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Cited by 259Pain Mechanisms and TreatmentsPain Management and TreatmentPain Management and Placebo Effect

An fMRI study of the anterior cingulate cortex and surrounding medial wall activations evoked by noxious cutaneous heat and cold stimuli

Kwan, Chun L., Crawley, Adrian P., Mikulis, David J., Davis, Karen D.·2000·Pain
DOI 10.1016/s0304-3959(99)00287-0
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Abstract

The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and adjacent regions in the medial wall have been implicated in sensory, motor and cognitive processes, including pain. Our previous functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have demonstrated pain-related activation of the posterior portion of the ACC during transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) and variable patterns of cortical activation with innocuous and noxious thermal stimuli in individual subjects. The present study represents the companion paper to our recent study of pain- and thermal-related cortical activations with the aim to use fMRI to delineate the activations in the ACC and surrounding regions of the medial wall during application of innocuous and noxious thermal stimuli as well as during performance of a motor task in individual subjects. Ten normal subjects were imaged on a conventional 1.5 T GE 'echospeed' system. Functional images were obtained from sagittal sections through each hemisphere centered at approximately 3-5 and 7-9 mm from midline. Each subject was imaged during innocuous (cool, warm) and noxious thermal (cold, hot) stimulation of the thenar eminence, and execution of a motor (sequential finger-thumb opposition) task. Task-related activations were mostly confined to contralateral and medial ipsilateral images. Although the present results demonstrate intersubject variability in the task-related activations, some general modality-specific patterns were apparent: (i) innocuous thermal-related activations were located mainly in the anterior ACC; (ii) noxious thermal-related activations were primarily located in the anterior ACC, the ventral portion of the posterior ACC, and the supplementary motor area (SMA); (iii) motor-related activations were primarily located in the SMA and dorsal portion of the posterior ACC. These results indicate that specific spatial patterns of activation exist within the ACC and surrounding regions of the medial wall for innocuous and noxious thermal stimuli, and that noxious thermal- and motor-related activations appear to be segregated within the ACC. Therefore, we propose a segregation of the ACC into an anterior non-specific attention/arousal system and a posterior pain system.

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Authors
Kwan, C. L., Crawley, A. P., Mikulis, D. J., & Davis, K. D.
Affiliations
University of Toronto (CA)
Corresponding author
Davis, Karen D.
ORCID
Venue
Pain
Publisher
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published
2000-04
Volume
85
Issue
3
Pages
359-374
ISSN
0304-3959 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/s0304-3959(99)00287-0
OpenAlex
W2059017974
Cited by
259
References
66
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 10
FWCI
8.98
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Pain (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
Whitehall Foundation
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Pain Mechanisms and Treatments
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine › Pain Management and Treatment
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Pain Management and Placebo Effect
Keywords
anterior cingulate cortex, supplementary motor area, interindividual variability, pain processing, cortical activation patterns
MeSH terms
Adult, Cerebral Cortex, Cold Temperature, Female, Gyrus Cinguli, Hot Temperature, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Middle Aged, Movement, Pain Measurement, Psychomotor Performance, Psychophysics

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