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Cited by 226Dementia and Cognitive Impairment ResearchVisual perception and processing mechanismsRetinal Diseases and Treatments

Visual dysfunction, neurodegenerative diseases, and aging

Jackson, Gregory R, Owsley, Cynthia·2003·Neurologic Clinics
DOI 10.1016/s0733-8619(02)00107-x
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Abstract

The four most common sight-threatening conditions in older adults in North America are cataract, ARM, glaucoma, and diabetic retinopathy. Even in their moderate stages, these conditions cause visual sensory impairments and reductions in health-related quality of life, including difficulties in daily tasks and psychosocial problems. Many older adults are free from these conditions, yet still experience a variety of visual perceptual problems resulting from aging-related changes in the optics of the eye and degeneration of the visual neural pathways. These problems consist of impairments in visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, color discrimination, temporal sensitivity, motion perception, peripheral visual field sensitivity, and visual processing speed. PD causes a progressive loss of dopaminergic cells predominantly in the retina and possibly in other areas of the visual system. This retinal dopamine deficiency produces selective spatial-temporal abnormalities in retinal ganglion cell function, probably arising from altered receptive field organization in the PD retina. The cortical degeneration characteristics of AD, including neurofibrillary tangles and neuritic plaques, also are present in the visual cortical areas, especially in the visual association areas. The most prominent electrophysiologic change in AD is a delay in the P2 component of the flash VEP. Deficits in higher-order visual abilities typically are compromised in AD, including problems with visual attention, perceiving structure from motion, visual memory, visual learning, reading, and object and face perception. There have been reports of a visual variant of AD in which these types of visual problems are the initial and most prominent signs of the disease. Visual sensory impairments (e.g., contrast sensitivity or achromatopsia) also have been reported but are believed more reflective of cortical disturbances than of AD-associated optic neuropathy.

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  • Visual attention and control of visual short-term memory decline as a result of neurodegenerative processes that occur with ageing, MCI, and AD.

    “visual attention and control of visual short-term memory decline as a result of neurodegenerative processes that occur with ageing, MCI, and AD [51,52,53]”

    From Designing ICTs for Users with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Usability Study (2020) · cites this paper as [52]

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Authors
Jackson, G. R., & Owsley, C.
Affiliations
University of Alabama at Birmingham (US)
Corresponding author
Jackson, Gregory R
ORCID
Owsley, Cynthia
Venue
Neurologic Clinics
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2003-08
Volume
21
Issue
3
Pages
709-728
ISSN
0733-8619 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/s0733-8619(02)00107-x
OpenAlex
W2069089682
Cited by
226
References
192
Citations by year
2026: 6 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 17
FWCI
0.92
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Neurologic Clinics (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institute on Aging (R01 AG 04212, R01AG004212)
  • National Eye Institute (R21 EY 14071, R21EY014071)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Ophthalmology › Retinal Diseases and Treatments
Keywords
visual dysfunction, aging, neurodegenerative diseases, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, cataract, age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, visual perception, contrast sensitivity, color vision, motion perception, visual field sensitivity, visual processing speed, retinal ganglion cells, dopamine deficiency, flash visual evoked potentials, visual attention, achromatopsia, optic neuropathy
MeSH terms
Age Factors, Aged, Aging, Alzheimer Disease, Humans, Parkinson Disease, Perceptual Disorders, Visual Acuity, Visual Perception, Neurodegenerative Diseases

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