Serological detection of circulating Angiostrongylus vasorum antigen and specific antibodies in dogs from central and northern Italy
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The most frequently employed method for the diagnosis of Angiostrongylus vasorum in dogs is the detection of first stage larvae (L1) in faeces. The sensitivity of coproscopy, however, is limited in case of low parasite load, intermittent larval excretion, and during pre-patency. An epidemiological survey on dogs was conducted applying serological methods in two Italian regions where angiostrongylosis is endemic in foxes. 265 dog serum samples from Tuscany (central Italy - site A) and 447 from Liguria (north-western Italy - site B) were tested with a sandwich-ELISA for detection of circulating antigen, and with an ELISA using A. vasorum adult somatic antigen purified by monoclonal antibodies for specific antibody detection. During previous examinations dogs naturally infected with Leishmania infantum (n=149), Dirofilaria immitis (n=40), Dirofilaria repens (n=30), Acanthocheilonema reconditum (n=27), Crenosoma vulpis (n=1), A. vasorum (n=2), Capillaria aerophila (n=35), Capillaria boehmi (n=3), Toxocara canis (n=68), Toxascaris leonina (n=5), hookworms (n=37) and Trichuris vulpis (n=39) were detected. Sera of these dogs were used to evaluate cross reactions. In site A, 2 dogs (0.8%) were seropositive for antibody and antigen detection and 4 (1.5%) for antibody detection only. From site B, 4 dogs (0.9%) were seropositive for both tests, while other 4 dogs (0.9%) for antigen detection only and 9 dogs (2%) for antibody detection only. Considering a subgroup of 347 dogs from site B which had also been tested with the Baermann technique, 2 (0.6%) were positive for both tests, 4 (1.2%) for antigen detection only and 9 (2.6%) for antibody detection only. The two dogs which were positive for both serological tests were also positive for A. vasorum L1 in the faeces. No significant difference in seropositivities was observed in the group of dogs with other proven parasitic infections. A. vasorum serology presents significant advantages (diagnosis before patency, single serum sample instead of repeated faecal samples, rapidity and affordability particularly in case of large number of samples) and it can be considered a valid alternative for diagnosis in individuals and in epidemiological studies.
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Regions in central Italy may offer ideal environmental and epidemiological conditions for the spread of A. vasorum.
“This finding confirms that regions in central Italy may offer ideal environmental and epidemiological conditions for the spread of this parasite [9,16].”
From <i>Leishmania infantum</i>, <i>Dirofilaria</i> spp. and other endoparasite infections in kennel dogs in central Italy (2018) · cites this paper as [16]
The prevalence of A. vasorum found in this study (5%) is higher than that observed (about 2%) in dogs from other areas of Italy.
“The prevalence of A. vasorum found in this study (5%) is higher than that observed (about 2%) in dogs from other areas of Italy [8,9,16].”
From <i>Leishmania infantum</i>, <i>Dirofilaria</i> spp. and other endoparasite infections in kennel dogs in central Italy (2018) · cites this paper as [16]
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Guardone, L., Schnyder, M., Macchioni, F., Deplazes, P., & Magi, M.
- Affiliations
- University of Pisa (IT)
- University of Zurich (CH)
- Corresponding author
- Schnyder, M.
- Venue
- Veterinary Parasitology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-02
- Volume
- 192
- Issue
- 1-3
- Pages
- 192-198
- ISSN
- 0304-4017 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2094021555
- Cited by
- 56
- References
- 56
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 7
- FWCI
- 7.59
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- doi.org
- Locations
- Veterinary Parasitology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich) (acceptedVersion)
- CINECA IRIS Institutial research information system (University of Pisa) (submittedVersion)
- Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich) (submittedVersion)
- Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Insect Science › Mollusks and Parasites Studies
- Health Sciences › Veterinary › Small Animals › Helminth infection and control
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Parasitic infections in humans and animals
- Keywords
- Angiostrongylus vasorum, canine angiostrongylosis, serological diagnosis, circulating antigens, antibody detection, sandwich ELISA, cross-reactivity, dogs, Tuscany, Liguria, Baermann technique, infection intensity, co-infection, central-northern Italy
- MeSH terms
- Angiostrongylus, Animals, Antibodies, Helminth, Antigens, Helminth, Cross Reactions, Dog Diseases, Dogs, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Feces, Female, Italy, Male, Time Factors, Seroepidemiologic Studies, Strongylida Infections
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