Protein carbonylation in human diseases
Abstract
Oxidative modifications of enzymes and structural proteins play a significant role in the aetiology and/or progression of several human diseases. Protein carbonyl content is the most general and well-used biomarker of severe oxidative protein damage. Human diseases associated with protein carbonylation include Alzheimer's disease, chronic lung disease, chronic renal failure, diabetes and sepsis. Rapid recent progress in the identification of carbonylated proteins should provide new diagnostic (possibly pre-symptomatic) biomarkers for oxidative damage, and yield basic information to aid the establishment an efficacious antioxidant therapy.
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Protein carbonylation is a stable modification induced by ROS via three pathways: direct oxidation of protein-bound amino acids, oxidative cleavage of the protein backbone, and incorporation of carbonyls from glycoxidation or lipoxidation.
“Protein carbonylation is a stable modification induced by ROS via three pathways: direct oxidation of protein-bound amino acids, oxidative cleavage of the protein backbone, and incorporation of carbonyls from glycoxidation or lipoxidation [63].”
From Protein oxidation - Formation mechanisms, detection and relevance as biomarkers in human diseases (2021) · cites this paper as [63]
Protein carbonyls are relevant in aging and age-related diseases.
“together indicating the relevance of protein carbonyls in aging and age-related diseases”
From Protein oxidation - Formation mechanisms, detection and relevance as biomarkers in human diseases (2021) · cites this paper as [63]
Elevated protein carbonyl levels have been found in neurodegenerative disease, such as AD.
“elevated protein carbonyl levels have been found in neurodegenerative disease, such as AD”
From Protein oxidation - Formation mechanisms, detection and relevance as biomarkers in human diseases (2021) · cites this paper as [63]
Peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids in membrane lipids by ROS can generate highly reactive aldehydes, such as 4-hydroxynonenal, which irreversibly modify proteins by carbonylation.
“Peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids in membrane lipids60 by ROS can generate highly reactive aldehydes, such as 4-hydroxynonenal, which irreversibly modify proteins by carbonylation.61,62”
From The role of iron in brain ageing and neurodegenerative disorders (2014) · cites this paper as [61]
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- Authors
- Dalle-Donne, I., Giustarini, D., Colombo, R., Rossi, R., & Milzani, A.
- Affiliations
- University of Siena (IT)
- University of Milan (IT)
- Venue
- Trends in Molecular Medicine
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2003-04
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 169-176
- ISSN
- 1471-4914 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2134724878
- Cited by
- 961
- References
- 69
- Citations by year
- 2026: 17 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 30 · 2023: 45 · 2022: 36 · 2021: 45 · 2020: 50 · 2019: 50 · 2018: 40 · 2017: 41 · 2016: 48 · 2015: 57 · 2014: 54 · 2013: 70 · 2012: 44
- FWCI
- 2.10
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Trends in Molecular Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Use Siena air (University of Siena) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Redox biology and oxidative stress
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Clinical Biochemistry › Advanced Glycation End Products research
- Keywords
- protein carbonylation, oxidative protein damage, oxidative stress biomarkers, Alzheimer's disease, chronic lung disease, chronic kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, sepsis, antioxidant therapy, protein carbonyls
- MeSH terms
- Antioxidants, Disease, Humans, Oxidation-Reduction, Proteins, Reactive Oxygen Species, Oxidative Stress
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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