The DOI matches its Crossref record; 18 of the 20 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; 1 of the 31 sources its claims cite were checked for support.
Age-predicted maximal heart rate revisited
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVES We sought to determine a generalized equation for predicting maximal heart rate (HRmax) in healthy adults. BACKGROUND The age-predicted HRmax equation (i.e., 220 - age) is commonly used as a basis for prescribing exercise programs, as a criterion for achieving maximal exertion and as a clinical guide during diagnostic exercise testing. Despite its importance and widespread use, the validity of the HRmax equation has never been established in a sample that included a sufficient number of older adults. METHODS First, a meta-analytic approach was used to collect group mean HRmax values from 351 studies involving 492 groups and 18,712 subjects. Subsequently, the new equation was cross-validated in a well-controlled, laboratory-based study in which HRmax was measured in 514 healthy subjects. RESULTS In the meta-analysis, HRmax was strongly related to age (r = -0.90), using the equation of 208 - 0.7 x age. The regression equation obtained in the laboratory-based study (209 - 0.7 x age) was virtually identical to that obtained from the meta-analysis. The regression line was not different between men and women, nor was it influenced by wide variations in habitual physical activity levels. CONCLUSIONS 1) A regression equation to predict HRmax is 208 - 0.7 x age in healthy adults. 2) HRmax is predicted, to a large extent, by age alone and is independent of gender and habitual physical activity status. Our findings suggest that the currently used equation underestimates HRmax…
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Claims the paper makes
15 Own interpretation · 13 Own result · 9 No full text of the sources · 3 Not checked yet · 2 Own method · 2 No basis given · 1 Partly supported · 1 Sources not found · accuracy not yet measured
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“However, similar to the original reports by Fox and Haskell (7,8), these studies probably or definitely included subjects with cardiovascular disease who smoked and/or were taking cardiac medications.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > DISCUSSION
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [9] Londeree, 1984, Influence of age and other factors on maximal heart rate, J Cardiac Rehabil
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [10] Whaley, 1992, Predictors of over- and underachievement of age-predicted maximal heart rate, Med Sci Sports Exerc source
- Partly supportedcites [11] Sheffield, 1978, Maximal heart rate and treadmill performance of healthy women in relation to age, Circulation sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
Subjects and Methods (p. 1) reports that three volunteers took mild antihypertensive medications and that none had been told she had cardiovascular disease other than elevated blood pressure. This supports the medication concern in part, but the paper does not report that its volunteers smoked or had other known cardiovascular disease. Its introduction (p. 1) also says medication use was unreported in an earlier study, not that those subjects definitely took medication. (LLM, conf=0.85)
- Not matchedcites [7] Fox, 1970, The exercise stress test
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [8] Fox, 1971, Physical activity and the prevention of coronary heart disease, Ann Clin Res source
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“using the equation of 208 Ϫ 0.7 ϫ age.”
- Also stated in: § RESULTS · plain
“The regression equation, when all the subjects were combined, was 208 Ϫ 0.7 ϫ age.”
- Also stated in: § DISCUSSION · plain
“First, a regression equation for estimating HR max is 208 Ϫ 0.7 ϫ age in healthy adult humans, which is significantly different from the traditional 220 Ϫ age equation.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Abstract
plaincorrelationaln = 18,712- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Also stated in: § RESULTS · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The regression equation obtained in the laboratory-based study (209 Ϫ 0.7 ϫ age) was virtually identical to that obtained from the meta-analysis.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Abstract
plainn = 514- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“First, a regression equation for estimating HR max is 208 Ϫ 0.7 ϫ age in healthy adult humans, which is significantly different from the traditional 220 Ϫ age equation.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > DISCUSSION
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The regression equation for HR max (209 Ϫ 0.7 ϫ age) was virtually identical to that obtained from the meta-analysis.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > RESULTS
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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A claim is checked only against the cited paper’s full text, never its abstract, and none is available for its sources.
In the paper
“the rate of decline in HR max observed in the present study is very similar to that reported previously for intrinsic heart rate determined after cardiac autonomic blockade (Ϫ0.6 Ϫ 0.8 beats/min per year) (14,15).”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Mechanisms.
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [14] Jose, 1970, The normal range and determinants of the intrinsic heart rate in man, Cardiovasc Res source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [15] de Marneffe, 1986, Variations of normal sinus node function in relation to age, Eur Heart J source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Stepwise regression analysis revealed that age alone explained ϳ80% of the individual variance in HR max .”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > RESULTS
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
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A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Again, no significant differences in the HR max regression equation were observed between men and women”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > RESULTS
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Maximal heart rate was inversely related to age in both men and women.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > RESULTS
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
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A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“or between sedentary (212 Ϫ 0.7 ϫ age) and endurance-trained (205 Ϫ 0.6 ϫ age) subjects.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > RESULTS
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
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- It may state two separate claims as one. 11
- Probably not a substantial claim. 6
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The rate of decline and the y intercepts were not different between men and women”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > RESULTS
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
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It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Data from treadmill and cycle ergometers were evaluated together and separately.There were no differences in the results between the two analyses.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Meta-analytic study.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
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It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The maximal respiratory exchange ratio (1.17 Ϯ 0.06) and maximal rating of perceived exertion (19.1 Ϯ 0.8) were not different across ages, suggesting consistently similar voluntary maximal efforts.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > RESULTS
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“HR max is predicted, to a large extent, by age alone and is independent of gender and habitual physical activity status.”
- Also stated in: § DISCUSSION · plain
“Second, HR max is predicted, to a large extent, by age alone and is independent of gender and physical activity status.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Abstract
plaincorrelationaln = 18,712- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Also stated in: § DISCUSSION · plain
A claim is checked only against the cited paper’s full text, never its abstract, and none is available for its sources.
In the paper
“consistent with the present findings, gender (14) and habitual physical activity (16) do not appear to influence intrinsic heart rate in humans.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Mechanisms.
What the sources say
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Specifically, the traditional equation underestimates HR max past age 40 years, markedly so in older adults.”
- Also stated in: § Abstract · hedged
“Our findings suggest that the currently used equation underestimates HR max in older adults.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Conclusions.
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Also stated in: § Abstract · hedged
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“The age-predicted HR max equation (i.e., 220 Ϫ age) is commonly used as a basis for prescribing exercise programs, as a criterion for achieving maximal exertion and as a clinical guide during diagnostic exercise testing.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Abstract
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [1] 2000
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [2] Fletcher, 1997, How to implement physical activity in primary and secondary prevention, Circulation source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [3] Gibbons, 1997, ACC/AHA guidelines for exercise testing, J Am Coll Cardiol source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [4] Tanaka, 1997, Greater rate of decline in maximal aerobic capacity with age in physically active vs. sedentary healthy women, J Appl Physiol source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [5] Howley, 1995, Criteria for maximal oxygen uptake, Med Sci Sports Exerc source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
In the paper
“use of the prevailing prediction equation would result in premature termination of the test and possibly failure to attain required exertion levels for diagnostic validity.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > DISCUSSION
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [3] Gibbons, 1997, ACC/AHA guidelines for exercise testing, J Am Coll Cardiol source
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“To ensure that each subject achieved maximal exertion, at least three of the following four criteria were met by each subject: 1) a plateau in VO 2 with increasing exercise intensity (Ͻ100 ml); 2) a respiratory exchange ratio of at least 1.15; 3) a maximal respiratory rate of at least 35 breaths/min; and 4) a rating of perceived exertion of at least 18 units on the Borg scale (5).”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Meta-analytic study.
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [5] Howley, 1995, Criteria for maximal oxygen uptake, Med Sci Sports Exerc source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A claim is checked only against the cited paper’s full text, never its abstract, and none is available for its sources.
In the paper
“Each of these conditions influences HR max independent of age (10,12,13).”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > DISCUSSION
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [10] Whaley, 1992, Predictors of over- and underachievement of age-predicted maximal heart rate, Med Sci Sports Exerc source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [12] Wilmore, 1985, Acute response to submaximal and maximal exercise consequent to beta-adrenergic blockade, Am J Cardiol source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [13] Graettinger, 1995, Relationship of left ventricular structure to maximal heart rate during exercise, Chest source
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“To eliminate the potentially confounding influence of severe obesity, only subjects with a body mass index Ͻ35 kg/m 2 were included.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Meta-analytic study.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
In the paper
“Subjects Ͼ50 years of age were further evaluated by physical examination and by rest and maximal exercise electrocardiography ECG (3).”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Meta-analytic study.
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [3] Gibbons, 1997, ACC/AHA guidelines for exercise testing, J Am Coll Cardiol source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“The age-predicted equation was determined “arbitrarily” from a total of 10 studies.The highest age included was Ͻ65 years, with the majority of subjects being Յ55 years old.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > DISCUSSION
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [7] Fox, 1970, The exercise stress test
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [8] Fox, 1971, Physical activity and the prevention of coronary heart disease, Ann Clin Res source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
In the paper
“Because we have previously shown that weighted results by sample size were not significantly different from unweighted results (6), no weighting scheme was used in the present meta-analysis.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Meta-analytic study.
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [6] Fitzgerald, 1997, Age-related decline in maximal aerobic capacity in regularly exercising vs. sedentary females, J Appl Physiol source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
A claim is checked only against the cited paper’s full text, never its abstract, and none is available for its sources.
In the paper
“It has been postulated that the primary mechanism is related to an age-related decline in intrinsic heart rate (i.e., independent of autonomic influences) (14,15).”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Mechanisms.
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [14] Jose, 1970, The normal range and determinants of the intrinsic heart rate in man, Cardiovasc Res source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [15] de Marneffe, 1986, Variations of normal sinus node function in relation to age, Eur Heart J source
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
The paper relies on this without support.
Older adults demonstrate the highest prevalence of cardiovascular and other chronic diseases.
“The latter limitation is crucial in that older adults demonstrate the highest prevalence of cardiovascular and other chronic diseases.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Older adults are often reluctant or unable to measure HRmax directly because of concerns about the physiologic stress imposed by strenuous exercise.
“Importantly, older adults are a population in which there is often a reluctance or an inability to measure HR max directly, owing to concerns related to the physiologic stress imposed by strenuous exercise.”
The paper relies on this without support.
The 220 − age HRmax prediction equation is used in older adults more than in any other population.
“Thus, ironically, the 220 Ϫ age HR max prediction equation is used in this population more than in any other.”
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The cited source doesn’t support the claim as written.
In the citing paper
“The standard deviation for error between predicted and directly-measured maximal heart rate is roughly 13bpm [43].”
From Resting heart rate is a population-level biomarker of cardiorespiratory fitness: The Fenland Study (2023) · cites this paper as [43]
Checked by a reasoning model — may be wrong.
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Moreover, the validity of this equation has never been established in a sample that included a sufficient number of older adults; accordingly, it's utility has been challenged [ 32 , 33 ].”
From Physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, and cardiovascular health: A clinical practice statement of the American Society for Preventive Cardiology Part II: Physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, minimum and goal intensities for exercise training, prescriptive methods, and special patient populations (2022) · cites this paper as [32]
In the citing paper
“The age-associated decline in maximal heart rate is typically reported to be unaltered by exercise training,139-142 but some evidence suggests that the decline in maximal heart rate with age can be attenuated by vigorous exercise.143-145”
From Hormonal and Metabolic Changes of Aging and the Influence of Lifestyle Modifications (2021) · cites this paper as [142]
Citations
Cites
(2014) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 9,400
ACC/AHA 2002 Guideline Update for Exercise Testing: Summary Article
Gibbons, R. J., Balady, G. J., Bricker, J. T., CHAITMAN, B. R., Fletcher, G. F., Froelicher, V. F., Mark, D. B., McCallister, B. D., Mooss, A. N., O’Reilly, M. G., et al. (2002) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000034670.06526.15 · Cited by 2,583
Criteria for maximal oxygen uptake: review and commentary
HOWLEY, E. T., BASSETT, D. R., & WELCH, H. G. (1995) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/00005768-199509000-00009 · Cited by 1,656 · cited 3×
“particular study group; 5) adult subjects; 6) maximal exertion documented by using objective criteria (5); and 7) only healthy (e.”
BackgroundMethodGibbons, R. J., Balady, G. J., Beasley, J. W., FAAFP, Bricker, J. T., Duvernoy, W. F. C., Froelicher, V. F., Mark, D. B., Marwick, T. H., McCallister, B. D., et al. (1997) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.96.1.345 · Cited by 1,094
The normal range and determinants of the intrinsic heart rate in man
Jose, A. D., & Collison, D. (1970) · Cardiovascular Research · doi:10.1093/cvr/4.2.160 · Cited by 585
Guidelines for exercise testing
Feild, M. D. J. (1986) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0735-1097(86)80208-x · Cited by 528
Physical activity and the prevention of coronary heart disease
Fox, S. M., & Naughton, J. P. (1972) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/0091-7435(72)90079-5 · Cited by 497
Fitzgerald, M. D., Tanaka, H., Tran, Z. V., & Seals, D. R. (1997) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/jappl.1997.83.1.160 · Cited by 308
Self-citationPhysical activity and prevention of coronary heart disease.
Rocha, E. (2005) · PubMed · Cited by 291
Tanaka, H., Desouza, C. A., Jones, P. P., Stevenson, E. T., Davy, K. P., & Seals, D. R. (1997) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/jappl.1997.83.6.1947 · Cited by 216 · cited 3×
“Minute oxygen consumption (V̇O2) also was measured using on-line, computerassisted, open-circuit spirometry (4).”
MethodSelf-citation
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 2,101–2,200 of 3,736
Physiological Demands of Exergames in Older Adults—A Systematic Literature Review
Kubica, C., Dütschler, B., Felder, T. M. O., Querciagrossa, D., & Nigg, C. R. (2023) · Journal of Aging and Physical Activity · doi:10.1123/japa.2022-0261 · Cited by 4
Machado, A. F., Bravin, L. F., Sagrillo, L. G., Reis, C. H. O., Paiva, R., Miranda, J. M. D. Q., Rica, R. L., & Bocalini, D. S. (2024) · Retos · doi:10.47197/retos.v52.101328 · Cited by 7
D’Ávila, L. B. O., Milani, M., Bihan, D. C. D. S. L., et al. (2024) · The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging · doi:10.1007/s10554-023-03042-2 · Cited by 4
“Predicted VO 2peak and OUES were based on Brazilian reference values [30, 31], and predicted HR was that recommended by Tanaka et al. [32].”
On the Relation Between Leg Motion Rate and Speech Tempo During Submaximal Cycling Exercise
Weston, H., Pouw, W. T. J. L., & Fuchs, S. I. (2024) · Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research · doi:10.1044/2023_jslhr-23-00178 · Cited by 4
Limmeroth, J., Pauly, H., Schücker, L., Zenko, Z., & Hagemann, N. (2024) · Psychology of sport and exercise · doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2024.102616 · Cited by 5
Haraguchi, T., & Emoto, T. (2024) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s24103054 · Cited by 5
“However, maintaining a high heart rate reduces the left ventricular systolic function and causes tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy [29].”
BackgroundPalumbo, M., Modena, R., Bortolan, L., Skafidas, S., Callovini, A., Savoldelli, A., Gilli, F., Fornasiero, A., Schena, F., Pellegrini, B., et al. (2024) · Frontiers in Sports and Active Living · doi:10.3389/fspor.2024.1416080 · Cited by 4
“Finally, maximum oxygen uptake for leg cycling exercises was predicted by calculating the theoretical maximum individual heart rate with the Tanaka ’ s formula (208 – 0.7 × age) speci fi c for older adults (44) and using the individual VO 2 /HR relationships for leg cycling exercises.”
MethodInfluentialWang, K., Cheng, H., Yang, B., Liu, D., Maria, M., Wu, Q., & Qiao, J. (2024) · International Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1080/00207454.2024.2377140 · Cited by 4
“HR method: Target HR = HRmax*% intensity desired (HRmax =220-age [52] or HRmax= 208-0.7* age [28]), V’O 2 method: Target V’O 2 = V’O 2 max*% intensity desired.”
InfluentialFeasibility of a Novel Augmented 6-Minute Incremental Step Test
Molinger, J., Kittipibul, V., Gray, J. M., et al. (2024) · JACC Advances · doi:10.1016/j.jacadv.2024.101079 · Cited by 4
Yang, W., Park, S.-Y., Kwak, Y.-J., Kim, Z.-H., & Choi, S.-H. (2024) · International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance · doi:10.1123/ijspp.2024-0196 · Cited by 4
Kim, N., Lee, S., Kim, S., & Park, S. (2024) · IEEE Access · doi:10.1109/access.2024.3473323 · Cited by 4
Evaluating Seismocardiography as a Non-Exercise Method for Estimating Maximal Oxygen Uptake
Schulenburg, R., Schmidt, S. E., Schroeder, J., et al. (2024) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare12212162 · Cited by 4
Exercise and Fitness Quantification in Clinical Practice: Why and How; and Where Are We Going?
Riopel-Meunier, J., Piché, M., & Poirier, P. (2024) · Canadian Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.cjca.2024.11.032 · Cited by 4
Heimann, J., Schramm, T., Grauduszus, M., et al. (2024) · Annals of Noninvasive Electrocardiology · doi:10.1111/anec.70042 · Cited by 4
Fernie, J. C., Silveira, L. J., Jacobsen, R. M., et al. (2025) · International Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2025.132977 · Cited by 4
Stavrou, V. T., Vavougyios, G. D., Tsirimona, G., Boutlas, S., Santo, M., Hadjigeorgiou, G. M., Bargiotas, P., & Gourgoulianis, K. I. (2025) · Applied Sciences · doi:10.3390/app15052532 · Cited by 6
Maggioni, M. A., Cè, E., Giordano, G., et al. (2012) · PubMed · doi:10.3275/8589 · Cited by 4
“(13), and ended with a 10 min passive stretching”
BackgroundEstimating the Perception of Physical Fatigue Among Older Adults Using Mobile Phones
Hernandez-Cruz, N., & Favela, J. (2015) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-24195-1_7 · Cited by 4
“To calculate the perception of physical fatigue, we initially calculate the maximum heart rate [25], and subsequently classify the calculated heart rate (post-”
MethodEffects of Different Intensities of Flexibility Training on Explosive Force
Galdino, L. A. D. S., Nogueira, C. J., Galdino, E. E. S., et al. (2010) · Human Movement · doi:10.2478/v10038-010-0015-1 · Cited by 4
“Procedure The tests, preceded by a 10minute warmup in a stationary cycloergometer (Movement Summer G2, Brazil), were intended to make the subjects reach a heart rate which was 60% of the ageadjusted maxi mal heart rate (MHR) [15]; these tests were performed on three consecutive days.”
MethodPrinciples of Aerobic Testing and Training
Dolmage, T. E., & Goldstein, R. S. (2006) · Physiotherapy Canada · doi:10.3138/ptc.58.1.08 · Cited by 4
Gibson, P. H., Riesgo, F., Choy, J. B., et al. (2015) · Echo Research and Practice · doi:10.1530/erp-15-0006 · Cited by 4
Quantity and Quality of Exercise for Developing and Maintaining Cardiorespiratory
Blissmer, B. J., Deschenes, M. R., LaMonte, M. J., Nieman, D. C., & Swain, D. P. (2011) · Cited by 4
Nikolaidis, P. Τ., Buśko, K., Afonso, J. R., et al. (2015) · Human Physiology · doi:10.7868/s0131164615060053 · Cited by 4
Analysis of Patient-Robot Interaction Using Statistical and Signal Processing Methods
Swangnetr, M. (2010) · NCSU Libraries Repository (North Carolina State University Libraries) · Cited by 4
Electrocardiographic Responses to Deer Hunting in Men and Women
Verba, S. D., Jensen, B. T., & Lynn, J. S. (2016) · Wilderness and Environmental Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.wem.2016.03.005 · Cited by 4
Cardiac chronotropic adaptation to open-wheel racecar driving in young pilots
Beaune, B., & Durand, S. (2011) · International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport · doi:10.1080/24748668.2011.11868552 · Cited by 4
“Maximal HR (HRmax) was determinated using the formula developed by Tanaka et al (2001) and mean driving bout intensity was expressed as HRmax percent (%HRmax).”
MethodHeart Rate Measurement Based on Event Timing Coding Observed by Video Camera
Sato, T. G., Shiraki, Y., & Moriya, T. (2016) · IEICE Transactions on Communications · doi:10.1587/transcom.2016lcp0003 · Cited by 4
The Association between Regional Fat Distribution and Acute Mountain Sickness in Young Hikers
Dobrosielski, D. A., Guadagno, M., & Phan, P. (2017) · Sports Medicine International Open · doi:10.1055/s-0043-101371 · Cited by 4
“1; and (c) a respiratory rate > 35 breaths per minute [17].”
BackgroundAskari, J., Kakhki, A. S., Taheri, H., & Yassini, S. M. (2017) · Open Journal of Medical Psychology · doi:10.4236/ojmp.2017.62007 · Cited by 4
“7 × age” [34] was used here in identifying physical activity intensity.”
MethodEnergy expenditure for massage therapists during performing selected classical massage techniques
Więcek, M., Szymura, J., Maciejczyk, M., et al. (2018) · International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health · doi:10.13075/ijomeh.1896.01237 · Cited by 4
Predictive maximal heart rate equations in child and adolescent athletes: a systematic review
Pedroni, A. S., Schiavo, A., de Macedo, E., Campos, N. E., Winck, A. D., & Heinzmann‐Filho, J. P. (2018) · Fisioterapia em Movimento · doi:10.1590/1980-5918.031.ao31 · Cited by 4
Paneroni, M., Simonelli, C., Laveneziana, P., Gobbo, M., Saleri, M., Bianchi, L. N. C., & Vitacca, M. (2018) · European Journal of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine · doi:10.23736/s1973-9087.18.04962-6 · Cited by 4
The Cardiovascular Reserve Index—A Noninvasive Clinical Insight Into Heat Intolerance
Schiffmann, N., Schermann, H., Mazgaoker, S., et al. (2018) · Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine · doi:10.1097/jsm.0000000000000712 · Cited by 4
Relationship between age and maximal heart rate in atrial fibrillation
Kato, Y., Suzuki, S. S., Uejima, T., et al. (2019) · European Journal of Preventive Cardiology · doi:10.1177/2047487318823109 · Cited by 4
“The negative relationship between age and peak exercise heart rate (HR) has been well demonstrated in healthy people with sinus rhythm.(1,2) The prediction of maximal HR using Astrand’s formula (220 – age) has been widely used as a criterion for achieving maximal exertion in settings of exercise testing or as an indic…”
MethodResultEffects of age and gender in physiological responses, mechanics and performance of master swimmers
Lampadari, V., Thanopoulos, V., Dopsaj, M., & Rozi, G. (2019) · Human Movement · doi:10.5114/hm.2019.79393 · Cited by 4
Otsuki, T., & Kotato, T. (2019) · The Journal of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine · doi:10.7600/jpfsm.8.209 · Cited by 4
Randall, E. B., Randolph, N. Z., & Olufsen, M. S. (2019) · Mathematical Biosciences · doi:10.1016/j.mbs.2019.108292 · Cited by 4
“Using this notation, the following parameters are calculated as: sp = n̄+ ln(Kp/Tp,0 − 1)/qp, (A1) ss = n̄− ln(Ks/Ts,0 − 1)/qs, (A2) Hp = (1− H̄/HI +HsTs,0)/Tp,0, and (A3) Hs = (HM/HI − 1)/Ks, (A4) where Tp,0 and Ts,0 are the initial condition and constant history value given in Table 2 and HM (bpm) is the maximal hea…”
MethodBlood lactate concentrations following maximal incremental test in male runners with different ages
Peserico, C. S., Mezzaroba, P. V., da Silva, D. F., Kravchychyn, A. C. P., Alves, J. C. C., & Machado, F. A. (2018) · Revista Brasileira de Educação Física e Esporte · doi:10.11606/1807-5509201800010005 · Cited by 5
Estimation of maximal heart rate in recreational football: a field study
Póvoas, S. C. A., Krustrup, P., & Castagna, C. (2020) · European Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1007/s00421-020-04334-4 · Cited by 4
Torvik, P.-Ø., van den Tillaar, R., & Iversen, G. (2020) · Sports · doi:10.3390/sports8060075 · Cited by 4
Shulman, J., Smith, A., Keysor, J. J., Kenney, A., Damice, B., DeFabio, R., Jervis, K., Zurakowski, D., & Sethna, N. F. (2020) · European Journal of Physiotherapy · doi:10.1080/21679169.2020.1779343 · Cited by 4
Voutilainen, A., Setti, M. O., & Tuomainen, T. (2020) · The World Journal of Men s Health · doi:10.5534/wjmh.200055 · Cited by 5
“Regarding the relationship between VO2max and HR it is worth noticing that in indirect VO2max estimations, age is considered as chronological age but also via HRmax that is strongly related to age [20].”
BackgroundMonitoring Fatigue in Construction Workers Using Wearable Sensors
Garimella, S. A., Senouci, A. B., & Kim, K. (2020) · ASCE Construction Research Congress (CRC) · doi:10.1061/9780784482872.010 · Cited by 5
More Than “Just” Walking: An Observational Study of Dog-Related Physical Activities
Hielscher, B., Gansloßer, U., & Froboese, I. (2020) · People and Animals The International Journal of Research and Practice · doi:10.62845/ubdp91i · Cited by 4
Muhammad, H. F. L., Pahdarina, D., Zahara, N. P., Nugraheni, F., Hanny, T. A., Ermamilia, A., & Huriyati, E. (2021) · Clinical Nutrition ESPEN · doi:10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.05.022 · Cited by 4
Quinlan, C., Rattray, B., Pryor, D. J., Northey, J. M., Coxon, J. P., Cherbuin, N., & Andrews, S. C. (2021) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2021.661079 · Cited by 4
Hoolahan, K. J. (2020) · International Journal of Virtual and Augmented Reality · doi:10.4018/ijvar.2020070102 · Cited by 4
Poli, A., Gabrielli, V., Ciabattoni, L., & Spinsante, S. (2021) · Electronics · doi:10.3390/electronics10172159 · Cited by 6
“Additionally, these methods require the estimation of the subject’s maximum HR obtained through age-related prediction equations, that are prone to relevant measurement error [25,26].”
MethodENERGY EXPENDITURE IN HIIT WHOLE BODY ASSOCIATED WITH ELECTROMYOSTIMULATION
Evangelista, A. L., Pozzi, M. L. B., Santos, L. M., Barros, B. M., de Souza, C. R., Reis, V. M., & Bocalini, D. S. (2021) · Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte · doi:10.1590/1517-8692202127062021_0003 · Cited by 5
Sharma, P., & Agarwal, M. (2022) · Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care · doi:10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1209_21 · Cited by 4
“7 × age.[14] THR was estimated by adding RHR with 50 ± 2% of HRR.”
MethodMascarenhas, L. P. G., de Lima, V. A., Rebesco, D. B., et al. (2022) · Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.20945/2359-3997000000444 · Cited by 4
“The Balke protocol adapted to a cycle ergometer was used (12), starting with a load of 25 Watts and a speed of 50 RPM and increasing by 25 watts every three minutes until the maximum heart rate was reached (13), or the participant was unable to maintain the speed and load.”
MethodCruz, J., & Yang, J. (2022) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0267120 · Cited by 4
“Although maximum VO 2 can be estimated using age and resting heart rate [23, 24], resting heart rate was not provided with the published data from Koelewijn et al. [22].”
Result(2010) · Ultrasound & Functional Diagnostics · doi:10.24835/1607-0771-2020-2-60-90 · Cited by 4
Morais, J. E., Bragada, J. A. A., Silva, R., Nevill, A. M., Nakamura, F. Y., & Marinho, D. A. (2022) · International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching · doi:10.1177/17479541221110677 · Cited by 4
Gervasoni, E., Bertoni, R., Anastasi, D., Solaro, C. M., Giovanni, R. D., Grange, E., Gunga, H., Rovaris, M., Cattaneo, D., Maggioni, M. A., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.842269 · Cited by 5
“7]) (37), respectively, for HS and PwMS.”
de Oliveira, S. F. M., de Oliveira, J. I. V., Haiachi, M. D. C., & Felder, H. (2022) · Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism · doi:10.1139/apnm-2022-0126 · Cited by 4
Floc’h, U. A. P. D. A. L., Dote‐Montero, M., Carle-Calo, A., Sánchez‐Delgado, G., Ruiz, J. R., & Amaro‐Gahete, F. J. (2022) · Metabolites · doi:10.3390/metabo12090781 · Cited by 4
“The VO2peak was considered when these criteria were not met [48] and all participants achieved the previously mentioned criteria.”
MethodUtilizing Heart Rate and RPE to Prescribe Cycle Ergometer HIIT in Older Adults: A Feasibility Study
Keating, C. J., Román, P. Á. L., Linares, J. C. C., Pérez, A. D. L. C., & MONTILLA, J. A. P. (2022) · International journal of exercise science · doi:10.70252/hoba5599 · Cited by 4
Improved VO2max Estimation by Combining a Multiple Regression Model and Linear Extrapolation Method
Matsuo, T., So, R., & Murai, F. (2022) · Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease · doi:10.3390/jcdd10010009 · Cited by 4
“7 × age” [25] was applied to the age-predicted maximal HR for calculation.”
MethodDevelopment of a Digital Healthcare Management System for Lower-Extremity Amputees: A Pilot Study
Kim, J. H., Kim, Y. R., Han, M. H., Lee, J., Kim, J. S., Kang, Y. C., Yoon, S. J., Chang, Y., Lee, G., & Cho, N. S. (2022) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare11010106 · Cited by 4
“Accordingly, the age-predicted maximum heart rate was calculated by subtracting a patient’s age from 220 [13].”
MethodNew Zealand Youth Rugby Sevens: A Comparative Match Demands Study
Wintershoven, K., Beaven, C. M., Gill, N. D., et al. (2023) · Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology · doi:10.3390/jfmk8020041 · Cited by 4
“Where players’ HR MAX was unavailable, a theoretical age-specific HR MAX was calculated using (208–0.7x × age) [46].”
MethodSpence, C. M., Foshaug, R. R., Rowland, S. D., Krysler, A. R., Conway, J. L., Urschel, S., West, L. J., Stickland, M. K., Boulanger, P., Spence, J. C., et al. (2023) · CJC Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease · doi:10.1016/j.cjcpc.2023.04.001 · Cited by 5
Park, J., Lee, J., Kang, M., Jang, T. W., Kim, H., Kim, S.-Y., & Lee, J. (2023) · Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine · doi:10.35371/aoem.2023.35.e24 · Cited by 4
Ferreira, M. L. V., Castro, A., Nunes, S. G. O., dos Santos, M. V. M. A., Cavaglieri, C. R., & Chacon‐Mikahil, M. P. T. (2023) · Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders · doi:10.1089/met.2023.0032 · Cited by 5
Improving Cardiorespiratory and Muscular Function of Korean Firefighters
Kim, J.-B., Xiang, Y.-Y., Kim, C.-B., Seo, D.-I., Song, W. J., Lee, H.-J., Kang, H.-J., Lee, C. G., Ahn, Y., & Park, J.-J. (2023) · Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine · doi:10.1097/jom.0000000000003003 · Cited by 4
Duarte, C. C., Silva, P. R. S., Paludo, A. C., Grecco, M. V., & Greve, J. M. D. (2023) · Einstein (São Paulo) · doi:10.31744/einstein_journal/2023ao0321 · Cited by 7
Sarmento, A., King, K., & Sanchez‐Ramirez, D. C. (2024) · Life · doi:10.3390/life14020265 · Cited by 4
“…the informed consent form; provide education and personalized recommendations regarding maximum heart rate (HR) and minimum oxygen saturation (SpO 2 ) during exercise [10,11]; explain study procedures, instruments, and equipment; collect demographic information; and complete the initial assessment.”
BackgroundWalker, S., Sahinaho, U.-M., Vekki, S., Sulonen, M., Laukkanen, J. A., Sipilä, S., Peltonen, H., Laakkonen, E. K., & Lehti, M. (2024) · European Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1007/s00421-024-05426-1 · Cited by 5
“Endurance training was performed on Precor Teambike (Precor Inc., Seattle, USA) and began by a 5-min warm-up at 40–50% of maximum theoretical age-based heart rate (HRmax) according to the equation by Tanaka et al. (2001).”
MethodCadwallader, C. J., Curtin, D., Taylor, E. M., de Moel, T., Jarvis, H., Hutchison, C., Hendrikse, J., Chong, T. T. ‐., & Coxon, J. P. (2024) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jp285537 · Cited by 4
Parthasarathy, R., Subramanian, S. S., Ramanathan, K., et al. (2024) · International Journal of experimental research and review · doi:10.52756/ijerr.2024.v39spl.014 · Cited by 4
“During the activity, the pulse rates reached 67% of the extreme rates expressed by (Tanaka et al., 2001), signifying that both groups experienced a strength effect from the walking activity.”
BackgroundYuste, J. L., García-Jiménez, J. V., & García-Pellicer, J. J. (2015) · Revista Internacional de Medicina y Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte · doi:10.15366/rimcafd2015.58.007 · Cited by 5
“Tras calcular la frecuencia cardiaca máxima aplicando la fórmula 208- 0,7 x Edad de Tanaka et al. (2001) y la frecuencia cardiaca de reposo, se estableció el valor del 50% de frecuencia cardiaca de reserva (FCR) para cada estudiante.”
BackgroundChia, E., Cannon, J., & Marino, F. E. (2015) · Journal of Thermal Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jtherbio.2015.10.001 · Cited by 4
“The motivation for participation can be linked to achievement and social goals (Hodge et al., 2008), and Masters athletes have displayed remarkable exercise performances, but the decrease in performance with age is still evident (Tanaka and Seals, 2008).”
BackgroundComportamiento visual de arbitros de futbol en situaciones de fuera de juego
Luis del Campo, V., Canelo Fariñas, A., Morenas Martín, J., et al. (2015) · LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) · Cited by 4
Preliminary Evaluation of a Cycling Cleat Designed for Diabetic Foot Ulcers
Crews, R. T., Smith, S. R., Ghazizadeh, R., Yalla, S. V., & Wu, S. (2016) · Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association · doi:10.7547/15-198 · Cited by 4
Barni, L., Calabretta, L., Lepori, L., Pasquetti, P., Gulisano, M., & Freddolini, M. (2018) · Topics in Geriatric Rehabilitation · doi:10.1097/tgr.0000000000000177 · Cited by 4
Can the endurance training change the pacing strategy during 10 km running performance?
Manoel, F. D. A., Figueiredo, D. H., & Machado, F. A. (2018) · International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport · doi:10.1080/24748668.2018.1454744 · Cited by 4
Rahbar, S., Naimi, S. S., Soltani, A. R., Rahimi, A., Baghban, A. A., & Khorami, N. (2018) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 4
Effects of land vs water jump exercise: Implications for exercise design targeting bone health
Chien, K., Chang, W., Sanders, M. E., Chen, C., Wu, W., & Chen, W. (2019) · Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports · doi:10.1111/sms.13410 · Cited by 5
Azam, M., Setyaningsih, E., Rahayu, S. R., et al. (2019) · Sport Sciences for Health · doi:10.1007/s11332-019-00556-y · Cited by 4
Development and Evaluation of MOVit: An Exercise-Enabling Interface for Driving a Powered Wheelchair
Lobo-Prat, J., Dong, Y., Moreso, G., Lew, C. O., Sharifrazi, N., Radom‐Aizik, S., & Reinkensmeyer, D. J. (2019) · IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering · doi:10.1109/tnsre.2019.2932121 · Cited by 4
“using the equation proposed in [31]), the resulting maximal HR percentage is 42% which indicates that participants experienced a “light” exercise intensity when driving MOVit [29].”
MethodKirsch, K., Schatzschneider, C., Garber, C., Rosenberger, A., Kirsten, K., Ariza, O., Steinicke, F., & Bruder, G. (2019) · Mensch und Computer (MuC) · doi:10.1145/3340764.3344907 · Cited by 4
“7 · aдe [16] and used this to compute the intensity for each participant in all conditions, see figure 3.”
MethodAerobic exercise increases post-exercise exogenous protein oxidation in healthy young males
Reckman, G. A. R., Navis, G. J., Krijnen, W. P., Vonk, R. J., Jager‐Wittenaar, H., & van der Schans, C. P. (2019) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0225803 · Cited by 4
“Maximum heart rate was estimated with the following formula [27]:”
MethodKluttig, A., Zschocke, J., Haerting, J., Schmermund, A., Gastell, S., Steindorf, K., Herbolsheimer, F., Hillreiner, A., Jochem, C., Baumeister, S. E., et al. (2020) · Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz · doi:10.1007/s00103-020-03100-3 · Cited by 4
Acute Physiological and Metabolic responses for 40-minutes of Samba Dance
Silva, P. R. S., Duarte, C. C., Osorio, B. B., Greve, J. M. D., & Guimarães, G. V. (2021) · Open Science Journal · doi:10.23954/osj.v6i1.2732 · Cited by 7
Change in measures of moral function following acute bouts of Marine Corps Martial Arts Training
Siedlik, J. A., Deckert, J. A., Clopton, A. W., Herda, T. J., Weir, J. P., Gallagher, P. M., & Vardiman, J. P. (2021) · Stress and Health · doi:10.1002/smi.3109 · Cited by 4
Hernández-Jaña, S., Abarca-Moya, D., Cid-Pizarro, Í., Gallardo-Strelow, J., González-Pino, Y., Zavala-Crichton, J. P., Arancibia, J. E. O., Matsudo, S. M., & Sepulveda, R. A. Y. (2021) · International Journal of Morphology · doi:10.4067/s0717-95022021000601600 · Cited by 4
“…at intensity between 40 % and 65 % of heart rate reserve, calculated using the prediction equations proposed by Tanaka for maximum heart rate (HRmax= 208 – 07 x age) and Karvonen’s for the heart rate of training ([(HRmax - HRrest) x % training] + FCrest) (Karvonen, 1957; Tanaka et al., 2001).”
MethodArjona, C. M., Coelho, B. R. F., Silva, T. D. D. S., et al. (2022) · Cultura Ciencia y Deporte · doi:10.12800/ccd.v17i51.1562 · Cited by 4
López, J. A. H., Martínez, P. Y. O., Teixeira, A. M., Moncada‐Jiménez, J., & Dantas, E. M. (2015) · Revista chilena de infectología · doi:10.4067/s0716-10182015000400003 · Cited by 4
Nassif, D. S. B., Nassif, P. A. N., Lucas, R. W. D. C., Ribas-Filho, J. M., Czeczko, N. G., Filho, F. A. K., & de Freitas, A. C. T. (2011) · ABCD Arquivos Brasileiros de Cirurgia Digestiva (São Paulo) · doi:10.1590/s0102-67202011000300008 · Cited by 4
ESTIMACIÓN DEL CONSUMO MÁXIMO DE OXÍGENO MEDIANTE PRUEBAS DE EJERCICIO MAXIMALES Y SUBMAXIMALES
Hernández, C. A. N. (2012) · Movimiento Científico · doi:10.33881/2011-7191.mct.06102 · Cited by 4
Development of safety limits for load carriage in adults
Fergenbaum, M. A. (2007) · Cited by 4
Functional Class in Children with Idiopathic Dilated Cardiomyopathy. A pilot Study
Tavares, A. C., Bocchi, E. A., & Guimarães, G. V. (2016) · Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia · doi:10.5935/abc.20160066 · Cited by 4
Lakhdar, N., Denguezli, M., Zaouali, M., Zbidi, A., Tabka, Z., & Bouassida, A. (2015) · Pediatric Rheumatology · doi:10.1186/1546-0096-13-s1-p194 · Cited by 4
Asoom, L. I. A. (2016) · Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.jtumed.2016.07.002 · Cited by 4
Smart wearable device for health monitoring in the internet of things (IoT) domain
Santamaria, A. F., Serianni, A., Raimondo, P., et al. (2016) · Summer Computer Simulation Conference · Cited by 4
Rabbani, M., Bambaeichi, E., Esfarjani, F., et al. (2017) · International journal of basic science in medicine · doi:10.15171/ijbsm.2017.17 · Cited by 4
Intensidad del ejercicio en ciclismo indoor / Exercise Intensity During Indoor Cycling
Barbado, C., Foster, C., Vicente-Campos, D., & Chicharro, J. L. (2017) · Revista Internacional de Medicina y Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte · doi:10.15366/rimcafd2017.67.006 · Cited by 6
“(23) es probablemente la más apropiada, aunque según los mismos autores, la ecuación descrita por Fox y col.”
BackgroundA human workload assessment algorithm for collaborative human-machine teams
Heard, J. R., Harriott, C. E., & Adams, J. A. (2017) · IEEE RO-MAN · doi:10.1109/roman.2017.8172328 · Cited by 4
Chowdhury, A. K., Tjondronegoro, D., Zhang, J., et al. (2017) · doi:10.1109/lsc.2017.8268185 · Cited by 4
“Moreover, these approaches require knowledge of HR max for which commonly used age-related prediction equations are subject to considerable measurement error [17, 18].”
BackgroundLee, E. J., Snyder, E. M., & Lundstrom, C. J. (2019) · Journal of Human Sport and Exercise · doi:10.14198/jhse.2020.151.08 · Cited by 4
“To calculate predicted MHR, the following equation was used: MHR = 208 − (0.7 ∗ age)(Tanaka, Monahan, & Seals,2001).”
MethodInfluential
Metadata
- Authors
- Tanaka, H., Monahan, K. D., & Seals, D. R.
- Affiliations
- University of Colorado Boulder (US)
- Corresponding author
- Tanaka, Hirofumi
- Venue
- Journal of the American College of Cardiology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2001-01
- Volume
- 37
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 153-156
- ISSN
- 0735-1097 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2090296913
- Semantic Scholar
- 857d95626adc70db6e64da8c5fa9060489db0262
- Cited by
- 3,775
- References
- 20
- Citations by year
- 2026: 249 · 2025: 277 · 2024: 304 · 2023: 240 · 2022: 295 · 2021: 262 · 2020: 273 · 2019: 259 · 2018: 246 · 2017: 189 · 2016: 182 · 2015: 174 · 2014: 178 · 2013: 149 · 2012: 107
- FWCI
- 38.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of the American College of Cardiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Aging (AG-13038, AG 00847, AG-06537, R01AG006537)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Physical Activity and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Effects of Exercise
- Keywords
- maximal heart rate, heart rate prediction equations, older adults, exercise prescription, exercise testing, physical stress, physical activity behavior, sex differences
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Aging, Female, Heart Rate, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Reference Values
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
A language model drew the claims from the paper on 2026-10-11, under version 3 of the claim definition (model deepseek-v4.1-flash, prompt extract-v3).
A second model labelled each claim on 2026-10-11 (model jev-1.13-20260917, definition revision gold-guideline-v0.2).
Cited sources are checked with a language model’s help (gpt-6-sol).
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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