Emerging molecular mechanisms of general anesthetic action

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Molecular and cellular mechanisms of general anaesthesia

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Refined Structure of the Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor at 4Å Resolution

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Sites of alcohol and volatile anaesthetic action on GABAA and glycine receptors

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Minimum Alveolar Anesthetic Concentration: A Standard of Anesthetic Potency

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Molecular and neuronal substrates for general anaesthetics

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Tonically active GABAA receptors: modulating gain and maintaining the tone

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Nitrous oxide (laughing gas) is an NMDA antagonist, neuroprotectant and neurotoxin

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Do general anaesthetics act by competitive binding to specific receptors?

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Tonic inhibition in mouse hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons is mediated by α5 subunit-containing γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptors

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The sedative component of anesthesia is mediated by GABAA receptors in an endogenous sleep pathway

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General anesthetic actions in vivo strongly attenuated by a point mutation in the GABA A receptor β3 subunit

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TREK-1, a K+ channel involved in neuroprotection and general anesthesia

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How does xenon produce anaesthesia?

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The VGL-Chanome: A Protein Superfamily Specialized for Electrical Signaling and Ionic Homeostasis

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The interaction of the general anesthetic etomidate with the γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptor is influenced by a single amino acid

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General anaesthetic actions on ligand-gated ion channels

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Distinct Functional and Pharmacological Properties of Tonic and Quantal Inhibitory Postsynaptic Currents Mediated by γ-Aminobutyric AcidAReceptors in Hippocampal Neurons

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The actions of propofol on inhibitory amino acid receptors of bovine adrenomedullary chromaffin cells and rodent central neurones

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Inhaled Anesthetics and Immobility: Mechanisms, Mysteries, and Minimum Alveolar Anesthetic Concentration

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SELECTIVE ACTION OF ANESTHETICS ON SYNAPSES AND AXONS IN MAMMALIAN SYMPATHETIC GANGLIA

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Sedation and Anesthesia Mediated by Distinct GABA A Receptor Isoforms

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Stereospecific Effects of Inhalational General Anesthetic Optical Isomers on Nerve Ion Channels

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Evidence for a Common Binding Cavity for Three General Anesthetics within the GABAAReceptor

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Anesthetics and Ion Channels: Molecular Models and Sites of Action

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Structure of a specific alcohol-binding site defined by the odorant binding protein LUSH from Drosophila melanogaster

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Synthesis, biological evaluation, and preliminary structure-activity considerations of a series of alkylphenols as intravenous anesthetic agents

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Alpha4beta2 Neuronal Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors in the Central Nervous System Are Inhibited by Isoflurane and Propofol, but alpha7-type Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Are Unaffected

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Mutations of γ-aminobutyric acid and glycine receptors change alcohol cutoff: Evidence for an alcohol receptor?

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Differential Sensitivities of Mammalian Neuronal and Muscle Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors to General Anesthetics

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General anesthetic potencies of a series of propofol analogs correlate with potency for potentiation of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) current at the GABA(A) receptor but not with lipid solubility.

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The General Anesthetic Propofol Slows Deactivation and Desensitization of GABAAReceptors

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Volatile Anesthetics Depress Glutamate Transmission Via Presynaptic Actions

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Effects of volatile anesthetics on the kinetics of inhibitory postsynaptic currents in cultured rat hippocampal neurons

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Defining the Propofol Binding Site Location on the GABAA Receptor

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Stereoselective Effects of Etomidate Optical Isomers on Gamma-aminobutyric Acid Type A Receptors and Animals

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Central Nervous System Sodium Channels Are Significantly Suppressed at Clinical Concentrations of Volatile Anesthetics

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Selective Enhancement of Tonic GABAergic Inhibition in Murine Hippocampal Neurons by Low Concentrations of the Volatile Anesthetic Isoflurane

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Isoflurane Inhibits Transmitter Release and the Presynaptic Action Potential

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Differential effects of ketamine enantiomers on NMDA receptor currents in cultured neurons

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Methionine 286 in transmembrane domain 3 of the GABAA receptor β subunit controls a binding cavity for propofol and other alkylphenol general anesthetics

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Bupivacaine in Microcapsules Prolongs Analgesia After Subcutaneous Infiltration in Humans: A Dose-Finding Study

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Inhibition by Volatile Anesthetics of Endogenous Glutamate Release from Synaptosomes by a Presynaptic Mechanism

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Intravenous Anesthetics Differentially Modulate Ligand-gated Ion Channels

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Isoflurane and Propofol Inhibit Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels in Isolated Rat Neurohypophysial Nerve Terminals

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Anesthetic-sensitive 2P Domain K+Channels

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The effects of some inhalation anaesthetics on the sodium current of the squid giant axon.

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Convergent and reciprocal modulation of a leak K+ current and Ih by an inhalational anaesthetic and neurotransmitters in rat brainstem motoneurones

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γ-Aminobutyric Acid Increases the Water Accessibility of M3 Membrane-Spanning Segment Residues in γ-Aminobutyric Acid Type A Receptors

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Selective depression by general anesthetics of glutamate versus GABA release from isolated cortical nerve terminals

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Current assessment of targets and theories of anaesthesia

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HCN Subunit-Specific and cAMP-Modulated Effects of Anesthetics on Neuronal Pacemaker Currents

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Agonist Gating and Isoflurane Potentiation in the Human γ-Aminobutyric Acid Type A Receptor Determined by the Volume of a Second Transmembrane Domain Residue

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Modification of sodium and potassium channel gating kinetics by ether and halothane.

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Effects of Alcohols and Anesthetics on Recombinant Voltage-Gated Na+ Channels

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Inhibition of Presynaptic Sodium Channels by Halothane

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A Designed Four-α-Helix Bundle That Binds the Volatile General Anesthetic Halothane with High Affinity

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Depression by Isoflurane of the Action Potential and Underlying Voltage-Gated Ion Currents in Isolated Rat Neurohypophysial Nerve Terminals

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Nonhalogenated Alkane Anesthetics Fail to Potentiate Agonist Actions on Two Ligand-gated Ion Channels

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Neural Mechanisms of Anesthesia

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Pentobarbital modulates intrinsic and GABA-receptor conductances in thalamocortical inhibition

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The effect of isoflurane on unmyelinated and myelinated fibres in the rat brain

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Halothane depresses action potential conduction in hippocampal axons

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Comparative modeling of a GABAA alpha1 receptor using three crystal structures as templates

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Differential Effects of Anesthetic and Nonanesthetic Cyclobutanes on Neuronal Voltage-gated Sodium Channels

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Effects of Halothane and Isoflurane on Fast and Slow Inactivation of Human Heart hH1a Sodium Channels

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Volatile anaesthetics inhibit a cyclic AMP‐dependent sodium‐potassium current in cultured sensory neurones of bullfrog

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2,6 Di-tert-butylphenol, a Nonanesthetic Propofol Analog, Modulates α1β Glycine Receptor Function in a Manner Distinct from Propofol

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Are Sobriety and Consciousness Determined by Water in Protein Cavities?

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Presynaptic Actions of General Anesthetics

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General Anesthesia, Sleep, and Coma

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International Union of Pharmacology. LXX. Subtypes of γ-Aminobutyric AcidA Receptors: Classification on the Basis of Subunit Composition, Pharmacology, and Function. Update

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Clinical Electroencephalography for Anesthesiologists: Part I: Background and Basic Signatures

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Halogen atoms in the modern medicinal chemistry: hints for the drug design

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Increased glymphatic influx is correlated with high EEG delta power and low heart rate in mice under anesthesia

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