The promise of minocycline in neurology

Inflammation is detrimental for neurogenesis in adult brain

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Blockade of Microglial Activation Is Neuroprotective in the 1-Methyl-4-Phenyl-1,2,3,6-Tetrahydropyridine Mouse Model of Parkinson Disease

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Metalloproteinases in biology and pathology of the nervous system

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Minocycline inhibits cytochrome c release and delays progression of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in mice

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Minocycline inhibits caspase-1 and caspase-3 expression and delays mortality in a transgenic mouse model of Huntington disease

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A tetracycline derivative, minocycline, reduces inflammation and protects against focal cerebral ischemia with a wide therapeutic window

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Minocycline, a tetracycline derivative, is neuroprotective against excitotoxicity by inhibiting activation and proliferation of microglia

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Minocycline Prevents Nigrostriatal Dopaminergic Neurodegeneration in the MPTP Model of Parkinson’s Disease

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Epidermal immunization by a needle-free powder delivery technology: Immunogenicity of influenza vaccine and protection in mice

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Minocycline: Far beyond an Antibiotic

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Biochemistry and molecular biology of gelatinase B or matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9): The next decade

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Activated Microglia Contribute to the Maintenance of Chronic Pain after Spinal Cord Injury

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Preclinical and clinical research on inflammation after intracerebral hemorrhage

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Inflammasome signaling affects anxiety- and depressive-like behavior and gut microbiome composition

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Metalloproteinases: Mediators of Pathology and Regeneration in the CNS

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Minocycline and Neurodegenerative Diseases

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Evidence that Microglia Mediate the Neurobiological Effects of Chronic Psychological Stress on the Medial Prefrontal Cortex

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Results of a phase II placebo-controlled randomized trial of minocycline in acute spinal cord injury

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Matrix metalloproteinases in brain development and remodeling: Synaptic functions and targets

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Role of Neuroinflammation in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Cellular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications

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Features of Microglia and Neuroinflammation Relevant to Environmental Exposure and Neurotoxicity

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Neuroinflammation in intracerebral haemorrhage: immunotherapies with potential for translation

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Minocycline Reduces Cell Death and Improves Functional Recovery after Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury in the Rat

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Intracellular Targets of Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 in Cardiac Disease: Rationale and Therapeutic Approaches

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Minocycline Attenuates Neuronal Cell Death and Improves Cognitive Impairment in Alzheimer's Disease Models

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Can the immune system be harnessed to repair the CNS?

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Minocycline as a Neuroprotective Agent

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Recent advances in MMP inhibitor design

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Suppression of Microglial Activation Is Neuroprotective in a Mouse Model of Human Retinitis Pigmentosa

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Protection and repair of the injured spinal cord: a review of completed, ongoing, and planned clinical trials for acute spinal cord injury

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Intrathecal minocycline attenuates peripheral inflammation‐induced hyperalgesia by inhibiting p38 MAPK in spinal microglia

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Altered P2X7‐receptor level and function in mouse models of Huntington's disease and therapeutic efficacy of antagonist administration

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Microglia Kv1.3 Channels Contribute to Their Ability to Kill Neurons

Fordyce, C. B., Jagasia, R., Zhu, X., & Schlichter, L. C. (2005) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1251-05.2005 · Cited by 213

Friends or foes: matrix metalloproteinases and their multifaceted roles in neurodegenerative diseases

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Intraepidermal nerve fiber loss corresponds to the development of Taxol-induced hyperalgesia and can be prevented by treatment with minocycline

Boyette-Davis, J. A., Xin, W., Zhang, H., & Dougherty, P. M. (2010) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2010.10.030 · Cited by 202

Targeted drug-delivery approaches by nanoparticulate carriers in the therapy of inflammatory diseases

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Serum neurofilament light chain is a biomarker of human spinal cord injury severity and outcome

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Do glial cells control pain?

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Communicating systems in the body: how microbiota and microglia cooperate

Erny, D., de Angelis, A. L. H., & Prinz, M. (2016) · Immunology · doi:10.1111/imm.12645 · Cited by 195

Microglia and macrophage phenotypes in intracerebral haemorrhage injury: therapeutic opportunities

Bai, Q., Xue, M., & Yong, V. W. (2019) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awz393 · Cited by 191

Drug delivery, cell-based therapies, and tissue engineering approaches for spinal cord injury

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Differential activation of spinal microglial and astroglial cells in a mouse model of peripheral neuropathic pain

Mika, J., Osikowicz, M., Rojewska, E., Korostyński, M., Wawrzczak‐Bargieła, A., Przewłocki, R., & Przewłocka, B. (2009) · European Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2009.09.030 · Cited by 187

The intestinal barrier in multiple sclerosis: implications for pathophysiology and therapeutics

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Trial of Minocycline in a Clinically Isolated Syndrome of Multiple Sclerosis

Metz, L. M., Li, D. K. B., Traboulsee, A. L., Duquette, P., Eliasziw, M., Cerchiaro, G., Greenfield, J., Riddehough, A., Yeung, M., Kremenchutzky, M., et al. (2017) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1608889 · Cited by 186

Understanding the Pathophysiology of Ischemic Stroke: The Basis of Current Therapies and Opportunity for New Ones

Salaudeen, M. A., Bello, N., Danraka, R. N., & Ammani, M. L. (2024) · Biomolecules · doi:10.3390/biom14030305 · Cited by 223

Contribution of Macrophages to Enhanced Regenerative Capacity of Dorsal Root Ganglia Sensory Neurons by Conditioning Injury

Kwon, M. J., Kim, J., Shin, H., Jeong, S. R., Kang, Y. M., Choi, J. Y., Hwang, D. H., & Kim, B. G. (2013) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.0278-13.2013 · Cited by 177

Recent Advances in Methamphetamine Neurotoxicity Mechanisms and Its Molecular Pathophysiology

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Inflammation in Neurological Disorders: A Help or a Hindrance?

Yong, V. W. (2010) · The Neuroscientist · doi:10.1177/1073858410371379 · Cited by 179

Matrix metalloprotease regulation of neuropathic pain

Ji, R., Xu, Z., Wang, X., & Lo, E. H. (2009) · Trends in Pharmacological Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tips.2009.04.002 · Cited by 171

A Requirement for Microglial TLR4 in Leukocyte Recruitment into Brain in Response to Lipopolysaccharide

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Translating mechanisms of neuroprotection, regeneration, and repair to treatment of spinal cord injury

Siddiqui, A. M., Khazaei, M. R., & Fehlings, M. G. (2015) · Progress in brain research · doi:10.1016/bs.pbr.2014.12.007 · Cited by 168

Role of matrix metalloproteinases and therapeutic benefits of their inhibition in spinal cord injury.

Zhang, H., Chang, M., Hansen, C. N., Basso, D. M., & Noble-Haeusslein, L. J. (2011) · Neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1007/s13311-011-0038-0 · Cited by 163

Genetics and Biomarkers of Moyamoya Disease: Significance ofRNF213as a Susceptibility Gene

Fujimura, M., Sonobe, S., Nishijima, Y., Niizuma, K., Sakata, H., Kure, S., & Tominaga, T. (2014) · Journal of Stroke · doi:10.5853/jos.2014.16.2.65 · Cited by 163

Selection of reference genes for quantitative real-time PCR in a rat asphyxial cardiac arrest model

Langnaese, K., John, R., Schweizer, H., Ebmeyer, U., & Keilhoff, G. (2008) · BMC Molecular Biology · doi:10.1186/1471-2199-9-53 · Cited by 160

Protective effects of minocycline on behavioral changes and neurotoxicity in mice after administration of methamphetamine

Zhang, L., Kitaichi, K., Fujimoto, Y., Nakayama, H., Shimizu, E., Iyo, M., & Hashimoto, K. (2006) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2006.05.015 · Cited by 159

What is behind the non-antibiotic properties of minocycline?

Garrido‐Mesa, N., Zarzuelo, A., & Gálvez, J. (2012) · Pharmacological Research · doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2012.10.006 · Cited by 158

Pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis

Prat, A., & Antel, J. P. (2005) · Current Opinion in Neurology · doi:10.1097/01.wco.0000169737.99040.31 · Cited by 160

Blockade of Acute Microglial Activation by Minocycline Promotes Neuroprotection and Reduces Locomotor Hyperactivity after Closed Head Injury in Mice: A Twelve-Week Follow-Up Study

Homsi, S., Piaggio, T., Croci, N., Noble, F., Plotkine, M., Marchand-Leroux, C., & Jafarian-Tehrani, M. (2010) · Journal of Neurotrauma · doi:10.1089/neu.2009.1223 · Cited by 158

Minocycline protects the blood–brain barrier and reduces edema following intracerebral hemorrhage in the rat

Wasserman, J. K., & Schlichter, L. C. (2007) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2007.06.025 · Cited by 166

Elevation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in multiple sclerosis and impact of immunomodulators

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Novel therapeutic strategies for multiple sclerosis — a multifaceted adversary

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Intravenous Minocycline in Acute Stroke

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Minocycline effects on cerebral edema: Relations with inflammatory and oxidative stress markers following traumatic brain injury in mice

Homsi, S., Federico, F., Croci, N., Palmier, B., Plotkine, M., Marchand‐Leroux, C., & Jafarian-Tehrani, M. (2009) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2009.07.031 · Cited by 147

Minocycline as Adjunctive Therapy for Schizophrenia: An Open-Label Study

Miyaoka, T., Yasukawa, R., Yasuda, H., Hayashida, M., Inagaki, T., & Horiguchi, J. (2008) · Clinical Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1097/wnf.0b013e3181593d45 · Cited by 146

Therapeutic targets and limits of minocycline neuroprotection in experimental ischemic stroke

Matsukawa, N., Yasuhara, T., Hara, K., Xu, L., Maki, M., Yu, G., Kaneko, Y., Ojika, K., Hess, D. C., & Borlongan, C. V. (2009) · BMC Neuroscience · doi:10.1186/1471-2202-10-126 · Cited by 146

Minocycline inhibits brain inflammation and attenuates spontaneous recurrent seizures following pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus

Wang, N., Mi, X., Gao, B., Gu, J., Wang, W., Zhang, Y., & Wang, X. (2014) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.12.021 · Cited by 140

Minocycline prevents the depressive-like behavior through inhibiting the release of HMGB1 from microglia and neurons

Wang, B., Huang, X., Pan, X., Zhang, T., Hou, C., Su, W., Liu, L.-L., Li, J., & Wang, Y. (2020) · Brain Behavior and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2020.06.019 · Cited by 134

Minocycline treatment reverses ultrasonic vocalization production deficit in a mouse model of Fragile X Syndrome

Rotschafer, S. E., Trujillo, M. S., Dansie, L. E., Ethell, I. M., & Razak, K. A. (2012) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2011.12.041 · Cited by 130

Cell Death Pathways: a Novel Therapeutic Approach for Neuroscientists

Morris, G., Walker, A. J., Berk, M., Maes, M. H. J., & Puri, B. K. (2017) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s12035-017-0793-y · Cited by 134

Minocycline and hypothermia for reperfusion injury after focal cerebral ischemia in the rat—Effects on BBB breakdown and MMP expression in the acute and subacute phase

Nagel, S., Su, Y., Horstmann, S., Heiland, S., Gardner, H., Koziol, J., Martinez-Torres, F. J., & Wagner, S. (2007) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2007.10.052 · Cited by 130

Minocycline Prevents Focal Neurological Deterioration Due to Cerebral Hyperperfusion After Extracranial-Intracranial Bypass for Moyamoya Disease

Fujimura, M., Niizuma, K., Inoue, T., Sato, K., Endo, H., Shimizu, H., & Tominaga, T. (2013) · Neurosurgery · doi:10.1227/neu.0000000000000238 · Cited by 128

The inflammatory cytokine, interleukin‐1 beta, mediates loss of astroglial glutamate transport and drives excitotoxic motor neuron injury in the spinal cord during acute viral encephalomyelitis

Prow, N. A., & Irani, D. N. (2008) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2008.05230.x · Cited by 126

The Gut-Microglia Connection: Implications for Central Nervous System Diseases

Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Wang, Y., Li, F., Jia, J., Song, X., Qin, S., Wang, R., Jin, F., Kitazato, K., et al. (2018) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2018.02325 · Cited by 130

The microglia in healthy and diseased retina

Li, L., Eter, N., & Heiduschka, P. (2015) · Experimental Eye Research · doi:10.1016/j.exer.2015.04.020 · Cited by 112

The clinical response to minocycline in multiple sclerosis is accompanied by beneficial immune changes: a pilot study

Zabad, R. K., Metz, L. M., Todoruk, T. R., Zhang, Y., Mitchell, J. R., Yeung, M., Patry, D. G., Bell, R. B., & Yong, V. W. (2007) · Multiple Sclerosis Journal · doi:10.1177/1352458506070319 · Cited by 120

Systemic inflammation in traumatic spinal cord injury

Bloom, O., Herman, P. E., & Spungen, A. M. (2019) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2019.113143 · Cited by 123

Matrix Metalloproteinases in Acute Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Lattanzi, S., Napoli, M. D., Ricci, S., & Divani, A. A. (2020) · Neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1007/s13311-020-00839-0 · Cited by 124

Doxycycline restrains glia and confers neuroprotection in a 6‐OHDA Parkinson model

Lazzarini, M., Martin, S., Mitkovski, M., Raisman‐Vozari, R., Stühmer, W., & Bel, E. D. (2013) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.22496 · Cited by 119

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (motor neuron disease): proposed mechanisms and pathways to treatment

Goodall, G., & Morrison, K. E. (2006) · Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1017/s1462399406010854 · Cited by 119

Microglial physiopathology: how to explain the dual role of microglia after acute neural disorders?

Gomes‐Leal, W. (2012) · Brain and Behavior · doi:10.1002/brb3.51 · Cited by 115

Combination therapy using minocycline and coenzyme Q10 in R6/2 transgenic Huntington's disease mice

Stack, E. C., Smith, K. M., Ryu, H., Cormier, K., Chen, M., Hagerty, S. W., Del Signore, S. J., Cudkowicz, M. E., Friedlander, R. M., & Ferrante, R. J. (2006) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.bbadis.2005.11.002 · Cited by 114

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Current perspectives from basic research to the clinic

Mancuso, R., & Navarro, X. (2015) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2015.07.004 · Cited by 125

Clinical Trials in Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury

Donovan, J. M., & Kirshblum, S. (2018) · Neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1007/s13311-018-0632-5 · Cited by 110

Minocycline, focus on mechanisms of resistance, antibacterial activity, and clinical effectiveness: Back to the future

Asadi, A., Abdi, M., Kouhsari, E., Panahi, P., Sholeh, M., Sadeghifard, N., Amiriani, T., Ahmadi, A., Maleki, A., & Gholami, M. (2020) · Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance · doi:10.1016/j.jgar.2020.01.022 · Cited by 112

Microglia and inflammation: conspiracy, controversy or control?

Fernandes, A., Miller-Fleming, L., & Pais, T. F. (2014) · Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences · doi:10.1007/s00018-014-1670-8 · Cited by 103

New Insights into Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Response in Neurodegenerative Diseases

Scarian, E., Viola, C., Dragoni, F., Gerlando, R. D., Rizzo, B., Diamanti, L., Gagliardi, S., Bordoni, M., & Pansarasa, O. (2024) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms25052698 · Cited by 118

PET Imaging of the Peripheral Benzodiazepine Receptor: Monitoring Disease Progression and Therapy Response in Neurodegenerative Disorders

Doorduin, J., de Vries, E. F. J., Dierckx, R. A. J. O., & Klein, H. (2008) · Current Pharmaceutical Design · doi:10.2174/138161208786549443 · Cited by 107

Current and future therapeutic strategies for functional repair of spinal cord injury

Tohda, C., & Kuboyama, T. (2011) · Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2011.05.006 · Cited by 107

Neuroprotection by Minocycline Caused by Direct and Specific Scavenging of Peroxynitrite

Schildknecht, S., Pape, R., Müller, N., Robotta, M., Marquardt, A., Bürkle, A., Drescher, M., & Leist, M. (2010) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m110.169565 · Cited by 107

Minocycline and N -methyl-4-isoleucine cyclosporin (NIM811) mitigate storage/reperfusion injury after rat liver transplantation through suppression of the mitochondrial permeability transition

Theruvath, T. P., Zhong, Z., Pediaditakis, P., Ramshesh, V. K., Currin, R. T., Tikunov, A. P., Holmuhamedov, E., & Lemasters, J. J. (2007) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.21912 · Cited by 107

Minocycline Attenuates Hyperlocomotion and Prepulse Inhibition Deficits in Mice after Administration of the NMDA Receptor Antagonist Dizocilpine

Zhang, L., Shirayama, Y., Iyo, M., & Hashimoto, K. (2007) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/sj.npp.1301313 · Cited by 105

Tetracycline repurposing in neurodegeneration: focus on Parkinson’s disease

Bortolanza, M., Nascimento, G. C., Socías, S. B., Ploper, D., Chehín, R. N., Raisman‐Vozari, R., & Bel, E. A. D. (2018) · Journal of Neural Transmission · doi:10.1007/s00702-018-1913-1 · Cited by 104

Possible antipsychotic effects of minocycline in patients with schizophrenia

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Minocycline reduces glioma expansion and invasion by attenuating microglial MT1-MMP expression

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