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Cited by 116Bipolar Disorder and TreatmentTreatment of Major DepressionElectroconvulsive Therapy Studies

Sustained antidepressant effect of sleep deprivation combined with pindolol in bipolar depression. A placebo-controlled trial

Smeraldi, E·1999·Neuropsychopharmacology
DOI 10.1016/s0893-133x(98)00129-8
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Abstract

Total sleep deprivation (TSD) shows powerful but transient clinical effects in patients affected by bipolar depression. Pindolol blocks the serotonergic 5-HT1A autoreceptor, thus improving the antidepressant effect of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. We evaluated the interaction of TSD and pindolol in the treatment of acute episodes of bipolar depression. Forty bipolar depressed inpatients were randomized to receive pindolol 7.5 mg/day or placebo for nine days in combination with three consecutive TSD cycles. Pindolol significantly improved the antidepressant effect of TSD, and prevented the short-term relapse after treatment. The response rate (HDRS scores < 8) at the end of treatment was 15/20 for pindolol, and 3/20 for placebo. Coadministration of pindolol and TSD resulted in a complete response, which could be sustained for six months with lithium salts alone, in 65% of cases. This results suggest a major role for serotonergic transmission in the mechanism of action of TSD, and makes TSD treatment more effective in the treatment of bipolar depression.

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Crossref · 10.1016/s0893-133x(98)00129-8

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53 of 53 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • Pindolol, a drug that blocks the serotonergic 5-HT1A autoreceptor and is used to augment the antidepressant effects of serotonin reuptake inhibitors, was shown to potentiate the effects of total sleep deprivation.

    “Interestingly, pindolol, a drug that blocks the serotonergic 5-HT1A autoreceptor and is used to augment the antidepressant effects of serotonin reuptake inhibitors, was shown to potentiate the effects of TSD (Smeraldi et al., 1999).”

    From Circadian genes, rhythms and the biology of mood disorders (2007) · cites this paper as Smeraldi et al., 1999

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Authors
Smeraldi, E.
Affiliations
University of Milan (IT)
Corresponding author
Smeraldi, E
Venue
Neuropsychopharmacology
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
1999-04
Volume
20
Issue
4
Pages
380-385
ISSN
0893-133X (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/s0893-133x(98)00129-8
OpenAlex
W2090392055
Cited by
116
References
53
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 6
FWCI
5.96
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Neuropsychopharmacology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca - Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Bipolar Disorder and Treatment
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Electroconvulsive Therapy Studies
Keywords
total sleep deprivation, pindolol, bipolar depression, antidepressant effects, 5-HT1A autoreceptors, serotonergic neurotransmission, lithium, relapse prevention, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, acute depressive episode
MeSH terms
Acute Disease, Adrenergic beta-Antagonists, Adult, Affect, Bipolar Disorder, Combined Modality Therapy, Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Pindolol, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Sleep Deprivation

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