The DOI matches its Crossref record; 138 of the 140 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease: diagnosis and management
Abstract
The clinical diagnosis of Parkinson's disease rests on the identification of the characteristics related to dopamine deficiency that are a consequence of degeneration of the substantia nigra pars compacta. However, non-dopaminergic and non-motor symptoms are sometimes present before diagnosis and almost inevitably emerge with disease progression. Indeed, non-motor symptoms dominate the clinical picture of advanced Parkinson's disease and contribute to severe disability, impaired quality of life, and shortened life expectancy. By contrast with the dopaminergic symptoms of the disease, for which treatment is available, non-motor symptoms are often poorly recognised and inadequately treated. However, attention is now being focused on the recognition and quantitation of non-motor symptoms, which will form the basis of improved treatments. Some non-motor symptoms, including depression, constipation, pain, genitourinary problems, and sleep disorders, can be improved with available treatments. Other non-motor symptoms can be more refractory and need the introduction of novel non-dopaminergic drugs. Inevitably, the development of treatments that can slow or prevent the progression of Parkinson's disease and its multicentric neurodegeneration provides the best hope of curing non-motor symptoms.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Indeed, non-motor symptoms dominate the clinical picture of PD”
From Distant delivery of a mindfulness-based intervention for people with Parkinson's disease: The study protocol of a randomised pilot trial (2017) · cites this paper as [2]
In the citing paper
“and contribute to severe disability, impaired quality of life, and shortened life expectancy [2].”
From Distant delivery of a mindfulness-based intervention for people with Parkinson's disease: The study protocol of a randomised pilot trial (2017) · cites this paper as [2]
Citations
Cites
The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale
Zigmond, A. S., & Snaith, R. P. (1983) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x · Cited by 47,139
An inventory for measuring depression
BECK, A. T. (1961) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1961.01710120031004 · Cited by 38,032
Hamilton, M. (1960) · Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.23.1.56 · Cited by 32,817
A New Method for Measuring Daytime Sleepiness: The Epworth Sleepiness Scale
Johns, M. W. (1991) · Sleep · doi:10.1093/sleep/14.6.540 · Cited by 17,364
Staging of brain pathology related to sporadic Parkinson’s disease
Braak, H., Tredici, K. D., Rüb, U., de Vos, R. A. I., Jansen Steur, E. N. H., & Braak, E. (2003) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/s0197-4580(02)00065-9 · Cited by 10,777
Hughes, A. J., Daniel, S. E., Kilford, L., & Lees, A. J. (1992) · Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.55.3.181 · Cited by 10,378
Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale
(2012) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/springerreference_184495 · Cited by 3,071
Parkinson, J. (2002) · Journal of Neuropsychiatry · doi:10.1176/jnp.14.2.223 · Cited by 2,856
Recent developments in Parkinson's disease
Fahn, S., Elton, R., MARSDEN, C. D., Calne, D. B., & Goldstein, M. (1986) · Raven Press eBooks · Cited by 2,306
Functional anatomy of the basal ganglia. I. The cortico-basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical loop
Parent, A., & Hazrati, L.-N. (1995) · Brain Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/0165-0173(94)00007-c · Cited by 2,161
Research works printed but not linked: 7
- Chaudhuri, 2004, The holistic management of Parkinson's using a novel non-motor symptom scale and questionnaire, Adv Clin Neurosci Rehab, 4, 20
- Gulati, 2004, A clinical observational study of the pattern and occurrence of non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease ranging from early to advanced disease, Mov Disord, 19, S406
- Abbott, 2005, Excessive daytime sleepiness and the future risk of Parkinson's disease, Mov Disord, 20, S101
- Doder, 2000, Brain serotonin 5HT1A receptors in Parkinson's disease with and without depression measured by positron emission tomography with 11C-WAY 10635, Mov Disord, 15, 213
- Diederich, 2005, Repeated visual hallucinations in Parkisnon's disease as disturbed external/internal perceptions: focused review and a new integrative model, Mov Disord, 20, 130, 10.1002/mds.20308 · DOI
- Tyvaert, 2005, Sexual dysfunction and sub-thalamic stimulation in Parkinson's disease, Park Related Disord, 11, 116
- Isaacson, 2005, Non-motor symptoms frequently herald end-of-dose wearing off in Parkinson's disease, Mov Disord, 20, S52
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Non-motor features of Parkinson disease
Schapira, A. H. V., Chaudhuri, K. R., & Jenner, P. (2017) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn.2017.62 · Cited by 2,053
Self-citationNon-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease: dopaminergic pathophysiology and treatment
Chaudhuri, К. R., & Schapira, A. H. V. (2009) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(09)70068-7 · Cited by 1,818
Self-citationBarone, P., Antonini, A., Colosimo, C., Marconi, R., Morgante, L., Avarello, T. P., Bottacchi, E., Cannas, A., Ceravolo, G., Ceravolo, R., et al. (2009) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.22643 · Cited by 1,445
“Scales have been proposed for NMS evaluation addressing individual aspects such as sleep, cognition, mood, behavior, and quality of life.(7) Recently, the first”
BackgroundChaudhuri, К. R., Martínez‐Martín, P., Brown, R. G., Sethi, K. D., Stocchi, F., Odin, P., Ondo, W. G., Abe, K., Macphee, G. J. A., MacMahon, D., et al. (2007) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.21596 · Cited by 1,090
Self-citationMartínez‐Martín, P., Rodríguez‐Blázquez, C., Kurtis, M. M., Chaudhuri, К. R., & on Behalf of the NMSS Validation Group (2011) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.23462 · Cited by 1,043
Evolution of cognitive dysfunction in an incident Parkinson's disease cohort
Williams‐Gray, C. H., Foltynie, T., Brayne, C., Robbins, T. W., & Barker, R. (2007) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awm111 · Cited by 935
“Although Parkinson’s disease (PD) is defined classically in terms of its motor symptomatology, it has become apparent in recent years that non-motor deficits form an important part of the syndrome (Chaudhuri et al., 2006).”
BackgroundShippee, N. D., Shah, N. D., May, C. R., Mair, F. S., & Montori, V. M. (2012) · Journal of Clinical Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2012.05.005 · Cited by 728
“Accordingly, themodel incorporates patient capacity, which denotes the resources and limitations affecting patients’ ability or readiness to do work, such as mental/physical functioning [8,36,60e62]; unpleasant symptoms such as incontinence, psoriasis, or insomnia [63e65]; pain, stress, or fatigue [66e68]; and even pr…”
BackgroundSavelieff, M. G., Nam, G., Kang, J., Lee, H. J., Lee, M., & Lim, M. H. (2018) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00138 · Cited by 612
A timeline for Parkinson's disease
Hawkes, C. H., Del Tredici, K., & Braak, H. (2010) · Parkinsonism & Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.parkreldis.2009.08.007 · Cited by 594
Martínez‐Martín, P., Schapira, A. H. V., Stocchi, F., Sethi, K. D., Odin, P., Macphee, G. J. A., Brown, R. G., Naidu, Y., Clayton, L. M. S., Abe, K., et al. (2007) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.21586 · Cited by 556
Self-citationParkinson’s Disease: Etiology, Neuropathology, and Pathogenesis
Kouli, A., Torsney, K., & Kuan, W. (2018) · Codon Publications eBooks · doi:10.15586/codonpublications.parkinsonsdisease.2018.ch1 · Cited by 634
“Degeneration in those systems is thought to account for some of the non-motor symptoms of PD that do not respond well to dopamine replacement therapies (79).”
Invited Article: Nervous system pathology in sporadic Parkinson disease
Braak, H., & Tredici, K. D. (2008) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000312279.49272.9f · Cited by 548
Pathogenesis of Parkinson disease—the gut–brain axis and environmental factors
Klingelhoefer, L., & Reichmann, H. (2015) · Nature Reviews Neurology · doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2015.197 · Cited by 598
Neurotoxin-based models of Parkinson's disease
Bové, J., & Perier, C. (2011) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.10.057 · Cited by 534
“These non-motor symptoms include neuropsychiatric and sleep disorders, olfactory deficits, constipation, and male erectile dysfunction among others (Chaudhuri et al., 2006).”
BackgroundClassic and New Animal Models of Parkinson's Disease
Blesa, J., Phani, S., Jackson-Lewis, V. R., & Przedborski, S. (2012) · BioMed Research International · doi:10.1155/2012/845618 · Cited by 533
Gallagher, D. A., Lees, A. J., & Schrag, A. E. (2010) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.23394 · Cited by 506
Pain in Parkinson’s disease: Prevalence and characteristics
Beiske, A. G., Loge, J. H., Rønningen, A., & Svensson, E. (2008) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2008.12.004 · Cited by 505
“A recent review of non-motor symptoms in PD patients emphasized the need for large communitybased studies on the prevalence of pain and other non-motor symptoms [5].”
BackgroundDysphagia in Parkinson’s Disease
Suttrup, I., & Warnecke, T. (2015) · Dysphagia · doi:10.1007/s00455-015-9671-9 · Cited by 510
Hypocretin (orexin) loss in Parkinson's disease
Fronczek, R., Overeem, S., Lee, S. Y. Y., Hegeman, I. M., van Pelt, J., van Duinen, S. G., Lammers, G. J., & Swaab, D. F. (2007) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awm090 · Cited by 463
“However, there is a growing interest in the non-motor symptoms, such as autonomic dysfunction and cognitive disturbances (Chaudhuri et al., 2006).”
BackgroundThe Role of Autophagy in Parkinson's DiseasePreprint
Lynch-Day, M. A., Mao, K., Wang, K., Zhao, M., & Klionsky, D. J. (2012) · Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine · doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a009357 · Cited by 477
Mhyre, T. R., Boyd, J. T., Hamill, R. W., & Maguire‐Zeiss, K. A. (2012) · Sub-cellular biochemistry/Subcellular biochemistry · doi:10.1007/978-94-007-5416-4_16 · Cited by 463
“These disorders have been reviewed extensively (Chaudhuri et al. 2006; Pfeiffer 2007; Simuni and Sethi 2008; Tolosa and Poewe 2009; Gallagher et al. 2010; Lim and Lang 2010).”
BackgroundPriorities in Parkinson's disease research
Meissner, W. G., Frasier, M. A., Gasser, T., Goetz, C. G., Lozano, A. M., Piccini, P. P., Obeso, J. A., Rascol, O., Schapira, A. H. V., Voon, V., et al. (2011) · Nature Reviews Drug Discovery · doi:10.1038/nrd3430 · Cited by 461
“Beyond dementia, major non-motor neuropsychiatric symptoms include depression, anxiety, apathy and psychosi”
BackgroundSelf-citationChaudhuri, К. R., Prieto‐Jurcynska, C., Naidu, Y., Mitra, T., Payo, B. F., Tluk, S., Ruessmann, A., Odin, P., Macphee, G. J. A., Stocchi, F., et al. (2010) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.22868 · Cited by 431
Self-citationLebouvier, T., Neunlist, M., Bruley des Varannes, S., Coron, E., Drouard, A., N'Guyen, J.-M., Chaumette, T., Tasselli, M., Paillusson, S., Flamand, M., et al. (2010) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0012728 · Cited by 427
“Yet PD patients also suffer from a wide variety of dopa-unresponsive symptoms likely to reflect lesions beyond the substantia nigra [8].”
BackgroundFerroptosis Mechanisms Involved in Neurodegenerative Diseases
Reichert, C. O., de Freitas, F. A., Sampaio‐Silva, J., Rokita-Rosa, L., Barros, P. D. L., Levy, D., & Bydlowski, S. P. (2020) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms21228765 · Cited by 431
Li, W., Wu, X., Hu, X., Wang, T., Liang, S., Duan, Y., Jin, F., & Qin, B. (2017) · Science China Life Sciences · doi:10.1007/s11427-016-9001-4 · Cited by 406
Mitochondrial dysfunction in Parkinson’s disease – a key disease hallmark with therapeutic potential
Henrich, M. T., Oertel, W. H., Surmeier, D. J., & Geibl, F. F. (2023) · Molecular Neurodegeneration · doi:10.1186/s13024-023-00676-7 · Cited by 450
Depression and Parkinson’s Disease: Current Knowledge
Marsh, L. (2013) · Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports · doi:10.1007/s11910-013-0409-5 · Cited by 434
“Psychological factors are relevant, but psychosocial factors and disability are not the predominant determinants of depressive disorders in PD [26, 27].”
BackgroundReview: Sporadic Parkinson's disease: development and distribution ofα‐synuclein pathology
Tredici, K. D., & Braak, H. (2015) · Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology · doi:10.1111/nan.12298 · Cited by 416
Parkinson’s disease: The non-motor issues
Chaudhuri, К. R., Odin, P., Antonini, A., & Martínez‐Martín, P. (2011) · Parkinsonism & Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.parkreldis.2011.02.018 · Cited by 390
“depression, sleep dysfunction are determinants of HRQoL) and also indirectly, because of the disability caused by NMS [2,4,6,40,41].”
BackgroundEpidemiological, clinical, and genetic characteristics of early-onset parkinsonism
Schrag, A. E., & Schott, J. M. (2006) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(06)70411-2 · Cited by 403
Ma, K., Xiong, N., Shen, Y., Han, C., Liu, L., Zhang, G., Wang, L., Guo, S., Guo, X., Xia, Y. F., et al. (2018) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2018.00001 · Cited by 394
“Apart from nigrostriatal system, other nuclei such as locus ceruleus, brain stem reticular nuclei, dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve, basal nucleus of Meynert, amygdala, and the CA2 area of the hippocampus (Chaudhuri et al., 2006) are also affected.”
BackgroundNon motor subtypes and Parkinson's disease
Sauerbier, A., Jenner, P. G., Todorova, A., & Chaudhuri, К. R. (2015) · Parkinsonism & Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.parkreldis.2015.09.027 · Cited by 377
Nonmotor fluctuations in Parkinson disease
Storch, A., Schneider, C. B., Wolz, M., Stürwald, Y., Nebe, A., Odin, P., Mahler, A., Fuchs, G., Jost, W. H., Chaudhuri, К. R., et al. (2013) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0b013e318285c0ed · Cited by 380
Montgomery, S. L., & Bowers, W. J. (2011) · Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology · doi:10.1007/s11481-011-9287-2 · Cited by 372
A pathophysiological model of freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease
Lewis, S. J. G., & Barker, R. A. (2008) · Parkinsonism & Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.parkreldis.2008.08.006 · Cited by 343
Nonmotor features of Parkinson's disease subtypes
Marras, C., & Chaudhuri, К. R. (2016) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.26510 · Cited by 327
“The range and nature of NMSs of PD are wide and vary from cognitive and neuropsychiatric to sleep problems and dysautonomia either occurring in isolation as the dominant feature or in combination.(26) Motor aspects of PD such as falls may also be intricately linked to specific NMSs of PD such as cognition.”
BackgroundThe mutual interplay of gut microbiota, diet and human disease
Illiano, P., Brambilla, R., & Parolini, C. (2020) · FEBS Journal · doi:10.1111/febs.15217 · Cited by 338
Braak, H., Sastre, M., Böhl, J., de Vos, R. A. I., & Tredici, K. D. (2007) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/s00401-007-0193-x · Cited by 325
“not distract from less conspicuous symptoms that also emerge during the disease course [2, 3, 20, 70, 69].”
BackgroundHow to make a midbrain dopaminergic neuron
Arenas, E., Denham, M., & Villaescusa, C. (2015) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.097394 · Cited by 321
Serotonin in Parkinson's disease
Politis, M., & Niccolini, F. (2014) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2014.07.037 · Cited by 307
The Brainstem Pathologies of Parkinson's Disease and Dementia with Lewy Bodies
Seidel, K., Mahlke, J., Siswanto, S., Krüger, R., Heinsen, H., Auburger, G. W. J., Bouzrou, M., Grinberg, L. T., Wicht, H., Korf, H., et al. (2014) · Brain Pathology · doi:10.1111/bpa.12168 · Cited by 301
“From there, the pathology takes an ascending course, reaches select nuclei in the pontomedullary junction (ie, great raphe nucleus and gigantocellular reticular nucleus) and pons (locus coeruleus), then affects the midbrain with the dopaminergic substantia nigra, the basal forebrain, amygdala, thalamus and hypothalamu…”
BackgroundInfluentialEmerging therapies in Parkinson disease — repurposed drugs and new approaches
Elkouzi, A., Vedam‐Mai, V., Eisinger, R. S., & Okun, M. S. (2019) · Nature Reviews Neurology · doi:10.1038/s41582-019-0155-7 · Cited by 316
Novel pharmacological targets for the treatment of Parkinson's disease
Schapira, A. H. V., Bézard, E., Brotchie, J. M., Calon, F., Collingridge, G. L., Ferger, B., Hengerer, B., Hirsch, É. C., Jenner, P. G., Novère, N. G. L., et al. (2006) · Nature Reviews Drug Discovery · doi:10.1038/nrd2087 · Cited by 303
Self-citationSzewczyk‐Królikowski, K., Tomlinson, P. R., Nithi, K. A., Wade‐Martins, R., Talbot, K., Ben‐Shlomo, Y., & Hu, M. T. M. (2013) · Parkinsonism & Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.parkreldis.2013.09.025 · Cited by 293
α-Synuclein pathology in Parkinson’s disease and related α-synucleinopathies
Henderson, M. X., Trojanowski, J. Q., & Lee, V. M. ‐. (2019) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2019.134316 · Cited by 301
Treatment Options for Motor and Non-Motor Symptoms of Parkinson’s Disease
Church, F. (2021) · Biomolecules · doi:10.3390/biom11040612 · Cited by 325
Nonmotor symptoms as presenting complaints in Parkinson’s disease: a clinicopathological study
O'Sullivan, S. S., Williams, D. R., Gallagher, D. A., Massey, L. A., Silveira‐Moriyama, L., & Lees, A. J. (2008) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.21813 · Cited by 290
Gut Microbiota and Metabolome Alterations Associated with Parkinson’s Disease
Vascellari, S., Palmas, V., Melis, M., Pisanu, S., Cusano, R., Uva, P., Perra, D., Madau, V., Sarchioto, M., Oppo, V., et al. (2020) · mSystems · doi:10.1128/msystems.00561-20 · Cited by 300
Pathological correlates of gastrointestinal dysfunction in Parkinson's disease
Cersosimo, M. G., & Benarroch, E. E. (2011) · Neurobiology of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2011.10.014 · Cited by 294
“…disease and potential mechanisms Gastrointestinal symptoms in PD include excessive drooling, dysphagia, early satiety and nausea, bloating; constipation and defecatory dysfunction (Chaudhuri et al., 2006; Edwards et al., 1994; Evatt et al., 2009; Jost, 2010; Pfeiffer, 2011; Verbaan et al., 2007).”
BackgroundREM sleep behavior disorder predicts cognitive impairment in Parkinson disease without dementia
Vendette, M., Gagnon, J., Décary, A., Massicotte-Marquez, J., Postuma, R. B., Doyon, J., Panisset, M., & Montplaisir, J. Y. (2007) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000278114.14096.74 · Cited by 284
Patient-reported autonomic symptoms in Parkinson disease
Verbaan, D., Marinus, J., Jeukens‐Visser, M., van Rooden, S. M., Stiggelbout, A. M., & van Hilten, J. J. (2007) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000266593.50534.e8 · Cited by 283
“43 Introduction Autonomic symptoms (AS) occur in virtually all patients with Parkinson disease (PD) at some stage of their disease and contribute to the disease burden.(1,2) The autonomic domain is broad including symptoms and signs that relate to cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, urinary, thermoregulatory, pupillomot…”
BackgroundGender-related differences in the burden of non-motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease
Martínez‐Martín, P., Falup‐Pecurariu, C., Odin, P., van Hilten, J. J., Antonini, A., Rojo-Abuín, J. M., Borges, V., Trenkwalder, C., Aarsland, D., Brooks, D. J., et al. (2012) · Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1007/s00415-011-6392-3 · Cited by 299
Deep learning based diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease using convolutional neural network
Sivaranjini, S., & Sujatha, C. M. (2019) · Multimedia Tools and Applications · doi:10.1007/s11042-019-7469-8 · Cited by 282
Epidemiology of psychosis in Parkinson's disease
Fénelon, G., & Alves, G. (2010) · Journal of the Neurological Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.jns.2009.08.014 · Cited by 330
“Besides the cardinal motor symptoms, Parkinson's disease (PD) may be associated with a large spectrum of non-motor symptoms, including cognitive impairment and neuropsychiatric disturbances [1].”
Mishra, A., Singh, S., & Shukla, S. (2018) · Journal of Experimental Neuroscience · doi:10.1177/1179069518779829 · Cited by 276
Fontana, B. D., Mezzomo, N. J., Kalueff, A. V., & Rosemberg, D. B. (2017) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2017.10.004 · Cited by 289
“Moreover, non-motor symptoms (e.g., hyposmia, disturbed rapid eye movement sleep, depression/anxiety, and apathy) precede the onset of motor deficits in PD (Chaudhuri, 2009; Chaudhuri et al., 2006).”
BackgroundHonig, H., Antonini, A., Martínez‐Martín, P., Forgács, I., Chung‐Faye, G., Fox, T., Fox, K., Mancini, F., Canesi, M., Odin, P., et al. (2009) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.22596 · Cited by 272
“The NMS of PD have gained considerable recognition in the last years and the impact of key NMS such as cognitive problems, sleep dysfunction, autonomic features on QoL are highlighted by many studies following the validation and publication of several prevalence papers.(13,14,17) The original validation study of NMSS(…”
MethodKing's Parkinson's disease pain scale, the first scale for pain in PD: An international validation
Chaudhuri, К. R., Rizos, A., Trenkwalder, C., Rascol, O., Pal, S., Martino, D., Carroll, C., Paviour, D. C., Falup‐Pecurariu, C., Kessel, B., et al. (2015) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.26270 · Cited by 281
“Pain is a frequent yet poorly understood non-motor symptom (NMS) of Parkinson’s disease (PD), a key determinant of quality of life 1,2 and recognized by James Parkinson himself.”
BackgroundThe Impact of the CX3CL1/CX3CR1 Axis in Neurological Disorders
Pawelec, P., Ziemka‐Nałęcz, M., Sypecka, J., & Zalewska, T. (2020) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells9102277 · Cited by 284
Depression in neurodegenerative diseases: Common mechanisms and current treatment options
Galts, C., Bettio, L. E. B., Jewett, D. C., Yang, C. C., Brocardo, P. S., Rodrigues, A. L. S., Thacker, J. S., & Gil‐Mohapel, J. (2019) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.04.002 · Cited by 278
Martínez‐Martín, P., Rodríguez‐Blázquez, C., Abe, K., Bhattacharyya, K., Bloem, B. R., Carod-Artal, F. J., Prakash, R., Esselink, R. A. J., Falup‐Pecurariu, C., Gallardo, M., et al. (2009) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0b013e3181c0d416 · Cited by 263
Postuma, R. B., Gagnon, J., Vendette, M., & Montplaisir, J. Y. (2009) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awp244 · Cited by 261
Diagnosis and the premotor phase of Parkinson disease
TOLOSA, E. S., Gaig, C., Santamaría, J., & Compta, Y. (2009) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0b013e318198db11 · Cited by 257
Riedel, O., Klotsche, J., Spottke, A., Deuschl, G., Förstl, H., Henn, F., Heuser, I., Oertel, W., Reichmann, H., Riederer, P., et al. (2010) · Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1007/s00415-010-5465-z · Cited by 256
“The increased risk of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) for non-motor complications such as dementia, depression, psychotic syndromes, and other neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) has been shown in a number of cross-sectional and longitudinal studies [8, 28].”
BackgroundNorepinephrine: The redheaded stepchild of Parkinson's disease
Rommelfanger, K. S., & Weinshenker, D. (2007) · Biochemical Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2007.01.036 · Cited by 261
Martínez‐Martín, P., Rodríguez‐Blázquez, C., Álvarez, M., Arakaki, T., Bergareche‐Yarza, A., Chade, A. R., Garretto, N., Gershanik, O. S., Kurtis, M. M., Martínez‐Castrillo, J. C., et al. (2012) · Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1007/s00415-012-6624-1 · Cited by 264
Premotor, nonmotor and motor symptoms of Parkinson's Disease: A new clinical state of the art
Silva, A. B. R. L., de Oliveira, R. W. G., Diógenes, G. P., Aguiar, M. F. D. C., Sallem, C. C., Lima, M. P. P., Filho, L. B. D. A., de Medeiros, S. D. P., de Mendonça, L. L. P., Filho, P. C. D. S., et al. (2022) · Ageing Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.arr.2022.101834 · Cited by 252
Neurobiology and treatment of Parkinson's disease
Schapira, A. H. V. (2008) · Trends in Pharmacological Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tips.2008.10.005 · Cited by 263
Self-citationCoelho, M. M., & Ferreira, J. J. (2012) · Nature Reviews Neurology · doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2012.126 · Cited by 250
Neuroimaging in Parkinson disease: from research setting to clinical practice
Politis, M. (2014) · Nature Reviews Neurology · doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2014.205 · Cited by 264
Schwingenschuh, P., Ruge, D., Edwards, M. J., Terranova, C., Katschnig, P., Carrillo, F., Silveira‐Moriyama, L., Schneider, S. A., Kägi, G., Palomar, F. J., et al. (2010) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.23019 · Cited by 248
“The clinical picture of advanced PD is often dominated by NMS, which contribute to disability, impaired quality of life, and shortened life expectancy (Chaudhuri et al., 2006).”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialMartínez‐Martín, P., Reddy, P., Katzenschlager, R., Antonini, A., Todorova, A., Odin, P., Henriksen, T., Martin, A., Calandrella, D., Rizos, A., et al. (2014) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.26067 · Cited by 252
Benskey, M. J., Perez, R. G., & Manfredsson, F. P. (2016) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/jnc.13570 · Cited by 257
Disrupted brain network topology in Parkinson’s disease: a longitudinal magnetoencephalography study
Dubbelink, K. T. E. O., Hillebrand, A., Stoffers, D., Deijen, J. B., Twisk, J. W. R., Stam, C. J., & Berendse, H. W. (2013) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awt316 · Cited by 250
“Parkinson’s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by prominent motor features as well as a variety of nonmotor disturbances including cognitive impairment (Chaudhuri et al., 2006).”
BackgroundMethodEhrt, U., Broich, K., Larsen, J. P., Ballard, C., & Aarsland, D. (2010) · Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.2009.186239 · Cited by 254
Staging of serotonergic dysfunction in Parkinson's Disease: An in vivo 11C-DASB PET study
Politis, M., Wu, K., Loane, C., Kiferle, L., Molloy, S., Brooks, D. J., & Piccini, P. P. (2010) · Neurobiology of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2010.05.028 · Cited by 242
“The serotonergic system is thought to modulate mood, emotion, sleep, and appetite, so changes in its function may contribute to the non-motor features commonly associated with PD (Chaudhuri et al., 2006; Langston, 2006).”
BackgroundParkinson's Disease Therapeutics: New Developments and Challenges Since the Introduction of Levodopa
Smith, Y., Wichmann, T., Factor, S. A., & DeLong, M. R. (2011) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2011.212 · Cited by 266
Cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease
Verbaan, D., Marinus, J., Jeukens‐Visser, M., van Rooden, S. M., Stiggelbout, A. M., Middelkoop, H. A. M., & van Hilten, J. J. (2007) · Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.2006.112367 · Cited by 240
“Introduction Parkinson’s disease (PD) is predominantly characterised as a movement disorder, but over the past years there has been an increasing awareness that the clinical spectrum of PD is much broader, also encompassing many non-motor domains, including cognition.(1) Cognitive decline is a predictor of dementia in…”
BackgroundThe identification of Parkinson's disease subtypes using cluster analysis: A systematic review
van Rooden, S. M., Heiser, W. J., Kok, J. N., Verbaan, D., van Hilten, J. J., & Marinus, J. (2010) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.23116 · Cited by 238
“Parkinson’s disease (PD) is clinically characterized by a broad spectrum of motor and nonmotor manifestations.(1) There is, however, considerable variability”
BackgroundThe clinical heterogeneity of Parkinson's disease and its therapeutic implications
Greenland, J. C., Williams‐Gray, C. H., & Barker, R. A. (2018) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/ejn.14094 · Cited by 239
Classification of Parkinson's Disease Gait Using Spatial-Temporal Gait Features
Wahid, F., Begg, R. K., Hass, C. J., Halgamuge, S. K., & Ackland, D. C. (2015) · IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics · doi:10.1109/jbhi.2015.2450232 · Cited by 239
“2450232 as the disease progresses, contributing to loss of independence, falls, and poor quality of life [4], [5].”
BackgroundNonmotor manifestations of Parkinson's disease
Simuni, T., & Sethi, K. D. (2009) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.21472 · Cited by 242
“Depression has been repeatedly found to be a major contributing factor to reduced health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in patients with PD.10 In a communitybased study, depression was the major factor impacting HRQOL, as evaluated with the Short Form-36 (SF36), which includes eight domains associated with HRQOL.11 S…”
BackgroundInfluentialParkinson’s: a syndrome rather than a disease?
Titova, N., Padmakumar, C., Lewis, S. J. G., & Chaudhuri, К. R. (2016) · Journal of Neural Transmission · doi:10.1007/s00702-016-1667-6 · Cited by 234
“This deficiency in clinical practice is not surprising when one considers that it was not until the early 2000’s that the first validated tools to comprehensively evaluate the complex medley of NMS in PD were developed (Chaudhuri et al. 2006).”
BackgroundThe Cambridge Behavioural Inventory revised
Wear, H. J., Wedderburn, C. J., Mioshi, E., Williams-Gray, C. H., Mason, S. L., Barker, R. A., & Hodges, J. R. (2008) · Dementia & Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1590/s1980-57642009dn20200005 · Cited by 225
“In PD, the overall rate of symptom endorsement by caregivers is low, although the high rate of sleep dysfunction deserves further exploration.(6) Seriously disruptive and challenging behaviour had a surprisingly low prevalence in HD except for stereotypic patterns of behaviour and poor motivation, which may reflect se…”
BackgroundParkinson's disease--Part 1: Pathophysiology, symptoms, burden, diagnosis, and assessment.
Weintraub, D. A., Comella, C. L., & Horn, S. S. (2008) · PubMed · Cited by 230
Boersma, I. M., Miyasaki, J. M., Kutner, J. S., & Kluger, B. M. (2014) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0000000000000674 · Cited by 232
Development of allosteric modulators of GPCRs for treatment of CNS disorders
Nickols, H. H., & Conn, P. J. (2013) · Neurobiology of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2013.09.013 · Cited by 232
Clinical subtypes of Parkinson's disease
van Rooden, S. M., Colas, F., Martínez‐Martín, P., Jeukens‐Visser, M., Verbaan, D., Marinus, J., Chaudhuri, К. R., Kok, J. N., & van Hilten, J. J. (2010) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.23346 · Cited by 228
“many nonmotor domains like cognition and autonomic function.(1) Patients with PD exhibit conspicuous differences in the disease profile and progression rate.”
BackgroundChen, J., & Cunha, R. A. (2020) · Purinergic Signalling · doi:10.1007/s11302-020-09694-2 · Cited by 230
The therapeutic potential of interleukin-10 in neuroimmune diseases
Kwilasz, A. J., Grace, P. M., Šerbedžija, P., Maier, S. F., & Watkins, L. R. (2014) · Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2014.10.020 · Cited by 249
“Non-motor symptoms of PD include cognitive/memory impairment, depression, sleep disturbances, hallucinations, and autonomic motor dysfunction (Chaudhuri et al., 2006).”
BackgroundStructure, function and toxicity of alpha‐synuclein: the Bermuda triangle in synucleinopathies
Villar‐Piqué, A., da Fonseca, T. L., & Outeiro, T. F. (2015) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/jnc.13249 · Cited by 243
Advances in the pharmacological treatment of Parkinson's disease: targeting neurotransmitter systems
Brichta, L., Greengard, P., & Flajolet, M. (2013) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/j.tins.2013.06.003 · Cited by 234
Neurotransmission in Parkinson’s disease: beyond dopamine
Barone, P. (2009) · European Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1111/j.1468-1331.2009.02900.x · Cited by 222
“These include, but are not limited to, RBD, which affects up to 33% of patients with PD [118], and excessive daytime sleepiness, which has a prevalence of approximately 50% in PD [119].”
BackgroundInfluentialGender differences in Parkinson’s disease: A clinical perspective
Georgiev, D., Hamberg, K., Hariz, M., Forsgren, L., & Hariz, G.-M. (2017) · Acta Neurologica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/ane.12796 · Cited by 220
Progress in unraveling the genetic etiology of Parkinson disease in a genomic era
Verstraeten, A., Theuns, J., & Van Broeckhoven, C. (2015) · Trends in Genetics · doi:10.1016/j.tig.2015.01.004 · Cited by 226
Prevalence of pain in Parkinson's disease: A systematic review using the modified QUADAS tool
Broen, M. P. G., Braaksma, M. M., Patijn, J., & Weber, W. E. J. (2012) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.24054 · Cited by 220
Pinton, S., Sampaio, T. B., Savall, A. S. P., & Gutierrez, M. Z. (2017) · Neural Regeneration Research · doi:10.4103/1673-5374.205084 · Cited by 220
“These nonmotor symptoms comprise olfactory deficits, constipation, sleep behavior disorders, cognitive impairment and mood disturbances, such as anxiety and depression (Chaudhuri et al., 2006; Mack et al., 2016).”
BackgroundMAO-inhibitors in Parkinson's Disease
Riederer, P. F., & Laux, G. (2011) · Experimental Neurobiology · doi:10.5607/en.2011.20.1.1 · Cited by 227
“minor depression or dysthymia (Chaudhuri et al., 2006).”
BackgroundTemel, Y., Boothman, L. J., Blokland, A., Magill, P. J., Steinbusch, H. W. M., Visser-Vandewalle, V. E. R. M., & Sharp, T. (2007) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0704144104 · Cited by 214
Metadata
- Authors
- Chaudhuri, K. R., Healy, D. G., & Schapira, A. H.
- Affiliations
- Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (GB)
- The Royal Free Hospital (GB)
- ORCID
- Schapira, Anthony HV
- Venue
- The Lancet Neurology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2006-03
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 235-245
- ISSN
- 1474-4422 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1982535961
- Cited by
- 2,807
- References
- 140
- Citations by year
- 2026: 184 · 2025: 170 · 2024: 143 · 2023: 159 · 2022: 168 · 2021: 165 · 2020: 197 · 2019: 168 · 2018: 161 · 2017: 174 · 2016: 152 · 2015: 156 · 2014: 130 · 2013: 130 · 2012: 129
- FWCI
- 9.23
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Lancet Neurology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Deep Brain Stimulation and Movement Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Keywords
- Parkinson's disease, non-motor symptoms, depression, constipation, pain, genitourinary dysfunction, sleep disorders, substantia nigra pars compacta, neurodegeneration, quality of life, disability
- MeSH terms
- Autonomic Nervous System Diseases, Humans, Pain, Parkinson Disease, Psychotic Disorders, Sleep Wake Disorders, Disease Progression, Pain Management
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
