Cited by 381Autism Spectrum Disorder ResearchPharmacological Effects and Toxicity StudiesGenetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Prenatal exposure of rats to valproic acid reproduces the cerebellar anomalies associated with autism

Ingram, Jennifer L, Peckham, Stacey M, Tisdale, Barbara, Rodier, Patricia M·2000·Neurotoxicology and Teratology

Abstract

Abnormalities in anatomy and function of the cranial nerve motor nuclei have been demonstrated in some people with autism and can be modeled in rats by exposure to valproic acid during neural tube closure. Reductions in Purkinje cell number and cerebellar volume, particularly of the posterior lobe, have also been reported in people with autism. Thus, a stereological examination of cerebellar morphology was undertaken in valproate-exposed rats. Compared to controls, rats exposed to a single dose of 600-mg/kg sodium valproate on embryonic day 12.5 had significantly fewer Purkinje cells in the cerebellar vermis and a reduction short of significant in the hemispheres. The diminished cell numbers reflect reductions in tissue volume throughout the cerebellum, rather than cell density, which was unaffected in all regions. Within the vermis, the reduction in volume was significantly greater in the posterior lobe than in the anterior lobe. The results parallel those reported for human cases of autism.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/s0892-0362(99)00083-5

Cites

23 of 23 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Following prenatal VPA exposure, cell density is increased in the hippocampus but decreased in the cerebellum and the superior olivary nuclei of the brainstem.

    “Cell density is increased in the hippocampus [94], but it is decreased in the cerebellum [164] and the superior olivary nuclei of the brainstem [221] following prenatal VPA exposure.”

    From Autism spectrum disorder: neuropathology and animal models (2017) · cites this paper as [164]

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Ingram, J. L., Peckham, S. M., Tisdale, B., & Rodier, P. M.
Affiliations
University of Rochester Medicine (US)
Corresponding author
Rodier, Patricia M
Venue
Neurotoxicology and Teratology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2000-05
Volume
22
Issue
3
Pages
319-324
ISSN
0892-0362 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2069106140
Cited by
381
References
23
Citations by year
2026: 7 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 27 · 2015: 23 · 2014: 27 · 2013: 24 · 2012: 25
FWCI
2.65
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Neurotoxicology and Teratology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (5r01hd034295-05)
  • Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (P01 HD 35466, R01 HD 34295, P01HD035466)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Pharmacological Effects and Toxicity Studies
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Keywords
valproic acid, prenatal exposure, autism spectrum disorder, cerebellum, Purkinje cells, cerebellar vermis, cerebellar volume, neural tube closure, stereology, animal models of autism, cranial nerve motor nuclei
MeSH terms
Animals, Anticonvulsants, Autistic Disorder, Behavior, Animal, Cell Count, Cerebellar Diseases, Female, Pregnancy, Purkinje Cells, Valproic Acid, Rats, Long-Evans, Rats

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review