What are lipoproteins doing in the brain?

Wang, Hong; Eckel, Robert H.

doi:10.1016/j.tem.2013.10.003

Cited by 234Barrier Structure and Function StudiesCholesterol and Lipid MetabolismLipid metabolism and disorders

What are lipoproteins doing in the brain?

Open access

Wang, Hong, Eckel, Robert H.·2014·Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism

DOI 10.1016/j.tem.2013.10.003PMC PMC4062975

Open this paper in CoChat — free account Open PDF

Abstract

Lipoproteins in plasma transport lipids between tissues, however, only high-density lipoproteins (HDL) appear to traverse the blood-brain barrier (BBB); thus, lipoproteins found in the brain must be produced within the central nervous system. Apolipoproteins E (ApoE) and ApoJ are the most abundant apolipoproteins in the brain, are mostly synthesized by astrocytes, and are found on HDL. In the hippocampus and other brain regions, lipoproteins help to regulate neurobehavioral functions by processes that are lipoprotein receptor-mediated. Moreover, lipoproteins and their receptors also have roles in the regulation of body weight and energy balance, acting through lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-related protein (LRP). Thus, understanding lipoproteins and their metabolism in the brain provides a new opportunity with potential therapeutic relevance.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.tem.2013.10.003

Cites

68 of 68 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Most cholesterol in the CNS is synthesized in situ because the blood-brain barrier blocks transport of peripheral lipoprotein cholesterol to the brain.
“Most cholesterol in CNS is synthesized in situ, because the transport of lipoprotein-mediated peripheral cholesterol to brain is blocked by BBB [29, 30].”
From MicroRNAs in brain cholesterol metabolism and their implications for Alzheimer's disease (2016) · cites this paper as [30]
The “Major Differences between Lipoproteins in Plasma vs. in the Brain” section says the BBB necessitates local synthesis to maintain brain cholesterol homeostasis, supporting the main point. But it also says some circulating HDL enters the brain, and the “Scavenger receptor class B type 1 (SR-BI)” section describes uptake of HDL-associated cholesterol ester after HDL crosses the BBB. The claim’s categorical statement that the BBB blocks peripheral lipoprotein-mediated cholesterol transport is therefore too strong; page numbers were not available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
In APOEch, homeostatic gliovascular unit (GVU) regulation appears to be determined by CLU and APOE gene expression, possibly via cholesterol efflux and lipid regulation on the blood-brain barrier (BBB).
“Homeostatic GVU regulation in APOEch seems to be determined by CLU and APOE gene expression, possibly via cholesterol efflux and lipid regulation on the BBB [125]”
From Gliovascular alterations in sporadic and familial Alzheimer's disease: <scp><i>APOE3</i></scp> Christchurch homozygote glioprotection (2023) · cites this paper as [125]
The sections on lipoprotein metabolism and plasma–brain differences (page unavailable) discuss ApoE and ApoJ/clusterin expression, cholesterol transport, and the BBB’s role in brain cholesterol homeostasis. They do not address APOEch or say that CLU and APOE gene expression determines homeostatic gliovascular-unit regulation, including through effects on the BBB. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Reeler/Disabled-like Disruption of Neuronal Migration in Knockout Mice Lacking the VLDL Receptor and ApoE Receptor 2
Trommsdorff, M., Gotthardt, M., Hiesberger, T., Shelton, J., Stockinger, W., Nimpf, J., Hammer, R. E., Richardson, J. A., & Herz, J. (1999) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)80782-5 · Cited by 1,261 · see citing works
Lipoprotein lipase: from gene to obesity
Wang, H., & Eckel, R. H. (2009) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.90920.2008 · Cited by 862 · see citing works
Self-citation
Apolipoprotein E and Apolipoprotein E Receptors: Normal Biology and Roles in Alzheimer Disease
Holtzman, D. M., Herz, J., & Bu, G. (2012) · Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine · doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a006312 · Cited by 782 · see citing works
LDL Receptor-Related Protein 1: Unique Tissue-Specific Functions Revealed by Selective Gene Knockout Studies
Lillis, A. P., Duyn, L. B. V., Murphy-Ullrich, J. E., & Strickland, D. K. (2008) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00033.2007 · Cited by 702 · see citing works
Reelin and ApoE receptors cooperate to enhance hippocampal synaptic plasticity and learning
Weeber, E. J., Beffert, U., Jones, C., Christian, J. M., Förster, E., Sweatt, J. D., & Herz, J. (2002) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m205147200 · Cited by 623 · see citing works
ApoE influences amyloid-β (Aβ) clearance despite minimal apoE/Aβ association in physiological conditions
Verghese, P. B., Castellano, J. M., Garai, K., Wang, Y., Jiang, H., Shah, A., Bu, G., Frieden, C., & Holtzman, D. M. (2013) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1220484110 · Cited by 556 · see citing works
Cholesterol metabolism in neurons and astrocytes
Pfrieger, F. W., & Ungerer, N. (2011) · Progress in Lipid Research · doi:10.1016/j.plipres.2011.06.002 · Cited by 500 · see citing works
Modulation of synaptic plasticity and memory by Reelin involves differential splicing of the lipoprotein receptor Apoer2
Beffert, U., Weeber, E. J., Durudas, A., Qiu, S., Masiulis, I., Sweatt, J. D., Li, W.-P., Adelmann, G., Frotscher, M., Hammer, R. E., et al. (2005) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2005.07.007 · Cited by 497 · see citing works
Amyloid precursor protein regulates brain apolipoprotein E and cholesterol metabolism through lipoprotein receptor LRP1
Liu, Q., Zerbinatti, C. V., Zhang, J., Hoe, H.-S., Wang, B., Cole, S. L., Herz, J., Muglia, L., & Bu, G. (2007) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2007.08.008 · Cited by 364 · see citing works
Lipid-based carriers of microRNAs and intercellular communication
Vickers, K. C., & Remaley, A. T. (2012) · Current Opinion in Lipidology · doi:10.1097/mol.0b013e328350a425 · Cited by 314 · see citing works
Characterization of four lipoprotein classes in human cerebrospinal fluid
Koch, S., Donarski, N., Goetze, K., Kreckel, M., Stuerenburg, H.-J., Buhmann, C., & Beisiegel, U. (2001) · Journal of Lipid Research · doi:10.1016/s0022-2275(20)31605-9 · Cited by 298 · see citing works
Neuronal LRP1 knockout in adult mice leads to impaired brain lipid metabolism and progressive, age-dependent synapse loss and neurodegeneration
Liu, Q., Trotter, J., Zhang, J., Peters, M. M., Cheng, H., Bao, J., Han, X., Weeber, E. J., & Bu, G. (2010) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.4067-10.2010 · Cited by 268 · see citing works
Uptake and transport of high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) and HDL‐associated α‐tocopherol by an in vitro blood–brain barrier model
Balázs, Z., Panzenboeck, U., Hammer, A., Sovic, A., Quehenberger, O., Malle, E., & Sattler, W. (2004) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2004.02373.x · Cited by 239 · see citing works
Neuronal LRP1 Functionally Associates with Postsynaptic Proteins and Is Required for Normal Motor Function in Mice
May, P., Rohlmann, A., Bock, H. H., Zurhove, K., Marth, J. D., Schomburg, E. D., Noebels, J. L., Beffert, U., Sweatt, J. D., Weeber, E. J., et al. (2004) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.24.20.8872-8883.2004 · Cited by 236 · see citing works
Homozygous Deletion of the Very Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor Gene Causes Autosomal Recessive Cerebellar Hypoplasia with Cerebral Gyral Simplification
Boycott, K. M., Flavelle, S. C., Bureau, A., Glass, H. C., Fujiwara, T., Wirrell, E. C., Davey, K., Chudley, A. E., Scott, J. N., McLeod, D. R., et al. (2005) · The American Journal of Human Genetics · doi:10.1086/444400 · Cited by 221 · see citing works
Lipoproteins in the Central Nervous System
LaDu, M. J., Reardon, C. A., Eldik, L. J. V., Fagan, A. M., Bu, G., HOLTZMAN, D., & Getz, G. S. (2000) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb06365.x · Cited by 206 · see citing works
Apolipoproteins in the brain: implications for neurological and psychiatric disorders
Elliott, D. A., Weickert, C. S., & Garner, B. (2010) · Clinical Lipidology · doi:10.2217/clp.10.37 · Cited by 196 · see citing works
ABCA1 and Scavenger Receptor Class B, Type I, Are Modulators of Reverse Sterol Transport at an in Vitro Blood-Brain Barrier Constituted of Porcine Brain Capillary Endothelial Cells
Panzenboeck, U., Balázs, Z., Sovic, A., Hrzenjak, A., Levak‐Frank, S., Wintersperger, A., Malle, E., & Sattler, W. (2002) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m207601200 · Cited by 196 · see citing works
Formation and function of apolipoprotein E-containing lipoproteins in the nervous system.
Vance, J., & Hayashi, H. (2010) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.bbalip.2010.02.007 · Cited by 185 · see citing works
α-Tocopherol Metabolism Is Abnormal in Scavenger Receptor Class B Type I (SR-BI)-Deficient Mice
Mardones, P., Strobel, P., Miranda‐Rottmann, S., Leighton, F., Quiñones, V., Amigo, L., Rozowski, J., Krieger, M., & Rigotti, A. (2002) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1093/jn/132.3.443 · Cited by 184 · see citing works
Purification and characterization of astrocyte-secreted apolipoprotein E and J-containing lipoproteins from wild-type and human apoE transgenic mice
DeMattos, R. B., Brendza, R. P., Heuser, J. E., Kierson, M., Cirrito, J. R., Fryer, J., Sullivan, P. M., Fagan, A. M., Han, X., & Holtzman, D. M. (2001) · Neurochemistry International · doi:10.1016/s0197-0186(01)00049-3 · Cited by 180 · see citing works
Ontogenesis and regulation of cholesterol metabolism in the central nervous system of the mouse
Quan, G., Xie, C., Dietschy, J. M., & Turley, S. D. (2003) · Developmental Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.devbrainres.2003.09.015 · Cited by 177 · see citing works
Apolipoprotein E-Containing Lipoproteins Protect Neurons from Apoptosis via a Signaling Pathway Involving Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-1
Hayashi, H., Campenot, R. B., Vance, D. E., & Vance, J. E. (2007) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.5471-06.2007 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Cholesterol efflux is differentially regulated in neurons and astrocytes: Implications for brain cholesterol homeostasis
Chen, J., Zhang, X., Kusumo, H., Costa, L. G., & Guizzetti, M. (2013) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids · doi:10.1016/j.bbalip.2012.09.007 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
Scavenger receptor class B, type I is expressed in porcine brain capillary endothelial cells and contributes to selective uptake of HDL‐associated vitamin E
Goti, D., Hrzenjak, A., Levak‐Frank, S., Frank, S., van der Westhuyzen, D. R., Malle, E., & Sattler, W. (2001) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00100.x · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Deficiency of Lipoprotein Lipase in Neurons Modifies the Regulation of Energy Balance and Leads to Obesity
Wang, H., Astarita, G., Taussig, M. D., Bharadwaj, K. G., DiPatrizio, N. V., Nave, K.-A., Piomelli, D., Goldberg, I. J., & Eckel, R. H. (2011) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2010.12.006 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Self-citation
Lipid rafts, synaptic transmission and plasticity: Impact in age-related neurodegenerative diseases
Sebastião, A. M., Colino-Oliveira, M., Assaife‐Lopes, N., Dias, R. B., & Ribeiro, J. A. (2012) · Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2012.06.053 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Evaluation of the blood-CSF barrier by protein gradients and the humoral immune response within the central nervous system
Felgenhauer, K., Schliep, G., & Rapic, N. (1976) · Journal of the Neurological Sciences · doi:10.1016/0022-510x(76)90259-8 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Nascent high density lipoproteins formed by ABCA1 resemble lipid rafts and are structurally organized by three apoA-I monomers
Sorci‐Thomas, M. G., Owen, J. S., Fulp, B. E., Bhat, S., Zhu, X., Parks, J. S., Shah, D., Jerome, W. G., Gerelus, M., Zabalawi, M., et al. (2012) · Journal of Lipid Research · doi:10.1194/jlr.m026674 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Mutations in the very low-density lipoprotein receptor VLDLR cause cerebellar hypoplasia and quadrupedal locomotion in humans
Özçelık, T., Akarsu, N. A., Uz, E., Çağlayan, Ş., Gülsüner, S., Onat, O. E., Tan, M., & Tan, Ü. (2008) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0710010105 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Lipoprotein Lipase in the Brain and Nervous System
Wang, H., & Eckel, R. H. (2012) · Annual Review of Nutrition · doi:10.1146/annurev-nutr-071811-150703 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Self-citation
Positive correlation between elevated plasma cholesterol levels and cognitive impairments in LDL receptor knockout mice: relevance of cortico-cerebral mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress
de Oliveira, J., Hort, M. A., Moreira, E. L. G., Glaser, V., Ribeiro‐do‐Valle, R. M., Prediger, R. D., Farina, M., Latini, A., & Bem, A. F. D. (2011) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.09.009 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Structure, isolation, composition and reconstitution of the neuronal fusion pore
Cho, W. J., Jeremic, A. M., Rognlien, K. T., Zhvania, M. G., Lazrishvili, I., Bikashvili, T., & Jena, B. P. (2004) · Cell Biology International · doi:10.1016/j.cellbi.2004.07.004 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
No evidence for direct incorporation of esterified palmitic acid from plasma into brain lipids of awake adult rat
Purdon, D., Arai, T., & Рапопорт, С. И. (1997) · Journal of Lipid Research · doi:10.1016/s0022-2275(20)37260-6 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Lipoprotein Receptor LRP1 Regulates Leptin Signaling and Energy Homeostasis in the Adult Central Nervous System
Liu, Q., Zhang, J., Zerbinatti, C., Zhan, Y., Kolber, B. J., Herz, J., Muglia, L. J., & Bu, G. (2011) · PLoS Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1000575 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Cellular Source of Apolipoprotein E4 Determines Neuronal Susceptibility to Excitotoxic Injury in Transgenic Mice
Buttini, M., Masliah, E., Yu, G.-Q., Palop, J. J., Chang, S., Bernardo, A., Lin, C., Wyss-Coray, T., Huang, Y., & Mucke, L. (2010) · The American Journal of Pathology · doi:10.2353/ajpath.2010.090973 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Apolipoprotein E does not cross the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier, as revealed by an improved technique for sampling CSF from mice
Liu, M., Kuhel, D. G., Shen, L., Hui, D. Y., & Woods, S. C. (2012) · American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00219.2012 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
A common Hpa I RFLP of apolipoprotein C-I increases gene transcription and exhibits an ethnically distinct pattern of linkage disequilibrium with the alleles of apolipoprotein E
Xu, Y. K., Berglund, L., Ramakrishnan, R., Mayeux, R. P., Ngai, C. I., Holleran, S., Tycko, B., Leff, T., & Shachter, N. S. (1999) · Journal of Lipid Research · doi:10.1016/s0022-2275(20)33338-1 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Neuronal fusion pore assembly requires membrane cholesterol
Cho, W. J., Jeremic, A. M., Jin, H., Ren, G., & Jena, B. P. (2007) · Cell Biology International · doi:10.1016/j.cellbi.2007.06.011 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Age-Related Cognitive Decline in Hypercholesterolemic LDL Receptor Knockout Mice (LDLr−/−): Evidence of Antioxidant Imbalance and Increased Acetylcholinesterase Activity in the Prefrontal Cortex
Moreira, E. L. G., de Oliveira, J., Nunes, J. C., Santos, D. B., Nunes, F. C., Vieira, D. S. C., Ribeiro-do-Valle, R. M., Pamplona, F. A., de Bem, A. F., Farina, M., et al. (2012) · Journal of Alzheimer's Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-2012-120541 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Presynaptic Defects Underlying Impaired Learning and Memory Function in Lipoprotein Lipase-Deficient Mice
Xian, X., Liu, T., Yu, J. H., Wang, Y., Miao, Y., Zhang, J., Yu, Y., Ross, C. J., Karasinska, J. M., Hayden, M. R., et al. (2009) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.0297-09.2009 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Identification of the Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) Receptor-related Protein-1 Interactome in Central Nervous System Myelin Suggests a Role in the Clearance of Necrotic Cell Debris
Fernández-Castañeda, A., Arandjelovic, S., Stiles, T. L., Schlobach, R. K., Mowen, K. A., Gonias, S. L., & Gaultier, A. (2012) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m112.384693 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Lipid rafts: A signalling platform linking lipoprotein metabolism to atherogenesis
Lemaire‐Ewing, S., Lagrost, L., & Néel, D. (2011) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2011.10.016 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Identification of a nonsense mutation in the very low-density lipoprotein receptor gene (VLDLR) in an Iranian family with dysequilibrium syndrome
Moheb, L. A., Tzschach, A., Garshasbi, M., Kahrizi, K., Darvish, H., Heshmati, Y., Kordi, A., Najmabadi, H., Ropers, H., & Kuss, A. W. (2007) · European Journal of Human Genetics · doi:10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201967 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
A heterogenous, pore-vesicle membrane model for protein transfer from blood to cerebrospinal fluid at the choroid plexus
Rapoport, S. I., & Pettigrew, K. D. (1979) · Microvascular Research · doi:10.1016/0026-2862(79)90020-7 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Lipid raft disarrangement as a result of neuropathological progresses: A novel strategy for early diagnosis?
Marín, R., Rojo, J. A. P., Fabelo, N., Fernandez, C. E., & Díaz, M. L. (2013) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.04.025 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Roles of apolipoprotein E4 (ApoE4) in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease: lessons from ApoE mouse models
Huang, Y. (2011) · Biochemical Society Transactions · doi:10.1042/bst0390924 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Oxidative stress impairs learning and memory in apoE knockout mice
Evola, M., Hall, A., Wall, T., Young, A. M., & Grammas, P. (2010) · Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2010.05.003 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
ApoE receptor 2 regulates synapse and dendritic spine formation
Dumanis, S. B., Cha, H.-J., Song, J. M., Trotter, J. H., Spitzer, M., Lee, J.-Y., Weeber, E. J., Turner, R. S., Pak, D. T. S., Rebeck, G. W., et al. (2011) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0017203 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Targeting ApoE4/ApoE receptor LRP1 in Alzheimer's disease
Martiskainen, H., Haapasalo, A., Kurkinen, K. M. A., Pihlajamäki, J., Soininen, H. S., & Hiltunen, M. O. (2013) · Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets · doi:10.1517/14728222.2013.789862 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Human apolipoprotein C-I expression in mice impairs learning and memory functions
Abildayeva, K., Berbée, J. F. P., Blokland, A., Jansen, P. J., Hoek, F. J., Meijer, O. C., Lütjohann, D., Gautier, T., Pillot, T., de Vente, J., et al. (2007) · Journal of Lipid Research · doi:10.1194/jlr.m700518-jlr200 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
EM 3D contour maps provide protein assembly at the nanoscale within the neuronal porosome complex
Cho, W. J., Ren, G., & Jena, B. P. (2008) · Journal of Microscopy · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2818.2008.02088.x · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Neuronal porosome proteome: Molecular dynamics and architecture
Lee, J.-S., Jeremic, A. M., Shin, L., Cho, W. J., Chen, X., & Jena, B. P. (2012) · Journal of Proteomics · doi:10.1016/j.jprot.2012.05.017 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
The very low density lipoprotein receptor is not necessary for maintaining brain polyunsaturated fatty acid concentrations
Rahman, T., Taha, A. Y., Song, B. J., Orr, S. K., Liu, Z., Chen, C. T., & Bazinet, R. P. (2010) · Prostaglandins Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids · doi:10.1016/j.plefa.2009.11.003 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Increased locomotor activity in mice lacking the low-density lipoprotein receptor
Elder, G. A., Ragnauth, A. K., Dorr, N. P., Franciosi, S., Schmeidler, J., Haroutunian, V. H., & Buxbaum, J. D. (2008) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2008.03.036 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Cellular Source-Specific Effects of Apolipoprotein (Apo) E4 on Dendrite Arborization and Dendritic Spine Development
Jain, S., Yoon, S. Y., Leung, L., Knöferle, J., & Huang, Y. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0059478 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Amyloid-β protein modulates the perivascular clearance of neuronal apolipoprotein E in mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease
Rolyan, H., Feike, A. C., Upadhaya, A. R., Waha, A., Dooren, T. V., Haass, C., Birkenmeier, G., Pietrzik, C. U., LEUVEN, F. V., & Thal, D. R. (2011) · Journal of Neural Transmission · doi:10.1007/s00702-010-0572-7 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
A missense founder mutation in VLDLR is associated with Dysequilibrium Syndrome without quadrupedal locomotion
Ali, B. R., Silhavy, J. L., Gleeson, M. J., Gleeson, J. G., & Al‐Gazali, L. (2012) · BMC Medical Genetics · doi:10.1186/1471-2350-13-80 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Preferential interactions between ApoE-containing lipoproteins and Aβ revealed by a detection method that combines size exclusion chromatography with non-reducing gel-shift
LaDu, M. J., Munson, G. W., Jungbauer, L. M., Getz, G. S., Reardon, C. A., Tai, L. M., & Yu, C. (2011) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids · doi:10.1016/j.bbalip.2011.11.005 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Porosome in astrocytes
Lee, J.-S., Cho, W. J., Jeftinija, K., Jeftinija, S., & Jena, B. P. (2008) · Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1582-4934.2008.00334.x · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Involvement of low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein and ABCG1 in stimulation of axonal extension by apoE-containing lipoproteins
Matsuo, M., Campenot, R. B., Vance, D. E., Ueda, K., & Vance, J. E. (2010) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids · doi:10.1016/j.bbalip.2010.10.004 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Apolipoprotein CI Knock-Out Mice Display Impaired Memory Functions
Berbée, J. F. P., Vanmierlo, T., Abildayeva, K., Blokland, A., Jansen, P. J., Lütjohann, D., Gautier, T., Sijbrands, E. J. G., Prickaerts, J., Hadfoune, M., et al. (2011) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-2010-100576 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Cholesterol is critical to the integrity of neuronal porosome/fusion pore
Jeremic, A. M., Cho, W. J., & Jena, B. P. (2006) · Ultramicroscopy · doi:10.1016/j.ultramic.2006.01.012 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Conformation states of the neuronal porosome complex
Cho, J. W., Lee, J.-S., & Jena, B. P. (2010) · Cell Biology International · doi:10.1042/cbi20100510 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
CSF lipoproteins and Alzheimer's disease.
Neely, M. D., & Montine, T. J. (2002) · PubMed · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Scavenger receptor class B, type I mediates uptake of lipoprotein-associated phosphatidylcholine by primary porcine cerebrovascular endothelial cells
Sovic, A., Balázs, Z., Hrzenjak, A., Reicher, H., Panzenboeck, U., Malle, E., & Sattler, W. (2004) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2004.04.097 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Nanoscale 3D contour map of protein assembly within the astrocyte porosome complex
Cho, W. J., Ren, G., Lee, J.-S., Jeftinija, K., Jeftinija, S., & Jena, B. P. (2008) · Cell Biology International · doi:10.1016/j.cellbi.2008.11.008 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Untitled work
Cole (2000) · doi:10.1002/1097-0029(20000815)50:4

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 2

[15]Vance JE Hayashi H Formation and function of apolipoprotein E-containing lipoproteins in the nervous system Biochim. Biophys. Acta 2010 1801 806 818 20170744
[59]Hayashi H Apolipoprotein E-containing lipoproteins protect neurons from apoptosis via a signaling pathway involving low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1 J. Neurosci 2007 27 1933 1941 17314289 PMC6673537

Sorted by citations

ApoE2, ApoE3, and ApoE4 Differentially Stimulate APP Transcription and Aβ Secretion
Huang, Y.-W. A., Zhou, B., Wernig, M., & Südhof, T. C. (2017) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2016.12.044 · Cited by 528 · see citing works
SARS-CoV-2 Infects the Brain Choroid Plexus and Disrupts the Blood-CSF Barrier in Human Brain Organoids
Pellegrini, L., Albecka, A., Mallery, D. L., Kellner, M. J., Paul, D., Carter, A. P., James, L. C., & Lancaster, M. A. (2020) · Cell stem cell · doi:10.1016/j.stem.2020.10.001 · Cited by 546 · see citing works
Physiological regulation of lipoprotein lipase
Kersten, S. (2014) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids · doi:10.1016/j.bbalip.2014.03.013 · Cited by 548 · see citing works
Age-associated Physiological and Pathological Changes at the Blood-Brain Barrier: A Review
Erdő, F., Denes, L., & de Lange, E. (2017) · Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism · doi:10.1177/0271678x16679420 · Cited by 426 · see citing works
Microengineered human blood–brain barrier platform for understanding nanoparticle transport mechanisms
Ahn, S. I., Sei, Y. J., Park, H., Kim, J., Ryu, Y., Choi, J. J., Sung, H., MacDonald, T. J., Levey, A. I., & Kim, Y. (2020) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-019-13896-7 · Cited by 409 · see citing works
Clusterin in Alzheimer’s Disease: Mechanisms, Genetics, and Lessons From Other Pathologies
Foster, E. M., Dangla-Valls, A., Lovestone, S., Ribe, E. M., & Buckley, N. J. (2019) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2019.00164 · Cited by 381 · see citing works
High-Density Lipoproteins: Nature’s Multifunctional Nanoparticles
Kuai, R., Li, D., Chen, Y. E., Moon, J. J., & Schwendeman, A. A. (2016) · ACS Nano · doi:10.1021/acsnano.5b07522 · Cited by 341 · see citing works
Lipid metabolism and lipid signals in aging and longevity
Mutlu, A. S., Duffy, J. D., & Wang, M. C. (2021) · Developmental Cell · doi:10.1016/j.devcel.2021.03.034 · Cited by 311 · see citing works
Lipid droplets in the nervous system
Ralhan, I., Chang, C.-L., Lippincott-Schwartz, J., & Ioannou, M. S. (2021) · Journal of Cell Biology · doi:10.1083/jcb.202102136 · Cited by 281 · see citing works
Lipid Processing in the Brain: A Key Regulator of Systemic Metabolism
Bruce, K. D., Zsombok, A., & Eckel, R. H. (2017) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2017.00060 · Cited by 264 · see citing works
Self-citation
Mechanisms of lysophosphatidylcholine‐induced demyelination: A primary lipid disrupting myelinopathy
Plemel, J. R., Michaels, N. J., Weishaupt, N., Caprariello, A. V., Keough, M. B., Rogers, J. A., Yukseloglu, A., Lim, J., Patel, V. V., Rawji, K. S., et al. (2018) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.23245 · Cited by 220 · see citing works
Characterization of brain‐derived extracellular vesicle lipids in Alzheimer's disease
Su, H., Rustam, Y. H., Masters, C. L., Makalic, E., McLean, C., Hill, A. F., Barnham, K. J., Reid, G. E., & Vella, L. J. (2021) · Journal of Extracellular Vesicles · doi:10.1002/jev2.12089 · Cited by 187 · see citing works
Lipid nanoparticle-mediated drug delivery to the brain
Khare, P., Edgecomb, S. X., Hamadani, C. M., Tanner, E. E. L., & S Manickam, D. (2023) · Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.addr.2023.114861 · Cited by 187 · see citing works
Lipopolysaccharide enters the rat brain by a lipoprotein-mediated transport mechanism in physiological conditions
Vargas-Caraveo, A., Sayd, A., Maus, S. R., Caso, J. R., Madrigal, J. L. M., García‐Bueno, B., & Leza, J. C. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-017-13302-6 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
APOE in the normal brain
Flowers, S. A., & Rebeck, G. W. (2020) · Neurobiology of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2019.104724 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Local cholesterol metabolism orchestrates remyelination
Berghoff, S. A., Spieth, L., & Saher, G. (2022) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/j.tins.2022.01.001 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Dietary Polar Lipids and Cognitive Development: A Narrative Review
Zheng, L. P., Fleith, M., Giuffrida, F., O’Neill, B. V., & Schneider, N. (2019) · Advances in Nutrition · doi:10.1093/advances/nmz051 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Lipid metabolism in astrocytic structure and function
Lee, J. A., Hall, B., Allsop, J., Alqarni, R., & Allen, S. P. (2021) · Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology · doi:10.1016/j.semcdb.2020.07.017 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Understanding extracellular vesicle and nanoparticle heterogeneity: Novel methods and considerations
Phillips, W., Willms, E., & Hill, A. F. (2021) · PROTEOMICS · doi:10.1002/pmic.202000118 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Agile delivery of protein therapeutics to CNS
Yi, X., Manickam, D. S., Brynskikh, A. M., & Kabanov, A. V. (2014) · Journal of Controlled Release · doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.06.017 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Alzheimer’s Disease: Mechanism and Approach to Cell Therapy
Amemori, T., Jendelová, P., Růžička, J., Urdzíková, L. M., & Syková, E. (2015) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms161125961 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
The role of the low-density lipoprotein receptor–related protein 1 (LRP-1) in regulating blood-brain barrier integrity
Zhao, Y., Li, Y., Zhao, J., Song, J., & Zhao, Y. (2016) · Reviews in the Neurosciences · doi:10.1515/revneuro-2015-0069 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Interactions of Lipids, Lipoproteins, and Apolipoproteins with the Blood-Brain Barrier
Rhea, E. M., & Banks, W. A. (2021) · Pharmaceutical Research · doi:10.1007/s11095-021-03098-6 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Targeting fatty acid metabolism in glioblastoma
Miska, J. M., & Chandel, N. S. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci163448 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Delivery of circulating lipoproteins to specific neurons in the Drosophila brain regulates systemic insulin signaling
Brankatschk, M., Dunst, S., Nemetschke, L., & Eaton, S. (2014) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.02862 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
The CLU-files: disentanglement of a mystery
Rohne, P., Prochnow, H., & Koch-Brandt, C. (2015) · BioMolecular Concepts · doi:10.1515/bmc-2015-0026 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
In vitro blood brain barrier models: An overview
Jagtiani, E., Yeolekar, M., Naik, S. V., & Patravale, V. B. (2022) · Journal of Controlled Release · doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.01.011 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Brain lipid sensing and the neural control of energy balance
Magnan, C., Levin, B. E., & Luquet, S. H. (2015) · Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.mce.2015.09.019 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Lipoproteins in the Central Nervous System: From Biology to Pathobiology
Raulin, A.-C., Martens, Y. A., & Bu, G. (2022) · Annual Review of Biochemistry · doi:10.1146/annurev-biochem-032620-104801 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
The role of protein corona on nanodrugs for organ-targeting and its prospects of application
Wang, S., Zhang, J., Zhou, H., Lu, Y. C., Jin, X., Luo, L., & Jian, Y. (2023) · Journal of Controlled Release · doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.06.014 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Lipid metabolism, remodelling and intercellular transfer in the CNS
Vanherle, S., Loix, M., Miron, V. E., Hendriks, J. J. A., & Bogie, J. F. J. (2025) · Nature reviews. Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/s41583-025-00908-3 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
In-depth analysis reveals complex molecular aetiology in a cohort of idiopathic cerebral palsy
Li, N., Zhou, P., Tang, H., He, L., Fang, X., Zhao, J., Wang, X., Qi, Y., Sun, C., Lin, Y., et al. (2021) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awab209 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Cholesterol Metabolism in Aging and Age-Related Disorders
Saher, G. (2023) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev-neuro-091922-034237 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Age‐related ultrastructural changes of the basement membrane in the mouse blood‐brain barrier
Ceafalan, L. C., Fertig, T. E., Gheorghe, T. C., Hinescu, M. E., Popescu, B. O., Pahnke, J., & Gherghiceanu, M. (2019) · Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1111/jcmm.13980 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Large-scale plasma metabolome analysis reveals alterations in HDL metabolism in migraine
Onderwater, G. L. J., Ligthart, L., Bot, M., Demirkan, A., Fu, J., Kallen, C., Vijfhuizen, L. S., Pool, R., Liu, J., Vanmolkot, F. H. M., et al. (2019) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0000000000007313 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Vitamin E: Mechanism of transport and regulation in the CNS
Lee, P., & Ulatowski, L. M. (2018) · IUBMB Life · doi:10.1002/iub.1993 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
ABCA1- and ABCG1-mediated cholesterol efflux capacity of cerebrospinal fluid is impaired in Alzheimer's disease
Marchi, C., Adorni, M. P., Caffarra, P., Ronda, N., Spallazzi, M., Barocco, F., Galimberti, D., Bernini, F., & Zimetti, F. (2019) · Journal of Lipid Research · doi:10.1194/jlr.p091033 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Advances in the Design of (Nano)Formulations for Delivery of Antisense Oligonucleotides and Small Interfering RNA: Focus on the Central Nervous System
Mendonça, M. C. P., Kont, A., Aburto, M. R., Cryan, J. F., & O’Driscoll, C. M. (2021) · Molecular Pharmaceutics · doi:10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c01238 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Protein Corona-Enabled Systemic Delivery and Targeting of Nanoparticles
Chen, D., Ganesh, S., Wang, W., & Amiji, M. M. (2020) · The AAPS Journal · doi:10.1208/s12248-020-00464-x · Cited by 72 · see citing works
The Role of Cholesterol Metabolism in Alzheimer’s Disease
Sun, J.-H., Yu, J.-T., & Tan, L. (2015) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s12035-014-8749-y · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Astrocytes and oligodendrocytes in grey and white matter regions of the brain metabolize fatty acids
Hofmann, K., Rodríguez‐Rodríguez, R., Gaebler, A., Casals, N., Scheller, A., & Kuerschner, L. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-017-11103-5 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Overnutrition Determines LPS Regulation of Mycotoxin Induced Neurotoxicity in Neurodegenerative Diseases
Martins, I. J. (2015) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms161226190 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
The shared role of cholesterol in neuronal and peripheral inflammation
Hansen, S. B., & Wang, H. (2023) · Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108486 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Self-citation
Insect models of central nervous system energy metabolism and its links to behavior
Rittschof, C. C., & Schirmeier, S. (2017) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.23235 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Arsenic-induced dyslipidemia in male albino rats: comparison between trivalent and pentavalent inorganic arsenic in drinking water
Afolabi, O. K., Wusu, A. D., Ogunrinola, O. O., Abam, E. O., Babayemi, D. O., Dosumu, O. A., Onunkwor, B. O., Balogun, E. A., Odukoya, O. O., & Ademuyiwa, O. (2015) · BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology · doi:10.1186/s40360-015-0015-z · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Apolipoprotein B is a novel marker for early tau pathology in Alzheimer's disease
Picard, C., Nilsson, N., Labonté, A., Auld, D., Rosa‐Neto, P., Initiative, T. A. D. N., Ashton, N. J., Zetterberg, H., Blennow, K., Breitner, J. C. B., et al. (2022) · Alzheimer's & Dementia · doi:10.1002/alz.12442 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Decreased arylesterase activity of paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) might be a common denominator of neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases
Castellazzi, M., Trentini, A., Romani, A., Valacchi, G., Bellini, T., Bonaccorsi, G., Fainardi, E., Cavicchio, C., Passaro, A., Zuliani, G., et al. (2016) · The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology · doi:10.1016/j.biocel.2016.06.008 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
A New Hypothesis for Alzheimer’s Disease: The Lipid Invasion Model
Rudge, J. D. (2022) · Journal of Alzheimer's Disease Reports · doi:10.3233/adr-210299 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
HDL Proteome and Alzheimer’s Disease: Evidence of a Link
Marsillach, J., Adorni, M. P., Zimetti, F., Papotti, B., Zuliani, G., & Cervellati, C. (2020) · Antioxidants · doi:10.3390/antiox9121224 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
The role of lipids in the central nervous system and their pathological implications in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Tracey, T. J., Kirk, S. E., Steyn, F. J., & Ngo, S. T. (2020) · Seminars in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.1016/j.semcdb.2020.08.012 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Punicic Acid and Its Role in the Prevention of Neurological Disorders: A Review
Guerra-Vázquez, C. M., Ávila, M. M., Guajardo‐Flores, D., & Antunes‐Ricardo, M. (2022) · Foods · doi:10.3390/foods11030252 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Brain-specific lipoprotein receptors interact with astrocyte derived apolipoprotein and mediate neuron-glia lipid shuttling
Yin, J., Spillman, E., Cheng, E. S., Short, J., Chen, Y., Lei, J., Gibbs, M., Rosenthal, J., Sheng, C., Chen, Y. X., et al. (2021) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-021-22751-7 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Functional role of extracellular vesicles and lipoproteins in the tumour microenvironment
Menard, J. A., Cerezo-Magaña, M., & Belting, M. (2017) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2016.0480 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Dysfunctional HDL in acute stroke
Ortiz-Munoz, G., Couret, D., Lapergue, B., Bruckert, É., Meseguer, E., Amarenco, P., & Meilhac, O. (2016) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.08.035 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Lipids shape brain function through ion channel and receptor modulations: physiological mechanisms and clinical perspectives
Incontro, S., Musella, M. L., Sammari, M., Scala, C. D., Fantini, J., & Debanne, D. (2024) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00004.2024 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Higher Levels of Oxidized Low Density Lipoproteins in Alzheimer’s Disease Patients: Roles for Platelet Activating Factor Acetyl Hydrolase and Paraoxonase-1
Bacchetti, T., Vignini, A., Giulietti, A., Nanetti, L., Provinciali, L., Luzzi, S., Mazzanti, L., & Ferretti, G. (2015) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-143096 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
VLDL-specific increases of fatty acids in autism spectrum disorder correlate with social interaction
Usui, N., Iwata, K., Miyachi, T., Takagai, S., Wakusawa, K., Nara, T., Tsuchiya, K. J., Matsumoto, K., Kurita, D., Kameno, Y., et al. (2020) · EBioMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102917 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Revealing Angiopep-2/LRP1 Molecular Interaction for Optimal Delivery to Glioblastoma (GBM)
di Polidoro, A. C., Cafarchio, A., Vecchione, D., Donato, P., de Nola, F., & Torino, E. (2022) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules27196696 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Microglial Lipid Biology in the Hypothalamic Regulation of Metabolic Homeostasis
Folick, A., Koliwad, S. K., & Valdearcos, M. (2021) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2021.668396 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Characterization, expression and antibacterial properties of apolipoproteins A from carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) seminal plasma
Dietrich, M. A., Adamek, M., Bilińska, B., Hejmej, A., Steinhagen, D., & Ciereszko, A. (2014) · Fish & Shellfish Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.fsi.2014.09.020 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Hypothalamic Fatty Acids and Ketone Bodies Sensing and Role of FAT/CD36 in the Regulation of Food Intake
Foll, C. L. (2019) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2019.01036 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
α-Synuclein Interacts with Lipoproteins in Plasma
Emamzadeh, F. N., & Allsop, D. (2017) · Journal of Molecular Neuroscience · doi:10.1007/s12031-017-0967-0 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Emerging role of HDL in brain cholesterol metabolism and neurodegenerative disorders
Turri, M., Marchi, C., Adorni, M. P., Calabresi, L., & Zimetti, F. (2022) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids · doi:10.1016/j.bbalip.2022.159123 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Genome-Wide DNA Methylation Patterns in Persistent Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and in Association With Impulsive and Callous Traits
Meijer, M., Klein, M., Hannon, E. J., van der Meer, D., Hartman, C. A., Oosterlaan, J., Heslenfeld, D. J., Hoekstra, P. J., Buitelaar, J. K., Mill, J. S., et al. (2020) · Frontiers in Genetics · doi:10.3389/fgene.2020.00016 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Metabolite transport across the mammalian and insect brain diffusion barriers
Weiler, A., Volkenhoff, A., Hertenstein, H., & Schirmeier, S. (2017) · Neurobiology of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2017.02.008 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Choroid Plexus: The Orchestrator of Long-Range Signalling Within the CNS
Kaiser, K., & Bryja, V. (2020) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms21134760 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
MicroRNA-181a as novel liquid biopsy marker of central nervous system involvement in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Egyed, B., Kutszegi, N., Sági, J. C., Gézsi, A., Rzepiel, A., Visnovitz, T., Lőrincz, P., Müller, J., Zombori, M., Szalai, C., et al. (2020) · Journal of Translational Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12967-020-02415-8 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Apolipoprotein E as a novel therapeutic neuroprotection target after traumatic spinal cord injury
Cheng, X., Zheng, Y., Bu, P., Qi, X., Fan, C., Li, F., Kim, D., & Cao, Q. (2017) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2017.10.014 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Lipid nanocarriers loaded with natural compounds: Potential new therapies for age related neurodegenerative diseases?
Soares, T., Loureiro, L., Carvalho, A. M., Oliveira, M. E. C. D. R., Dias, A. C. P., Sarmento, B. F. C. C., & Lúcio, M. (2018) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2018.04.004 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Modeling Alzheimer’s disease with human iPS cells: advancements, lessons, and applications
Essayan-Perez, S., Zhou, B., Nabet, A. M., Wernig, M., & Huang, Y. A. (2019) · Neurobiology of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2019.104503 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Lipid efflux mechanisms, relation to disease and potential therapeutic aspects
Castaño, D., Rattanasopa, C., Monteiro-Cardoso, V. F., Corlianò, M., Liu, Y., Zhong, A., Rusu, M., Liehn, E. A., & Singaraja, R. R. (2020) · Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.addr.2020.04.013 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Apolipoprotein E isoform-dependent effects on the processing of Alzheimer's amyloid-β
Chai, A. B., Lam, H. H. J., Kockx, M., & Gelissen, I. C. (2021) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids · doi:10.1016/j.bbalip.2021.158980 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
PCSK9 and the nervous system: a no-brainer?
Jaafar, A. K., Techer, R., Chemello, K., Lambert, G., & Bourane, S. (2023) · Journal of Lipid Research · doi:10.1016/j.jlr.2023.100426 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
“Lipoproteins and their receptors play important roles in the regulation of neurobehavioral function and energy balance in the brain (57).”
Background
Brain lipoprotein lipase as a regulator of energy balance
Cruciani‐Guglielmacci, C., & Magnan, C. (2017) · Biochimie · doi:10.1016/j.biochi.2017.07.012 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Understanding the Exchange of Systemic HDL Particles Into the Brain and Vascular Cells Has Diagnostic and Therapeutic Implications for Neurodegenerative Diseases
Valkenburgh, J. S. V., Meuret, C. J., Martinez, A. E., Kodancha, V., Solomon, V. A., Chen, K., & Yassine, H. N. (2021) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2021.700847 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Balancing cholesterol in the brain: from synthesis to disposal
Qian, L., Chai, A. B., Gelissen, I. C., & Brown, A. J. (2022) · Exploration of Neuroprotective Therapy · doi:10.37349/ent.2022.00015 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
CoQ10 Deficient Endothelial Cell Culture Model for the Investigation of CoQ10 Blood–Brain Barrier Transport
Wainwright, L., Hargreaves, I. P., Georgian, A. R., Turner, C., Dalton, R. N., Abbott, N. J., Heales, S., & Preston, J. E. (2020) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm9103236 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Dyslipidemia induced large-scale network connectivity abnormality facilitates cognitive decline in the Alzheimer’s disease
Wang, Q., Zang, F., He, C., Zhang, Z., Xie, C., & Initiative, A. D. N. (2022) · Journal of Translational Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12967-022-03786-w · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Serum Carotenoids, Tocopherols, Total n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids, and n-6/n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Ratio Reflect Brain Concentrations in a Cohort of Centenarians
Tanprasertsuk, J., Mohn, E. S., Matthan, N. R., Lichtenstein, A. H., Barger, K., Vishwanathan, R., Johnson, M. A., Poon, L. W., & Johnson, E. J. (2018) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A · doi:10.1093/gerona/gly125 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Astrocytic response mediated by the CLU risk allele inhibits OPC proliferation and myelination in a human iPSC model
Liu, Z., Chao, J., Wang, C., Sun, G., Roeth, D., Liu, W., Chen, X., Li, L., Tian, E., Feng, L., et al. (2023) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112841 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Serum apolipoprotein E is associated with long-term risk of Alzheimer’s disease: The Rotterdam Study
Wolters, F. J., Koudstaal, P. J., Hofman, A., Duijn, C. M. V., & Ikram, M. A. (2016) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2016.02.018 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Multi-scale inference of genetic trait architecture using biologically annotated neural networks
Demetçi, P., Cheng, W., Darnell, G., Zhou, X., Ramachandran, S., & Crawford, L. A. (2021) · PLoS Genetics · doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1009754 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Alzheimer's disease and synapse Loss: What can we learn from induced pluripotent stem Cells?
Rodríguez-Jiménez, F. J., Ureña‐Peralta, J. R., Jendelová, P., & Erceg, S. (2023) · Journal of Advanced Research · doi:10.1016/j.jare.2023.01.006 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Physiological and pathophysiological implications of lipid sensing in the brain
Picard, A., Moullé, V. S., Foll, C. L., Cansell, C., Véret, J., Coant, N., Stunff, H. L., Migrenne, S., Luquet, S. H., Cruciani‐Guglielmacci, C., et al. (2014) · Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/dom.12335 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Human apolipoprotein E as a reservoir of cryptic bioactive peptides: The case of ApoE 133‐167
Zanfardino, A., Bosso, A., Gallo, G., Pistorio, V., Napoli, M. D., Gaglione, R., Dell’Olmo, E., Varcamonti, M., Notomista, E., Arciello, A., et al. (2018) · Journal of Peptide Science · doi:10.1002/psc.3095 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Associations between major psychiatric disorder polygenic risk scores and blood-based markers in UK biobank
Sewell, M. D. E., Sánchez, L. J., Shen, X., Edmondson-Stait, A. J., Green, C., Adams, M. J., Rifai, O. M., McIntosh, A. M., Lyall, D. M., Whalley, H. C., et al. (2021) · Brain Behavior and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2021.06.002 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Quantitative NMR-Based Lipoprotein Analysis Identifies Elevated HDL-4 and Triglycerides in the Serum of Alzheimer’s Disease Patients
Berezhnoy, G., Laske, C., & Trautwein, C. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms232012472 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Metabolic dynamics in astrocytes and microglia during post-natal development and their implications for autism spectrum disorders
Cantando, I., Centofanti, C., D’Alessandro, G., Limatola, C., & Bezzi, P. (2024) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2024.1354259 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Parenteral Nutrition Compromises Neurodevelopment of Preterm Pigs
Choudhri, A. F., Sable, H. J. K., Chizhikov, V. V., Buddington, K. K., & Buddington, R. K. (2014) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.3945/jn.114.197145 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Human cerebrospinal fluid contains diverse lipoprotein subspecies enriched in proteins implicated in central nervous system health
Merrill, N. J., Davidson, W. S., He, Y., Díaz Ludovico, I., Sarkar, S., Berger, M. R., McDermott, J. E., Van Eldik, L. J., Wilcock, D. M., Monroe, M. E., et al. (2023) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.adi5571 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
A Critical Review of the Consensus Statement from the European Atherosclerosis Society Consensus Panel 2017
Okuyama, H., Hamazaki, T., Hama, R., Ogushi, Y., Kobayashi, T., Ohara, N., & Uchino, H. (2018) · Pharmacology · doi:10.1159/000486374 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Acidifying Endolysosomes Prevented Low-Density Lipoprotein-Induced Amyloidogenesis
Liang, H., Soliman, M. L., Geiger, N. H., Miller, N., Afghah, Z., Lakpa, K. L., Chen, X., & Geiger, J. D. (2018) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-180941 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Mendelian randomization reveals apolipoprotein B shortens healthspan and possibly increases risk for Alzheimer’s disease
Martin, L., Boutwell, B. B., Messerlian, C., & Adams, C. D. (2024) · Communications Biology · doi:10.1038/s42003-024-05887-2 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Blockade of TREM-1 prevents vitreoretinal neovascularization in mice with oxygen-induced retinopathy
Rojas, M., Shen, Z. T., Caldwell, R. B., & Sigalov, A. B. (2018) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.05.001 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Relationship between Lipoprotein (a) and cognitive function – Results from the Berlin Aging Study II
Rohr, F., Bucholtz, N., Toepfer, S., Norman, K., Spira, D., Steinhagen‐Thiessen, E., Lill, C. M., Bertram, L., Demuth, I., Buchmann, N., et al. (2020) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-66783-3 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Neurological aspects of SARS-CoV-2 infection: lipoproteins and exosomes as Trojan horses
Lam, S. M., Huang, X., & Shui, G. (2022) · Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.tem.2022.04.011 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Identifying nootropic drug targets via large-scale cognitive GWAS and transcriptomics
Lam, M., Chen, C., Ge, T., Xia, Y., Hill, D. W., Trampush, J. W., Yu, J., Knowles, E., Davies, G., Stahl, E. A., et al. (2021) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/s41386-021-01023-4 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Sphingomyelin 16:0 is a therapeutic target for neuronal death in acid sphingomyelinase deficiency
Gaudioso, Á., Jiang, X., Casas, J., Schuchman, E. H., & Ledesma, M. D. (2023) · Cell Death and Disease · doi:10.1038/s41419-023-05784-2 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Dietary lipids as regulators of reward processes: multimodal integration matters
Berland, C., Small, D. M., Luquet, S. H., & Gangarossa, G. (2021) · Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.tem.2021.05.008 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
MicroRNAs in brain cholesterol metabolism and their implications for Alzheimer's disease
Yoon, H., Flores, L. F., & Kim, J. (2016) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids · doi:10.1016/j.bbalip.2016.04.020 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
“However, lipid metabolism in the central nervous system (CNS) largely differs from the peripheral tissues, because the CNS is separated from the peripheral system by the bloodbrain barrier (BBB) [7].”
BackgroundInfluential

Both the low-density lipoprotein receptor and apolipoprotein E define blood-borne high-density lipoprotein entry into the brainPreprint
Kakava, S., Melo, M. G., Cheng, W. H., Gaudio, I. D., Viertl, D., Bernhard, S., Schlumpf, E., Croyal, M., Volovičeva, E., Fan, J., et al. (2025) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2025.05.23.655828
Interactions of lipoproteins with the blood–brain barrier
Fénart, L., Dehouck, B., Dehouck, M., Torpier, G., & Cecchelli, R. (1998) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511570216.024 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Lipoproteins and Reconstituted Blood-Brain Barrier
Méresse, S., Dehouck, M., Delorme, P., Fruchart, J., & Cecchelli, R. (1991) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4757-0286-6_17 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
et al, 2009). The main lipoproteins in brain are ApoE and OPEN ACCESS TRANSPARENT PROCESS SOURCE DATA Research Article
(2012)
Lipid Metabolism and Glial Lipoproteins in the Central Nervous System
Hayashi, H. (2011) · Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin · doi:10.1248/bpb.34.453 · Cited by 80 · see citing works

Authors: Wang, H., & Eckel, R. H.
Affiliations: University of Colorado Anschutz (US)
Corresponding author: Wang, Hong
ORCID: Wang, Hong
Eckel, Robert H.
Venue: Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2014-01
Volume: 25
Issue: 1
Pages: 8-14
ISSN: 1043-2760 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2013.10.003
PMC: PMC4062975
OpenAlex: W1994756206
Cited by: 234
References: 68
Citations by year: 2026: 17 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 24 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 29 · 2020: 27 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 11 · 2012: 1
FWCI: 1.32
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Locations: Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK089309)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Barrier Structure and Function Studies
Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Cholesterol and Lipid Metabolism
Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Lipid metabolism and disorders
Keywords: lipoproteins, brain, high-density lipoprotein, apolipoprotein E, clusterin, blood-brain barrier, astrocytes, lipoprotein receptors, hippocampus, neurobehavior, energy balance, lipoprotein lipase, LDL receptor-related protein, lipoprotein metabolism
MeSH terms: Animals, Apolipoproteins E, Blood-Brain Barrier, Brain, Humans, Lipoprotein Lipase, Lipoproteins, Neurons, Receptors, LDL, CD36 Antigens, Membrane Microdomains, Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-1, Mice

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

What are lipoproteins doing in the brain?

Abstract

Integrity signals

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Self-check

Cites

Cited by

Related

Record

About these checks