Astroglial Expression of Human α1-Antichymotrypsin Enhances Alzheimer-like Pathology in Amyloid Protein Precursor Transgenic Mice
Open accessAbstract
Proteases and their inhibitors play key roles in physiological and pathological processes. Cerebral amyloid plaques are a pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). They contain amyloid-ss (Ass) peptides in tight association with the serine protease inhibitor alpha(1)-antichymotrypsin.(1,2) However, it is unknown whether the increased expression of alpha(1)-antichymotrypsin found in AD brains counteracts or contributes to the disease. We used regulatory sequences of the glial fibrillary acidic protein gene(3) to express human alpha(1)-antichymotrypsin (hACT) in astrocytes of transgenic mice. These mice were crossed with transgenic mice that produce human amyloid protein precursors (hAPP) and Ass in neurons.(4,5) No amyloid plaques were found in transgenic mice expressing hACT alone, whereas hAPP transgenic mice and hAPP/hACT doubly transgenic mice developed typical AD-like amyloid plaques in the hippocampus and neocortex around 6 to 8 months of age. Co-expression of hAPP and hACT significantly increased the plaque burden at 7 to 8, 14, and 20 months. Both hAPP and hAPP/hACT mice showed significant decreases in synaptophysin-immunoreactive presynaptic terminals in the dentate gyrus, compared with nontransgenic littermates. Our results demonstrate that hACT acts as an amyloidogenic co-factor in vivo and suggest that the role of hACT in AD is pathogenic.
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The findings extend earlier work in mouse Aβ aggregation models that pointed to a pathogenic role for C4b and Serpina3n, and genetic evidence connecting human SERPINA3 with AD risk.
“Together these data expand previous studies in mouse models of Aβ aggregation suggesting a pathogenic role for C4b and Serpina3n23,24,44,45, as well as genetic studies linking the human homologue SERPINA3 to AD risk46”
From Human and mouse single-nucleus transcriptomics reveal TREM2-dependent and TREM2-independent cellular responses in Alzheimer’s disease (2020) · cites this paper as [23]
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- Authors
- Mucke, L., Yu, G.-Q., McConlogue, L., Rockenstein, E. M., Abraham, C. R., & Masliah, E.
- Affiliations
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- Elan Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Ireland) (IE)
- University of California San Diego (US)
- Boston University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Mucke, Lennart
- Venue
- The American Journal of Pathology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2000-12
- Volume
- 157
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 2003-2010
- ISSN
- 0002-9440 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC1885780
- OpenAlex
- W2104932745
- Cited by
- 145
- References
- 60
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 1 · 2017: 2 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 6.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- American Journal Of Pathology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (AG11385, AG5131, AG10869, AG09905)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Keywords
- alpha-1-antichymotrypsin, Alzheimer's disease, amyloid plaques, amyloid-beta, amyloid precursor protein, astrocytes, transgenic mice, synaptophysin, presynaptic terminals, glial fibrillary acidic protein promoter
- MeSH terms
- alpha 1-Antichymotrypsin, Alzheimer Disease, Animals, Astrocytes, Brain, Humans, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Inbred Strains, Mice, Transgenic, Synapses, Serine Proteinase Inhibitors, Gene Expression, Amyloid beta-Peptides, Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor, Transgenes, Mice, Plaque, Amyloid
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