Pyroptosis: Gasdermin-Mediated Programmed Necrotic Cell Death
Abstract
Pyroptosis was long regarded as caspase-1-mediated monocyte death in response to certain bacterial insults. Caspase-1 is activated upon various infectious and immunological challenges through different inflammasomes. The discovery of caspase-11/4/5 function in sensing intracellular lipopolysaccharide expands the spectrum of pyroptosis mediators and also reveals that pyroptosis is not cell type specific. Recent studies identified the pyroptosis executioner, gasdermin D (GSDMD), a substrate of both caspase-1 and caspase-11/4/5. GSDMD represents a large gasdermin family bearing a novel membrane pore-forming activity. Thus, pyroptosis is redefined as gasdermin-mediated programmed necrosis. Gasdermins are associated with various genetic diseases, but their cellular function and mechanism of activation (except for GSDMD) are unknown. The gasdermin family suggests a new area of research on pyroptosis function in immunity, disease, and beyond.
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Pyroptosis can be driven by several caspases including CASP3.
“pyroptosis (1) can be also driven by several other caspases including CASP3 [608]”
From Molecular mechanisms of cell death: recommendations of the nomenclature committee on cell death 2018. (2018) · cites this paper as [608]
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- Authors
- Shi, J., Gao, W., & Shao, F.
- Affiliations
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Shao, Feng
- Venue
- Trends in Biochemical Sciences
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2017-04
- Volume
- 42
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 245-254
- ISSN
- 0968-0004 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2560541542
- Cited by
- 3,088
- References
- 76
- Citations by year
- 2026: 287 · 2025: 357 · 2024: 509 · 2023: 517 · 2022: 558 · 2021: 386 · 2020: 231 · 2019: 140 · 2018: 65 · 2017: 35 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 1 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 7.27
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Trends in Biochemical Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Inflammasome and immune disorders
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Cell death mechanisms and regulation
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune Response and Inflammation
- Keywords
- pyroptosis, gasdermin D, necroptosis, caspase-1, caspase-11, caspase-4, caspase-5, inflammasome, gasdermin, pore formation, bacterial infection, innate immunity
- MeSH terms
- Pyroptosis, Gasdermins, Humans, Necrosis, Neoplasm Proteins, Phosphate-Binding Proteins, Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
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