Investigation of the primary production routes of nickel and cobalt products used for Li-ion batteries
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Nickel laterites need to either be smelted completely or be hydrometallurgically processed resulting in increased process complexity and energy intensity.
“Specifically, nickel laterites need to either be smelted completely or be hydrometallurgically processed resulting in increased process complexity and energy intensity (Schmidt et al., 2016).”
From Think global act local: The dependency of global lithium-ion battery emissions on production location and material sources (2024) · cites this paper as Schmidt et al., 2016
Generally, producing nickel from sulphide ores comes with a lower CO2 intensity compared to laterite ores.
“Generally, producing nickel from sulphide ores comes with a lower CO 2 intensity compared to laterite ores.”
From Think global act local: The dependency of global lithium-ion battery emissions on production location and material sources (2024) · cites this paper as Schmidt et al., 2016
Producing nickel from sulphide ores comes with a lower CO2 intensity compared to laterite ores.
“Generally, producing nickel from sulphide ores comes with a lower CO 2 intensity compared to laterite ores.”
From Think global act local: The dependency of global lithium-ion battery emissions on production location and material sources (2024) · cites this paper as Schmidt et al., 2016
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- Authors
- Schmidt, T., Buchert, M., & Schebek, L.
- Affiliations
- Institut für Energie- und Umweltforschung Heidelberg (DE)
- Oeko Institut (DE)
- Technische Universität Darmstadt (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Schmidt, Tobias
- ORCID
- Schebek, Liselotte
- Venue
- Resources Conservation and Recycling
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2016-09
- Volume
- 112
- Pages
- 107-122
- ISSN
- 0921-3449 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2398454601
- Cited by
- 129
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 16 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 4.74
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Resources Conservation and Recycling (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Publikationsdatenbank der Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft) (submittedVersion)
- Fraunhofer-Publica (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft) (submittedVersion)
- TUbilio (Technical University of Darmstadt) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- University of Missouri
- Missouri University of Science and Technology
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanical Engineering › Extraction and Separation Processes
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Engineering › Environmental Impact and Sustainability
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Building and Construction › Mining and Resource Management
- Keywords
- nickel production, cobalt production, lithium-ion batteries, cathode materials, NMC, NCA, LiCoO2, ore types, production routes, material flow analysis, process chain, electric vehicles, environmental impact of batteries, upstream process
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