The DOI matches its Crossref record; 18 of the 20 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; 1 of the 31 sources its claims cite were checked for support.
Age-predicted maximal heart rate revisited
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVES We sought to determine a generalized equation for predicting maximal heart rate (HRmax) in healthy adults. BACKGROUND The age-predicted HRmax equation (i.e., 220 - age) is commonly used as a basis for prescribing exercise programs, as a criterion for achieving maximal exertion and as a clinical guide during diagnostic exercise testing. Despite its importance and widespread use, the validity of the HRmax equation has never been established in a sample that included a sufficient number of older adults. METHODS First, a meta-analytic approach was used to collect group mean HRmax values from 351 studies involving 492 groups and 18,712 subjects. Subsequently, the new equation was cross-validated in a well-controlled, laboratory-based study in which HRmax was measured in 514 healthy subjects. RESULTS In the meta-analysis, HRmax was strongly related to age (r = -0.90), using the equation of 208 - 0.7 x age. The regression equation obtained in the laboratory-based study (209 - 0.7 x age) was virtually identical to that obtained from the meta-analysis. The regression line was not different between men and women, nor was it influenced by wide variations in habitual physical activity levels. CONCLUSIONS 1) A regression equation to predict HRmax is 208 - 0.7 x age in healthy adults. 2) HRmax is predicted, to a large extent, by age alone and is independent of gender and habitual physical activity status. Our findings suggest that the currently used equation underestimates HRmax…
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Claims the paper makes
15 Own interpretation · 13 Own result · 9 No full text of the sources · 3 Not checked yet · 2 Own method · 2 No basis given · 1 Partly supported · 1 Sources not found · accuracy not yet measured
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“However, similar to the original reports by Fox and Haskell (7,8), these studies probably or definitely included subjects with cardiovascular disease who smoked and/or were taking cardiac medications.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > DISCUSSION
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [9] Londeree, 1984, Influence of age and other factors on maximal heart rate, J Cardiac Rehabil
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [10] Whaley, 1992, Predictors of over- and underachievement of age-predicted maximal heart rate, Med Sci Sports Exerc source
- Partly supportedcites [11] Sheffield, 1978, Maximal heart rate and treadmill performance of healthy women in relation to age, Circulation sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
Subjects and Methods (p. 1) reports that three volunteers took mild antihypertensive medications and that none had been told she had cardiovascular disease other than elevated blood pressure. This supports the medication concern in part, but the paper does not report that its volunteers smoked or had other known cardiovascular disease. Its introduction (p. 1) also says medication use was unreported in an earlier study, not that those subjects definitely took medication. (LLM, conf=0.85)
- Not matchedcites [7] Fox, 1970, The exercise stress test
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [8] Fox, 1971, Physical activity and the prevention of coronary heart disease, Ann Clin Res source
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“using the equation of 208 Ϫ 0.7 ϫ age.”
- Also stated in: § RESULTS · plain
“The regression equation, when all the subjects were combined, was 208 Ϫ 0.7 ϫ age.”
- Also stated in: § DISCUSSION · plain
“First, a regression equation for estimating HR max is 208 Ϫ 0.7 ϫ age in healthy adult humans, which is significantly different from the traditional 220 Ϫ age equation.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Abstract
plainstates an associationn = 18,712- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Also stated in: § RESULTS · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The regression equation obtained in the laboratory-based study (209 Ϫ 0.7 ϫ age) was virtually identical to that obtained from the meta-analysis.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Abstract
plainn = 514- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“First, a regression equation for estimating HR max is 208 Ϫ 0.7 ϫ age in healthy adult humans, which is significantly different from the traditional 220 Ϫ age equation.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > DISCUSSION
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The regression equation for HR max (209 Ϫ 0.7 ϫ age) was virtually identical to that obtained from the meta-analysis.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > RESULTS
plainstates an association- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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A claim is checked only against the cited paper’s full text, never its abstract, and none is available for its sources.
In the paper
“the rate of decline in HR max observed in the present study is very similar to that reported previously for intrinsic heart rate determined after cardiac autonomic blockade (Ϫ0.6 Ϫ 0.8 beats/min per year) (14,15).”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Mechanisms.
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [14] Jose, 1970, The normal range and determinants of the intrinsic heart rate in man, Cardiovasc Res source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [15] de Marneffe, 1986, Variations of normal sinus node function in relation to age, Eur Heart J source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Stepwise regression analysis revealed that age alone explained ϳ80% of the individual variance in HR max .”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > RESULTS
plainstates an association- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
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A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Again, no significant differences in the HR max regression equation were observed between men and women”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > RESULTS
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Maximal heart rate was inversely related to age in both men and women.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > RESULTS
plainstates an association- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
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A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“or between sedentary (212 Ϫ 0.7 ϫ age) and endurance-trained (205 Ϫ 0.6 ϫ age) subjects.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > RESULTS
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
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- It may state two separate claims as one. 11
- Probably not a substantial claim. 6
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The rate of decline and the y intercepts were not different between men and women”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > RESULTS
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
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It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Data from treadmill and cycle ergometers were evaluated together and separately.There were no differences in the results between the two analyses.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Meta-analytic study.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The maximal respiratory exchange ratio (1.17 Ϯ 0.06) and maximal rating of perceived exertion (19.1 Ϯ 0.8) were not different across ages, suggesting consistently similar voluntary maximal efforts.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > RESULTS
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“HR max is predicted, to a large extent, by age alone and is independent of gender and habitual physical activity status.”
- Also stated in: § DISCUSSION · plain
“Second, HR max is predicted, to a large extent, by age alone and is independent of gender and physical activity status.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Abstract
plainstates an associationn = 18,712- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Also stated in: § DISCUSSION · plain
A claim is checked only against the cited paper’s full text, never its abstract, and none is available for its sources.
In the paper
“consistent with the present findings, gender (14) and habitual physical activity (16) do not appear to influence intrinsic heart rate in humans.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Mechanisms.
What the sources say
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Specifically, the traditional equation underestimates HR max past age 40 years, markedly so in older adults.”
- Also stated in: § Abstract · hedged
“Our findings suggest that the currently used equation underestimates HR max in older adults.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Conclusions.
plainstates a cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Also stated in: § Abstract · hedged
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“The age-predicted HR max equation (i.e., 220 Ϫ age) is commonly used as a basis for prescribing exercise programs, as a criterion for achieving maximal exertion and as a clinical guide during diagnostic exercise testing.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Abstract
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [1] 2000
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [2] Fletcher, 1997, How to implement physical activity in primary and secondary prevention, Circulation source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [3] Gibbons, 1997, ACC/AHA guidelines for exercise testing, J Am Coll Cardiol source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [4] Tanaka, 1997, Greater rate of decline in maximal aerobic capacity with age in physically active vs. sedentary healthy women, J Appl Physiol source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [5] Howley, 1995, Criteria for maximal oxygen uptake, Med Sci Sports Exerc source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
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Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
In the paper
“use of the prevailing prediction equation would result in premature termination of the test and possibly failure to attain required exertion levels for diagnostic validity.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > DISCUSSION
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [3] Gibbons, 1997, ACC/AHA guidelines for exercise testing, J Am Coll Cardiol source
hedgedstates a possible cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
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It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“To ensure that each subject achieved maximal exertion, at least three of the following four criteria were met by each subject: 1) a plateau in VO 2 with increasing exercise intensity (Ͻ100 ml); 2) a respiratory exchange ratio of at least 1.15; 3) a maximal respiratory rate of at least 35 breaths/min; and 4) a rating of perceived exertion of at least 18 units on the Borg scale (5).”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Meta-analytic study.
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [5] Howley, 1995, Criteria for maximal oxygen uptake, Med Sci Sports Exerc source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A claim is checked only against the cited paper’s full text, never its abstract, and none is available for its sources.
In the paper
“Each of these conditions influences HR max independent of age (10,12,13).”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > DISCUSSION
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [10] Whaley, 1992, Predictors of over- and underachievement of age-predicted maximal heart rate, Med Sci Sports Exerc source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [12] Wilmore, 1985, Acute response to submaximal and maximal exercise consequent to beta-adrenergic blockade, Am J Cardiol source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [13] Graettinger, 1995, Relationship of left ventricular structure to maximal heart rate during exercise, Chest source
plainstates a cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
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It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“To eliminate the potentially confounding influence of severe obesity, only subjects with a body mass index Ͻ35 kg/m 2 were included.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Meta-analytic study.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
In the paper
“Subjects Ͼ50 years of age were further evaluated by physical examination and by rest and maximal exercise electrocardiography ECG (3).”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Meta-analytic study.
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [3] Gibbons, 1997, ACC/AHA guidelines for exercise testing, J Am Coll Cardiol source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“The age-predicted equation was determined “arbitrarily” from a total of 10 studies.The highest age included was Ͻ65 years, with the majority of subjects being Յ55 years old.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > DISCUSSION
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [7] Fox, 1970, The exercise stress test
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [8] Fox, 1971, Physical activity and the prevention of coronary heart disease, Ann Clin Res source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
In the paper
“Because we have previously shown that weighted results by sample size were not significantly different from unweighted results (6), no weighting scheme was used in the present meta-analysis.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Meta-analytic study.
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [6] Fitzgerald, 1997, Age-related decline in maximal aerobic capacity in regularly exercising vs. sedentary females, J Appl Physiol source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
A claim is checked only against the cited paper’s full text, never its abstract, and none is available for its sources.
In the paper
“It has been postulated that the primary mechanism is related to an age-related decline in intrinsic heart rate (i.e., independent of autonomic influences) (14,15).”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Mechanisms.
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [14] Jose, 1970, The normal range and determinants of the intrinsic heart rate in man, Cardiovasc Res source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [15] de Marneffe, 1986, Variations of normal sinus node function in relation to age, Eur Heart J source
hedgedstates a possible cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
The paper relies on this without support.
Older adults demonstrate the highest prevalence of cardiovascular and other chronic diseases.
“The latter limitation is crucial in that older adults demonstrate the highest prevalence of cardiovascular and other chronic diseases.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Older adults are often reluctant or unable to measure HRmax directly because of concerns about the physiologic stress imposed by strenuous exercise.
“Importantly, older adults are a population in which there is often a reluctance or an inability to measure HR max directly, owing to concerns related to the physiologic stress imposed by strenuous exercise.”
The paper relies on this without support.
The 220 − age HRmax prediction equation is used in older adults more than in any other population.
“Thus, ironically, the 220 Ϫ age HR max prediction equation is used in this population more than in any other.”
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The cited source doesn’t support the claim as written.
In the citing paper
“The standard deviation for error between predicted and directly-measured maximal heart rate is roughly 13bpm [43].”
From Resting heart rate is a population-level biomarker of cardiorespiratory fitness: The Fenland Study (2023) · cites this paper as [43]
Checked by a reasoning model — may be wrong.
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Moreover, the validity of this equation has never been established in a sample that included a sufficient number of older adults; accordingly, it's utility has been challenged [ 32 , 33 ].”
From Physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, and cardiovascular health: A clinical practice statement of the American Society for Preventive Cardiology Part II: Physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, minimum and goal intensities for exercise training, prescriptive methods, and special patient populations (2022) · cites this paper as [32]
In the citing paper
“The age-associated decline in maximal heart rate is typically reported to be unaltered by exercise training,139-142 but some evidence suggests that the decline in maximal heart rate with age can be attenuated by vigorous exercise.143-145”
From Hormonal and Metabolic Changes of Aging and the Influence of Lifestyle Modifications (2021) · cites this paper as [142]
Citations
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“particular study group; 5) adult subjects; 6) maximal exertion documented by using objective criteria (5); and 7) only healthy (e.”
BackgroundMethodGibbons, R. J., Balady, G. J., Beasley, J. W., FAAFP, Bricker, J. T., Duvernoy, W. F. C., Froelicher, V. F., Mark, D. B., Marwick, T. H., McCallister, B. D., et al. (1997) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.96.1.345 · Cited by 1,094
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“Minute oxygen consumption (V̇O2) also was measured using on-line, computerassisted, open-circuit spirometry (4).”
MethodSelf-citation
Cited by
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“7 9 age [25].”
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“This would be 78% of their age‐predicted maximal heart rate (Tanaka et al., 2001) at the end of the test.”
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“Throughout these results, it is possible to assume that the MHRobt Mean ± Sd Median Mínimum and maximum MHRobt 202 ± 8 201 188 - 214 Tanaka et al. (2001) 198 ± 0,4* 197 197 - 199 Nes et al. (2012) 202 ± 0,4 201 201 - 203 220 – age 205 ± 0,6* 205 205 - 207 * :different compared to MHRobt (P < 0,05).”
ResultSiedlik, J. A., Deckert, J. A., Clopton, A. W., Gigliotti, N. M., Chan, M. A., Benedict, S. H., Herda, T. J., Gallagher, P. M., & Vardiman, J. P. (2015) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2015.11.011 · Cited by 9
BLOOD PRESSURE IN HYPERTENSIVE WOMEN AFTER AEROBICS AND HYDROGYMNASTICS SESSIONS.
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Effects of Lower Body Positive Pressure on Cardiovascular Responses During Walking in Elderly Women
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“HR was monitored continuously throughout the exercise and the test was terminated once the participant had reached 75% of their predicted maximum HR, as determined by the formula: 208-(age×0.7) (Tanaka et al., 2001).”
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Impaired cardiorespiratory fitness after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage
Harmsen, W. S., Ribbers, G. M., Zegers, B., Sneekes, E. M., Heijenbrok‐Kal, M. H., Khajeh, L., van Kooten, F., Neggers, S. J. C. M. M., & van den Berg-Emons, R. J. G. (2016) · Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine · doi:10.2340/16501977-2127 · Cited by 9
Test de caminata de 6 minutos en pacientes de rehabilitación cardiaca de altitud moderada
Cetina, N. F. G., Anchique, C. V., & Plazas, A. D. P. R. (2017) · Revista Colombiana de Cardiología · doi:10.1016/j.rccar.2017.01.004 · Cited by 9
Rey, O., Vallier, J., Nicol, C., Mercier, C.-S., & Maïano, C. (2017) · Journal of Applied Sport Psychology · doi:10.1080/10413200.2017.1334159 · Cited by 11
“The HR target value was established with the percentage of the maximum HR (HRmax) estimation using the (208 – [0.7 × age]) formula provided by Tanaka, Monahan, and Seals (2001).”
MethodInfluentialPhysical Demands of Exergaming in Healthy Young Adults
Tietjen, A. M. J., & Devereux, G. (2017) · The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research · doi:10.1519/jsc.0000000000002235 · Cited by 9
“Heart rate intensities were again reduced relative to V_ O2 and MET, with WBE-/walking-induced pHR reaching a moderate-/ light-intensity, respectively (40).”
BackgroundRivas, E., Herndon, D. N., Cambiaso‐Daniel, J., Rontoyanni, V. G., Porter, C. C., Glover, S. Q., & Suman-Vejas, O. E. (2018) · Journal of Burn Care & Research · doi:10.1093/jbcr/iry001 · Cited by 9
“However, we have shown that burned children have an attenuated peak HR compared with nonburned children, suggesting that formulas developed by others (36) to predict peak HR values for the purpose of estimating exercise intensity (percent peak HR) may not be a valid approach in burned populations.”
BackgroundBehnsen, P., Buil, J. M., Koot, S., Huizink, A. C., & van Lier, P. A. C. (2019) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579419000269 · Cited by 9
The influence of energy metabolism on postpartum weight retention
Pereira, L. C. R., Elliott, S. A., McCargar, L. J., Bell, R. C., Vu, K. N., Bell, G. J., Robson, P. J., & Prado, C. M. M. (2018) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/nqy389 · Cited by 9
Recovery from Strenuous Downhill Running in Young and Older Physically Active Adults
Hayashi, K., Leary, M. E., Roy, S., Laosiripisan, J., Pasha, E. P., & Tanaka, H. (2019) · International Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1055/a-0951-0017 · Cited by 9
“1, and 3) achievement of age-predicted maximal heart rate [20].”
BackgroundMethodSelf-citationMorais, M. J. D. D., de Abreu, L. C., de Oliveira, F. S., Bezerra, Í. M. P., Raimundo, R. D., Silva, R. P. M., Valenti, V. E., & Pérez‐Riera, A. R. (2019) · Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare · doi:10.2147/jmdh.s202889 · Cited by 9
“7 x age).(22) They were asked to remain with their arms stretched usually at the length of the hips, at the sides of the body, arranged the best way possible.”
BackgroundLoad monitoring on Pilates training: a study protocol for a randomized clinical trial
Cavina, A. P. D. S., Pizzo, E., Machado, A. F., Biral, T. M., Pastre, C. M., & Vanderlei, F. M. (2019) · Trials · doi:10.1186/s13063-019-3684-x · Cited by 9
Finger, J. D., Banzer, W. E., Baumeister, S. E., Brandes, M., Bös, K., Gabrys, L., Gößwald, A., Härtel, S., Kluttig, A., Kuhnert, R., et al. (2019) · Das Gesundheitswesen · doi:10.1055/a-1026-6220 · Cited by 9
Zeiher, J., Duch, M., Kroll, L. E., Mensink, G., Finger, J. D., & Keil, T. O. P. (2020) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2019-034610 · Cited by 9
Sleep following intense physical exercise stabilizes motor learning in typically developing boys
Munz, M., Baving, L., & Prehn‐Kristensen, A. (2020) · Mental health and physical activity · doi:10.1016/j.mhpa.2020.100365 · Cited by 10
Effects of Manual Material Handling Workload on Measures of Fall Risk
Allin, L. J., & Madigan, M. L. (2020) · IISE Transactions on Occupational Ergonomics and Human Factors · doi:10.1080/24725838.2020.1850552 · Cited by 9
Nevill, A. M., de Menezes-Junior, F. J., de Jesus, Í. C., Lopes, M. D. F. A., Corazza, P. R. P., Tadiotto, M. C., Mota, J. A. P. S., & Leite, N. (2021) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000002637 · Cited by 9
Delivery Approaches Within Exercise Referral Schemes: A Survey of Current Practice in England
Rowley, N., Steele, J., Mann, S., Jiménez, A., & Horton, E. (2021) · Journal of Physical Activity and Health · doi:10.1123/jpah.2020-0388 · Cited by 11
Activity patterns of primary school children during participation in The Daily Mile
Hatch, L. M., Williams, R. A., Dring, K. J., Sunderland, C. D., Nevill, M. E., & Cooper, S. B. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-86631-2 · Cited by 9
Independent Multiple Correlates of Post-Exercise Systolic Blood Pressure Recovery in Healthy Adults
Dimkpa, U., & Ugwu, A. C. (2010) · International journal of exercise science · doi:10.70252/frzr7491 · Cited by 9
Lower heart rate response to ergometry rowing than to treadmill running in older men
Yoshiga, C. C., Higuchi, M., & Oka, J. (2003) · Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging · doi:10.1046/j.1475-097x.2003.00470.x · Cited by 9
“The limitation of the formula, the age-predicted HRmax 1⁄4 220 ) age, is that older individuals often exceed the age-predicted HRmax (Lester et al., 1968; Bruce et al., 1974; Londeree & Moeshberger, 1982; Åstrand & Rohdahl, 1986; Whaley et al., 1992; Tanaka et al., 2001; Yoshiga et al., 2002a).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialCompetitive surfing: a physiological profile of athletes and determinants of performance
Farley, O. R. L. (2011) · Tuwhera (Auckland University of Technology) · Cited by 9
Cap, V., Palkovits, S., Bijak, M., Ruiß, M., Schmoll, M., & Findl, O. (2021) · Journal of Cataract & Refractive Surgery · doi:10.1097/j.jcrs.0000000000000798 · Cited by 9
Brotto, A. R., Phillips, D. B., Meah, V. L., Ross, B., Fuhr, D. P., Beaudry, R. I., van Diepen, S., & Stickland, M. K. (2022) · European Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1007/s00421-021-04866-3 · Cited by 8
“7 × age)) (Tanaka et al. 2001), and (4) increase in oxygen consumption < 100 ml min−1 with an increase in power output (Stickland et al.”
BackgroundLeduc, C., Weaving, D., Owen, C., Ramírez‐López, C., Chantler, S., Aloulou, A., Tee, J. C., & Jones, B. L. (2022) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0273026 · Cited by 12
Field-based Heatwave Risk Assessment of Outdoor Workers Measured by Wearable Sensors
Kim, A., & Yoo, G. (2023) · Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences · doi:10.1007/s13143-023-00326-4 · Cited by 8
“1 3 Korean Meteorological Society estimated as a function of age using the following equation (Tanaka et al. 2001):”
MethodChapman, C. L., Johnson, B. D., Hostler, D. P., & Schlader, Z. J. (2024) · Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene · doi:10.1080/15459624.2024.2315161 · Cited by 8
“The estimated maximum heart rate was calculated using the method of Tanaka et al. (Tanaka et al. 2001) and the heart rate reserve was determined using standard calculations (Guimar ~ aes et al. 2019).”
MethodPhysical Demands of Walking Football in Patients With Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Diseases
Egger, F., Ditscheid, A., Schwarz, M., & Meyer, T. (2024) · Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine · doi:10.1097/jsm.0000000000001218 · Cited by 8
Ouyang, Y., & Luo, X. (2024) · Journal of Construction Engineering and Management · doi:10.1061/jcemd4.coeng-14304 · Cited by 9
Carter, S. J., Blechschmid, T. H., Baranauskas, M. N., Long, E. B., Gruber, A. H., Raglin, J. S., Lim, K. J., & Coggan, A. R. (2024) · American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00150.2024 · Cited by 8
Carrillo, A. E., Meade, R. D., Herry, C. L., et al. (2024) · Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism · doi:10.1139/apnm-2024-0191 · Cited by 8
Waer, F. B., Alexe, D. I., Chaari, F., Alexe, C. I., Laatar, R., Bădău, D., Rebai, H., Albina, A. M., Ljubojević, A., & Sahli, S. (2024) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-024-76650-0 · Cited by 11
Two-day cardiopulmonary exercise testing in long COVID post-exertional malaise diagnosis
Gattoni, C., Abbasi, A., Ferguson, C., et al. (2024) · Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.resp.2024.104362 · Cited by 8
Valenzano, A. A., Vasco, P., D’Orsi, G., Marzovillo, R. R. R., Torquato, M. T. C. G., Messina, G., Polito, R., & Cibelli, G. (2025) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu17071121 · Cited by 13
“The intensity of the aerobic intervals was prescribed based on 75–85% of each participant’s HRmax, calculated using the Tanaka et al. equation [27].”
Zaiser, J., Hoffmann, S., Zimmermann, S., Geßner, T., Deck, M., Bekier, N. K., Abel, M., Radler, P., Langejürgen, J., Lenz, B., et al. (2025) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41398-025-03447-8 · Cited by 9
“The TEEB condition included a warm up phase (2,5 min) followed by a ride (8 min) with 60% – 75% of the individual maximum heart rate [29, 30] and aimed to expose participants to a stressor which yield similar physiological arousal levels as TSST but without the social evaluative component.”
Senescence-related myocardial dysfunction: keeping a young heart
Ajjan, R., Huckstepp, R. T. R., Akbar, N., Bauersachs, J. K., Lok, J. C. W., Choppy-Madeleine, J., Christopher, G., Dalakoti, M., Dawson-Plincke, E., Dodds, J., et al. (2026) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehag095 · Cited by 11
Stoller, O., Schindelholz, M., & Hunt, K. J. (2016) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0148932 · Cited by 9
“Predicted HRmax was defined as 208 − (0.7 × age) [18].”
BackgroundInfluentialBoat, R., Morris, M. G., & Duncan, M. J. (2019) · European Journal of Sport Science · doi:10.1080/17461391.2019.1642387 · Cited by 8
“Recognising that the traditional 220-age equation to estimate HRmax overestimates exercise HR, HRmax was estimated using the Tanaka, Monahan, and Seals (2001) equation as this more effectively accounts for age-related changes in HRmax and has been recommended for us by prior studies (Robergs…”
MethodBekris, E., Mylonis, E., Gissis, I., Katis, A., METAXAS, T. I., Komsis, S., & Kompodieta, N. (2019) · The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness · doi:10.23736/s0022-4707.19.09800-1 · Cited by 10
Phenotyping Cardiopulmonary Exercise Limitations in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Gelinas, J. C., Harper, M. I., SASSO, J. P., Wright, S. P., Melzer, B., Agar, G., Guenette, J. A., duManoir, G. R., Roman, M. A., Rolf, J. D., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2022.816586 · Cited by 9
Zeng, G., Zhang, Q., Wang, X., & Wu, K. (2022) · Environmental Science and Pollution Research · doi:10.1007/s11356-022-19685-y · Cited by 8
“However, predicted maximum heart rate values are often too low for healthy people and may not be suitable for women (Gulati et al. 2005; Tanaka et al. 2001), which increases the risk of error.”
BackgroundYeung, M. T. L., Chan, M. Y. C., Huang, K. S., Chen, T. J., Chia, C. P., Fong, M. M., Ho, C. S., Koh, D. T., Neo, M. J., & Tan, M. (2022) · Hong Kong Physiotherapy Journal · doi:10.1142/s1013702522500111 · Cited by 9
Chen, X., Hall, K., Bobier, W. R., Thompson, B. S., & Chakraborty, A. (2022) · Journal of Vision · doi:10.1167/jov.22.10.14 · Cited by 9
“This maximal heart rate was calculated based on the Tanaka formula (HR max = 208 – 0.7 × age) (Tanaka, Monahan, & Seals, 2001).”
InfluentialEffects of supra high-intensity interval training in police officers
DULSKY, C. C., Renzi, C., McLaurin, N., et al. (2022) · The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness · doi:10.23736/s0022-4707.22.14396-3 · Cited by 8
Self-citationLin, C., Kuo, L., Lin, Y.-S., Chang, C., Hu, F., Chen, Y., Lin, C.-T., & Su, F. (2022) · Journal of Medical and Biological Engineering · doi:10.1007/s40846-022-00759-8 · Cited by 9
Honchar, O., & Ashcheulova, T. (2023) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2023.1212678 · Cited by 8
“8 × age) (24) and the same parameter registered at the end of the test (HRfin %), baseline (SpO2 base), minimal (SpO2 min) and final (SpO2 fin) capillary blood oxygen saturation levels, and peak oxygen desaturation that was calculated as SpO2 drop = SpO2 min – SpO2 base.”
BackgroundPîrșcoveanu, C.-I., & Oliveira, A. S. (2023) · European Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1007/s00421-023-05322-0 · Cited by 8
“The heart rate was normalized by the maximum expected heart rate using previous literature (Tanaka et al. 2001).”
MethodCanlı, U., & Aldhahi, M. I. (2024) · BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1186/s13102-023-00798-x · Cited by 11
“The HRmax was estimated using Tanaka et al. [34] equation (i.e. (208 – age) ∗ 0.7).”
MethodInfluentialWaer, F. B., Alexe, D. I., Lahiani, M., Sánchez‐Gómez, R., Chaari, F., Alexe, C. I., Tohănean, D. I., Rebai, H., Iconomescu, T. M., Talaghir, L.-G., et al. (2024) · Experimental Gerontology · doi:10.1016/j.exger.2024.112383 · Cited by 15
“…start to the end of each section (pre-exercise, warm-up, main part of Zumba or Pilates exercises, and cool-down) during each training session for both ZG and PG. Prior to the beginning of the intervention, we calculated the participants ’ HRmax using the Tanaka et al. formula (Tanaka et al., 2001).”
MethodInfluentialJae, S. Y., Lee, K. H., Kim, H. J., et al. (2024) · American Journal of Hypertension · doi:10.1093/ajh/hpae124 · Cited by 8
Jouibari, M. F., Farzanegi, P., & Barari, A. (2014) · DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) · Cited by 8
Pietrangelo, T., Mancinelli, R., Doria, C., Tano, G. D., Loffredo, B., Fanò, G., & Fulle, S. (2012) · Sport Sciences for Health · doi:10.1007/s11332-012-0107-8 · Cited by 8
Ribeiro, L. R. G., Mesquita, R., Vidotto, L. S., Merli, M. F., de Carvalho, D. R., de Castro, L. A., & Probst, V. S. (2015) · Brazilian Journal of Physical Therapy · doi:10.1590/bjpt-rbf.2014.0078 · Cited by 8
“∆HRi 10 [4–17] 8.”
InfluentialAndersen, L. N., Juul‐Kristensen, B., Roessler, K. K., Herborg, L. G., Sørensen, T. L., & Søgaard, K. (2013) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/1471-2458-13-66 · Cited by 8
Physical demand of seven closed agility drills
Atkinson, M., Rosalie, S. M., & Netto, K. (2016) · Sports Biomechanics · doi:10.1080/14763141.2016.1179781 · Cited by 8
“Raw heart rate values were converted into percentage of predicted heart rate maximum using the equation suggested by Tanaka, Monahan, and Seals (2001):”
MethodAlves, J. C. C., Peserico, C. S., Nogueira, G. Â., et al. (2016) · Science & Sports · doi:10.1016/j.scispo.2016.08.003 · Cited by 8
Changes in Gait over a 30-min Walking Session in Obese Females
SINGH, B., Vo, H., Francis, S. L., et al. (2016) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000001114 · Cited by 8
“relevant clinical measures of adiposity (19,29).”
Zhou, J. J., & Chen, F. (2017) · Journal on Multimodal User Interfaces · doi:10.1007/s12193-017-0249-8 · Cited by 8
“The window size, which behaves as a cut off frequency, is chosen because of the maximal admissible heart frequency in a normal situation, namely 200 beats/minute [34,35].”
BackgroundFritz, K., & O’Connor, P. J. (2018) · Exercise Medicine · doi:10.26644/em.2018.001 · Cited by 8
“All participants showed respiratory exchange ratio and heart rate responses indicative of maximal exercise [26], and all but one individual reported a peak perceived exertion rating that ranged from “hard” to ‘maximal’ exertion.”
BackgroundChu, D., Chen, L., Lee, Y., Hung, B.-L., Chou, K.-M., Sun, A.-C., & Fang, S. (2018) · International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport · doi:10.1080/24748668.2018.1447205 · Cited by 8
Detection of Mass Panic using Internet of Things and Machine Learning
Alsalat, G. Y., El‐Ramly, M., Aly, A., & Said, K. B. S. (2018) · International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications · doi:10.14569/ijacsa.2018.090542 · Cited by 8
“So we produced these synthetic datasets and we took in our consideration the following factors; First, we set the HR values to be extraordinary from normal, at the same time do not exceed (220 – age of a person) [29].”
MethodExercise-Induced Alterations in Sympathetic-Somatomotor Coupling in Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury
Onushko, T., Mahtani, G. B., Brazg, G., Hornby, T. G., & Schmit, B. D. (2019) · Journal of Neurotrauma · doi:10.1089/neu.2018.5719 · Cited by 8
“…used to predict the maximum heart rate (HR max = 208 – 0.7 · age) for our training groups is based on statistical models from healthy individuals, 39 and it may overestimate the attainable HR in patients with SCI. Persons with a high-thoracic (above T6) or cervical spinal injury may have…”
InfluentialYadav, A., & Bagi, J. (2018) · Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research (KLEU) · doi:10.4103/kleuhsj.kleuhsj_89_17 · Cited by 8
Kukić, F., Koropanovski, N., Janković, R., et al. (2020) · Human Sport Medicine · doi:10.14529/hsm19s208 · Cited by 8
“comparing to physical education classes [10, 25].”
van Campen, C. M. C., Rowe, P. C., & Visser, F. C. (2020) · Advances in Physical Education · doi:10.4236/ape.2020.102013 · Cited by 8
Carbonell-Hernández, L., Pastor, D., Jiménez-Loaisa, A., Ballester-Ferrer, J. A., Montero-Carretero, C., & Cervelló, E. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17155518 · Cited by 8
“To ensure that the target intensity was maintained, the subjects’ maximum heart rate (HRmax) was estimated using Tanaka’s formula ((208−0.7) × Age) [22], and the subjects were monitored to maintain an HR between 65–75% of the HRmax during the moderate-intensity session and below 65% of the HRmax during the low-intensi…”
BackgroundInfluentialMarathon running transiently depletes the myocardial lipid pool
Aengevaeren, V. L., Froeling, M., van den Berg‐Faay, S., et al. (2020) · Physiological Reports · doi:10.14814/phy2.14543 · Cited by 8
Yoon, D. H., Han, G.-Y., Hwang, S. S., Lee, D. W., Kim, J., Kim, K., Kim, J., & Song, W. J. (2020) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu12103086 · Cited by 9
“Fourteen days after their pre-testing, participants returned between 7:00 am and 10:00 am to exercise on the treadmill for 30 min at 70% of their VO2max, normally rated as “somewhat hard (12–14 on the scale)” on 6–20 scaled Borg’s perceived exertion scale [27].”
MethodDicks, N. D., Mahoney, S. J., Kramer, M., et al. (2020) · Ergonomics · doi:10.1080/00140139.2020.1858186 · Cited by 8
Heart rate variability after vigorous physical exercise is positively related to loss aversion
Molins, F., & Serrano, M. Á. (2020) · Anxiety Stress & Coping · doi:10.1080/10615806.2020.1865531 · Cited by 10
“…each participant, using the classic formula of Karvonen et al. (1957), ((HRmax − HRresting)×%intensity)+ HRresting, were HRmax was estimated with the formula of Tanaka et al. (2001), HRmax = 208− (0.7× age); and HRresting was obtained averaging the last 5 min of the habituation period (baseline).”
MethodInfluentialBertrand, É., Caru, M., Lemay, V., Andelfinger, G., Laverdière, C., Krajinović, M., Sinnett, D., & Curnier, D. Y. (2021) · Pediatric Hematology and Oncology · doi:10.1080/08880018.2021.1894279 · Cited by 8
Hernández‐Vicente, A., Hernando, D., Vicente‐Rodríguez, G., Bailón, R., Garatachea, N., & Pueyo, E. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18189497 · Cited by 8
“7*age (years) to avoid a maximal exercise test [19].”
BackgroundBennett, S. E., Tiollier, E., Brocherie, F., Owens, D. J., Morton, J. P., & Louis, J. B. (2021) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0260959 · Cited by 11
“Power ., [43].”
Michalik, K., Szczepan, S., Markowski, M., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2022.812958 · Cited by 8
“The relationship between body composition and anaerobic capacity has been reported in a number of sports, where the level of these traits is crucial for high performance, e.g., wrestlers (Vardar et al., 2007), ice hockey players (Potteiger et al., 2010) and rowers (Durkalec-Michalski et al., 2019).”
BackgroundGarcia, L., Asano, R. Y., Silveira, R., Hackney, A. C., Takito, M. Y., Kilpatrick, M. W., & Prado, R. C. R. (2022) · Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport · doi:10.1080/02701367.2022.2036316 · Cited by 10
Wiersema, J. M., Kamphuis, A. E. P., Rohling, J. H. T., Kervezee, L., Akintola, A. A., Jansen, S. W. M., Slagboom, P. E., van Heemst, D., & van der Spoel, E. (2022) · Aging · doi:10.18632/aging.204219 · Cited by 9
Li, X.-Y., Gao, Y.-H., Wu, M., Wei, D., Xiong, X.-J., Yang, Y., Jiang, Y., Pan, X.-D., Zhao, R., Yang, F., et al. (2021) · Trials · doi:10.1186/s13063-022-06840-6 · Cited by 6
Critical Power and Respiratory Compensation Point Are Not Equivalent in Patients with COPD
Tiller, N. B., Pórszász, J., Casaburi, R. H., et al. (2023) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000003124 · Cited by 8
Landa, J., Gerner, M., Eisenstein, E., & Barak, S. (2023) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph20021631 · Cited by 9
Asadi, S., Tartibian, B., & Moni, M. A. (2023) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-023-34974-3 · Cited by 8
Ghouili, H., Farhani, Z., Amara, S., et al. (2023) · EXCLI journal · doi:10.17179/excli2023-6215 · Cited by 8
“Tanaka et al. (2001) have demonstrated that the decline in MHR is not related to physical activity level or gender, but rather primarily due to the reduction in intrinsic heart rate.”
BackgroundKohanpour, M. A., Sanavi, S., Peeri, M., et al. (2012) · Iranian Journal of Kidney Diseases · Cited by 8
de Moura, B. P., Marins, J. C. B., & Amorim, P. R. D. S. (2011) · Apunts Sports Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.apunts.2010.10.004 · Cited by 8
Vales‐Alonso, J., López-Matencio, P., Alcaraz, J. J., et al. (2011) · Advances in intelligent and soft computing · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-23187-2_11 · Cited by 8
Swangnetr, M., Zhu, B., KABER, D. B., et al. (2010) · National Conference on Artificial Intelligence · Cited by 8
Zazula, D., & Šprager, S. (2012) · Symposium on Neural Network Applications in Electrical Engineering · doi:10.1109/neurel.2012.6420001 · Cited by 8
“After ECG referential electrodes mounted, participants were asked to reach their submaximal heart rate by stress testing on a bicycle ergometer [8].”
MethodPost-exercise blood pressure responses to cycle and arm-cranking
de Almeida, W. A., Lima, L. C. D. J., da Cunha, R. R., et al. (2010) · Science & Sports · doi:10.1016/j.scispo.2009.09.001 · Cited by 8
“[28]).”
Association between submaximal and maximal measures of aerobic power in female adolescents
Nikolaidis, P. Τ. (2011) · Biomedical Human Kinetics · doi:10.2478/v10101-011-0023-4 · Cited by 8
Variation de la fréquence cardiaque au cours du décathlon
Durand, S., & Beaune, B. (2006) · Science & Sports · doi:10.1016/j.scispo.2005.11.003 · Cited by 8
Casillas, J.-M., Joussain, C., Grémeaux, V., Hannequin, A., Rapin, A., Laurent, Y., & Benaïm, C. (2014) · Clinical Rehabilitation · doi:10.1177/0269215514540922 · Cited by 8
Heart Sound localization from Respiratory Sound using a robust wavelet based approach
Jin, F., Sattar, F., Razul, S. G., et al. (2008) · IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME) · doi:10.1109/icme.2008.4607451 · Cited by 8
Benda, N. M. M., Hopman, M. T. E., van Dijk, A. P. J., Oxborough, D., George, K., Thijssen, D. H. J., & Eijsvogels, T. M. H. (2016) · European Journal of Preventive Cardiology · doi:10.1177/2047487316631389 · Cited by 8
Brief Heat Training: No Improvement of the Lactate Threshold in Mild Conditions
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Metadata
- Authors
- Tanaka, H., Monahan, K. D., & Seals, D. R.
- Affiliations
- University of Colorado Boulder (US)
- Corresponding author
- Tanaka, Hirofumi
- Venue
- Journal of the American College of Cardiology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2001-01
- Volume
- 37
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 153-156
- ISSN
- 0735-1097 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2090296913
- Semantic Scholar
- 857d95626adc70db6e64da8c5fa9060489db0262
- Cited by
- 3,775
- References
- 20
- Citations by year
- 2026: 249 · 2025: 277 · 2024: 304 · 2023: 240 · 2022: 295 · 2021: 262 · 2020: 273 · 2019: 259 · 2018: 246 · 2017: 189 · 2016: 182 · 2015: 174 · 2014: 178 · 2013: 149 · 2012: 107
- FWCI
- 38.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of the American College of Cardiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Aging (AG-13038, AG 00847, AG-06537, R01AG006537)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Physical Activity and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Effects of Exercise
- Keywords
- maximal heart rate, heart rate prediction equations, older adults, exercise prescription, exercise testing, physical stress, physical activity behavior, sex differences
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Aging, Female, Heart Rate, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Reference Values
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
A language model drew the claims from the paper on 2026-10-11, under version 3 of the claim definition (model deepseek-v4.1-flash, prompt extract-v3).
A second model labelled each claim on 2026-10-11 (model jev-1.13-20260917, definition revision gold-guideline-v0.2).
Cited sources are checked with a language model’s help (gpt-6-sol).
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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