Cited by 3,303Immunotherapy and Immune ResponsesCell death mechanisms and regulationCancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers

Immunogenic Cell Death in Cancer Therapy

Kroemer, Guido, Galluzzi, Lorenzo, Kepp, Oliver, Zitvogel, Laurence·2013·Annual Review of Immunology

Abstract

Depending on the initiating stimulus, cancer cell death can be immunogenic or nonimmunogenic. Immunogenic cell death (ICD) involves changes in the composition of the cell surface as well as the release of soluble mediators, occurring in a defined temporal sequence. Such signals operate on a series of receptors expressed by dendritic cells to stimulate the presentation of tumor antigens to T cells. We postulate that ICD constitutes a prominent pathway for the activation of the immune system against cancer, which in turn determines the long-term success of anticancer therapies. Hence, suboptimal regimens (failing to induce ICD), selective alterations in cancer cells (preventing the emission of immunogenic signals during ICD), or defects in immune effectors (abolishing the perception of ICD by the immune system) can all contribute to therapeutic failure. We surmise that ICD and its subversion by pathogens also play major roles in antiviral immune responses.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1146/annurev-immunol-032712-100008

Cites

112 of 112 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • CRT translocation from endoplasmic reticulum to the out-layer of plasma membrane depends on ER stress and is associated with PERK-mediated eIF2α phosphorylation.

    “It is known that CRT translocation from endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the out-layer of plasma membrane depends on an ER stress and associated with ER kinase (PERK)-mediated eIF2α phosphorylation [18, 19].”
  • ICD can be initiated by viral infection, some FDA-approved chemotherapeutics (e.g., anthracyclines, bortezomib), specific forms of radiation therapy, and hypericin-based photodynamic therapy.

    “ICD can be initiated by a relatively restricted set of stimuli, including viral infection, some FDA-approved chemotherapeutics (e.g., anthracyclines, bortezomib), specific forms of radiation therapy, and hypericin-based photodynamic therapy [854–861].”
  • The ATP-P2RX7 signaling recruits DCs into the tumor bed; the CRT-CD91 axis promotes DC to engulf cancer antigens; the HMGB1-TLR4 pathway facilitates optimal cancer antigen presentation.

    “The ATP-P2RX7 signaling recruits DCs into the tumor bed; the CRT-CD91 axis promotes DC to engulf cancer antigens; the HMGB1-TLR4 pathway facilitates the optimal cancer antigen presentation [36].”

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Authors
Kroemer, G., Galluzzi, L., Kepp, O., & Zitvogel, L.
Affiliations
  • Sorbonne Paris Cité (FR)
  • Institut Gustave Roussy (FR)
  • Université Paris-Sud (FR)
Corresponding author
Galluzzi, Lorenzo
Venue
Annual Review of Immunology
Published
2013-03-21
Volume
31
Issue
1
Pages
51-72
ISSN
  • 0732-0582 (ISSN-L)
  • 1545-3278
OpenAlex
W2120426523
Cited by
3,303
References
112
Citations by year
2026: 207 · 2025: 266 · 2024: 288 · 2023: 373 · 2022: 365 · 2021: 339 · 2020: 308 · 2019: 206 · 2018: 182 · 2017: 176 · 2016: 198 · 2015: 175 · 2014: 139 · 2013: 76 · 2012: 2
FWCI
11.31
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Annual Review of Immunology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • Cancer Research Institute
  • Ligue Contre le Cancer
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Cell death mechanisms and regulation
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
Keywords
immunogenic cell death, cancer immunotherapy, dendritic cells, tumor antigen presentation, T cell activation, soluble mediators, cell surface changes, immune evasion, treatment failure, antiviral immunity
MeSH terms
Animals, Humans, Immunity, Cellular, Neoplasms, Cell Death, Cancer Vaccines

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