinical and clinical evidence that ROS influence the genotoxic stress caused by chemotherapeutics agents and ionizing radiation. Recent studies have provided mechanistic insight into how ROS can also influence the cellular response to DNA damage caused by genotoxic therapy, especially in the context of Double Strand Breaks (DSBs). This has led to the clinical evaluation of agents modulating ROS in combination with genotoxic therapy for cancer, with mixed success so far. These studies point to context dependent outcomes with ROS modulator combinations with Chemotherapy and radiotherapy, indicating a need for additional pre-clinical research in the field. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge on the effect of ROS in the DNA damage response, and its clinical relevance.
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“The most frequently occurring mutations in the tumor suppressor gene TP53 in lung cancer are Guanine → Thymine and Guanine → Adenine transversions (Srinivas et al. 2019; Gibbons et al. 2014).”
From Reactive Oxygen Species, Toxicity, Oxidative Stress, and Antioxidants: Chronic Diseases and Aging (2023) · cites this paper as Srinivas et al. 2019
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“The accumulation of ROS can lead to oxidative stress, which can cause damage to cellular components, including DNA [20,21].”
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ERK5 suppression overcomes FAK inhibitor resistance in mutant KRAS-driven non-small cell lung cancer
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“High cellular ROS levels cause irreversible damage to proteins, DNA and lipids (Juan et al, 2021; Srinivas et al, 2019).”
The role of pyroptosis in the occurrence and development of pregnancy-related diseases
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“However, also DDR kinases ATM, ATR and DNA-PK have been described to play a pivotal role in cell cycle progression, ROS regulation and mitochondrial activity [39, 41, 44, 45].”
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“Notably, Cu 2 + , functioning as potent peroxide-like enzymes, can induce intracellular ROS accumulation through a Fenton-like reaction, causing mitochondrial DNA impairment [15,16].”
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Redox‐sensitive signaling pathways in renal cell carcinoma
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“OS might participate in cancer development by triggering genotoxic (direct DNA damage) and nongenotoxic (epigenetic and cell signaling alterations) mechanisms.(27) ROS can also modulate cell signaling pathways, regulating cell proliferation, survival, and differentiation.”
BackgroundPattern recognition of tumor dormancy and relapse beyond cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic pathways
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Rhein activated Fas-induced apoptosis pathway causing cardiotoxicity in vitro and in vivo
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Metal-polyphenol polymer modified polydopamine for chemo-photothermal therapy
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“However, excessive ROS in cells can cause severe damage toDNA, proteins and lipids and is considered to be a signal regulating apoptosis (Srinivas et al., 2019).”
BackgroundPhytosphingosine inhibits cell proliferation by damaging DNA in human cell lines
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A selective fluorescent turn-on probe for imaging and sensing of hydrogen peroxide in living cells
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“For example, factors such as carcinogens, ultraviolet (UV) light, inflammation, and aging can stimulate cells to produce excess H2O2 during the early stages of tumor formation, thus leading to DNA damage and, eventually, cancer [6].”
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Novel Pt(IV) Prodrugs Displaying Antimitochondrial Effects
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Metadata
- Authors
- Srinivas, U. S., Tan, B. W. Q., Vellayappan, B. A., & Jeyasekharan, A. D.
- Affiliations
- National University of Singapore (SG)
- National University Hospital (SG)
- Corresponding author
- Jeyasekharan, Anand D.
- Venue
- Redox Biology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2019-07
- Volume
- 25
- Pages
- 101084
- ISSN
- 2213-2317 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6859528
- OpenAlex
- W2906120852
- Cited by
- 2,144
- References
- 153
- Citations by year
- 2026: 217 · 2025: 396 · 2024: 392 · 2023: 381 · 2022: 335 · 2021: 262 · 2020: 132 · 2019: 26
- FWCI
- 10.28
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Redox Biology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- National University of Singapore (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- National Medical Research Council (NMRC/TA/0052/2016)
- AstraZeneca
- Ministry of Health -Singapore
- Meso Scale Diagnostics
- National Research Foundation Singapore
- Ministry of Education - Singapore
- Janssen Pharmaceuticals
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Redox biology and oxidative stress
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › DNA Repair Mechanisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Effects of Radiation Exposure
- Keywords
- reactive oxygen species, DNA damage response, cancer, DNA double-strand breaks, genotoxic stress, anticancer agents, ionizing radiation, radiosensitizers, combination therapy, oxidative DNA damage
- MeSH terms
- Animals, DNA Damage, DNA Repair, Humans, Neoplasms, Tumor Suppressor Protein p53, Apoptosis, Reactive Oxygen Species
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