Impact of the GH-cortisol ratio on the age-dependent changes in body composition

Nass, R; Thorner, M.O

doi:10.1016/s1096-6374(02)00022-9

Cited by 58Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth FactorsHormonal and reproductive studiesAdipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases

Impact of the GH-cortisol ratio on the age-dependent changes in body composition

Nass, R, Thorner, M.O·2002·Growth Hormone & IGF Research

DOI 10.1016/s1096-6374(02)00022-9

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Abstract

Aging is associated with a decrease in GH levels and this is paralleled by changes in body composition, i.e., increased visceral fat, and decreased lean body mass and bone mineral density. Similar changes in body composition are seen in the state of hypercortisolism. Increasing age has been shown to be associated with elevated evening cortisol levels in men. An increased exposure of several tissues to glucocorticoids with aging, i.e., visceral fat cells, in combination with the reduction of the lipolytic effects of declining GH levels, may contribute to the age-dependent increase of visceral fat accumulation. We hypothesize that the age-dependent changes in body fat are the result of an age-dependent decrease of the GH/cortisol ratio at the level of the adipocyte. This is caused by the decline in GH concentrations and the increase in cortisol levels and/or metabolism at the adipocyte.

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A decrease in IGF-1 is associated with decreased muscle size and strength, decreased protein synthesis, and increased cell death, which in turn leads to increased visceral fat and decreased lean body mass.
“This decrease in IGF-1 is associated with decreased muscle size and strength, decreased protein synthesis, and increased cell death,93 which in turn leads to increased visceral fat and decreased lean body mass.94”
From Age-related and disease-related muscle loss: The effect of diabetes, obesity, and other diseases (2014) · cites this paper as [94]

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Effect of Alendronate and MK-677 (a Growth Hormone Secretagogue), Individually and in Combination, on Markers of Bone Turnover and Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Osteoporotic Women
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Age-related and disease-related muscle loss: The effect of diabetes, obesity, and other diseases
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Cardiovascular Risk Reduction in High-Risk Pediatric Patients: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association Expert Panel on Population and Prevention Science; the Councils on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young, Epidemiology and Prevention, Nutrition, Physical Activity and Metabolism, High Blood Pressure Research, Cardiovascular Nursing, and the Kidney in Heart Disease; and the Interdisciplinary Working Group on Quality of Care and Outcomes Research: <i>Endorsed by the American Academy of Pediatrics</i>
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Long-term Cardiovascular Toxicity in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults Who Receive Cancer Therapy: Pathophysiology, Course, Monitoring, Management, Prevention, and Research Directions
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Frailty in older adults: insights and interventions.
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Physiopathological Mechanism of Sarcopenia
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Physiopathological mechanism of sarcopenia
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Relationship between Body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage, estimated by bioelectrical impedance, in a group of Sri Lankan adults: a cross sectional study
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Understanding the Physiological Links Between Physical Frailty and Cognitive Decline
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Lower growth hormone and higher cortisol are associated with greater visceral adiposity, intramyocellular lipids, and insulin resistance in overweight girls
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Elevated levels of extracellular heat-shock protein 72 (eHSP72) are positively correlated with insulin resistancein vivoand cause pancreatic β-cell dysfunction and deathin vitro
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The aging population – Is there a role for endocrine interventions?
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Self-citation
Cardiovascular Risk Reduction in High-Risk Pediatric Patients*
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Increasing use of cognitive measures in the operational definition of frailty—A systematic review
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The role of ghrelin in GH secretion and GH disorders
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Self-citation
Endocrine and Immune Effects of Dexamethasone in Unilateral Total Knee Replacement
Smith, C., Erasmus, P., & Myburgh, K. H. (2006) · Journal of International Medical Research · doi:10.1177/147323000603400605 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Clinical and Physiopathological Mechanism of Sarcopenia
Hong, S., & Choi, W. H. (2012) · Korean Journal of Medicine · doi:10.3904/kjm.2012.83.4.444 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Susceptibility of the Aging Lung to Environmental Injury
Wang, L., Green, F., Smiley‐Jewell, S. M., & Pinkerton, K. E. (2010) · Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1055/s-0030-1265895 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Relative Growth Hormone Deficiency and Cortisol Excess Are Associated with Increased Cardiovascular Risk Markers in Obese Adolescent Girls
Russell, M., Bredella, M. A., Tsai, P., Mendes, N., Miller, K. K., Klibanski, A., & Misra, M. (2009) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2009-0380 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Relationship between body mass index and percentage of body fat, estimated by bio-electrical impedance among adult females in a rural community of North India: A cross-sectional study
Misra, P., Singh, A., Archana, S., Lohiya, A., & Kant, S. (2019) · Journal of Postgraduate Medicine · doi:10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_218_18 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Diurnal Salivary Cortisol in Relation to Body Composition and Heart Rate Variability in Young Adults
Cvijetić, S., Keser, I., Jurasović, J., Orct, T., Babić, Ž. L., Boschiero, D., & Ilich, J. Z. (2022) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2022.831831 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Selective alteration at the growth‐hormone‐ releasing‐hormone nerve terminals during aging in GHRH‐green fluorescent protein mice
Alonso, G., Sánchez‐Hormigo, A., Loudes, C., Yandouzi, T. E., Carmignac, D. F., Faivre‐Bauman, A., Recolin, B., Epelbaum, J., Robinson, I. C. A. F., Mollard, P., et al. (2007) · Aging Cell · doi:10.1111/j.1474-9726.2007.00276.x · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Ghrelin Actions on Somatotropic and Gonadotropic Function in Humans
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Growth Hormone Supplementation in the Elderly
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Self-citation
Altered “set-point” of the hypothalamus determines effects of cortisol on food intake, adiposity, and metabolic substrates in sheep
Henry, B. A., Blache, D., Dunshea, F. R., & Clarke, I. J. (2009) · Domestic Animal Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.domaniend.2009.07.006 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Life extension versus improving quality of life
Nass, R. M., & Thorner, M. O. (2004) · Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.beem.2004.02.003 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
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Environmental Determinants of Lung Aging
Green, F. H. Y., & Pinkerton, K. E. (2014) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-799941-8.00027-4 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
The effects of resistance elastic bands exercises on salivary IgA and salivary cortisol levels in elderly women
Ahn, N., & Kim, K. (2018) · Biomedical Research - India · doi:10.4066/biomedicalresearch.29-17-2726 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Association Between Insomnia Symptoms and Weight Change in Older Women: Caregiver—Study of Osteoporotic Fractures Study
Ross, C. S., Ancoli‐Israel, S., Redline, S. S., Stone, K. L., & Fredman, L. (2011) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2011.03569.x · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Frailty
Walston, J. D. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-76271-1_1 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Cognitive frailty: a brief review
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Glycyrrhiza uralensis attenuates TNF-α-induced muscle atrophy in myoblast cells through the Nrf2 and MAFbx signaling cascades
Choi, J.-W., Choi, S. Y., Lee, H. H. L., Yoo, G., Lee, S. H., Choi, I., Cho, C. H., & Hur, J. (2022) · Applied Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1186/s13765-022-00684-z · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Environmental Determinants of Lung Aging
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Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation for the Treatment of Cognitive Frailty
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Premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in childhood cancer survivors
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Асоціація саркопенії й артеріальної гіпертензії, шляхи взаємного впливу на клінічний перебіг в осіб старших вікових груп (огляд літератури)
Masik, N. P., & Kalandey, K. Y. (2019) · PAIN JOINTS SPINE · doi:10.22141/2224-1507.9.2.2019.172123 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
The Effect of Combined Exercise on Body Composition, Functional Fitness and Muscle Protein Synthesis Related Hormone in Sarcopenic Obesity Elderly Women
So, Y.-S. (2016) · 한국융합학회논문지 · doi:10.15207/jkcs.2016.7.3.185 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Frailty
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Authors: Nass, R., & Thorner, M. O.
Affiliations: University of Virginia Health System (US)
Corresponding author: Thorner, M.O
ORCID: Thorner, M.O
Venue: Growth Hormone & IGF Research
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2002-06
Volume: 12
Issue: 3
Pages: 147-161
ISSN: 1096-6374 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/s1096-6374(02)00022-9
OpenAlex: W1974921448
Cited by: 58
References: 279
Citations by year: 2024: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 4 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 3
FWCI: 0.33
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Growth Hormone & IGF Research (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Hormonal and reproductive studies
Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
Keywords: growth hormone, cortisol, aging, body composition, visceral fat, adipocytes, hypercortisolism, lean body mass, bone mineral density, lipolysis, glucocorticoids
MeSH terms: Aging, Animals, Body Composition, Female, Humans, Hydrocortisone, Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System, Insulin-Like Growth Factor I, Male, Models, Biological, Obesity, Pituitary-Adrenal System, Growth Hormone, Adipocytes, Human Growth Hormone

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Impact of the GH-cortisol ratio on the age-dependent changes in body composition

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