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Epidemiology of Parkinson's disease
Abstract
The causes of Parkinson's disease (PD), the second most common neurodegenerative disorder, are still largely unknown. Current thinking is that major gene mutations cause only a small proportion of all cases and that in most cases, non-genetic factors play a part, probably in interaction with susceptibility genes. Numerous epidemiological studies have been done to identify such non-genetic risk factors, but most were small and methodologically limited. Larger, well-designed prospective cohort studies have only recently reached a stage at which they have enough incident patients and person-years of follow-up to investigate possible risk factors and their interactions. In this article, we review what is known about the prevalence, incidence, risk factors, and prognosis of PD from epidemiological studies.
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“The prevalence of PD in industrialised countries is generally estimated at 0.3% of the entire population and about 1% in people over 60 years of age (De Lau and Breteler 2006).”
From The clinical symptoms of Parkinson's disease. (2016) · cites this paper as De Lau and Breteler 2006
In the citing paper
“The prevalence of PD in industrialised countries is generally estimated at 0.3% of the entire population and about 1% in people over 60 years of age (De Lau and Breteler 2006).”
From The clinical symptoms of Parkinson's disease. (2016) · cites this paper as De Lau and Breteler 2006
In the citing paper
“Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and Parkinson's Disease (PD) are the most common neurodegenerative disorders (de Lau and Breteler, 2006).”
From The role of microglia in retinal neurodegeneration: Alzheimer’s disease, parkinson, and glaucoma. (2017) · cites this paper as de Lau and Breteler, 2006
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Orphan G protein-coupled receptors: The role in CNS disorders
Alavi, M. S., Shamsizadeh, A., Azhdari‐Zarmehri, H., & Roohbakhsh, A. (2017) · Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2017.12.056 · Cited by 104
Diffusion Tensor Imaging in Parkinson's Disease and Parkinsonian Syndrome: A Systematic Review
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Gout and the risk of parkinson's disease: A cohort study
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“In a theoretical framework, the fact that all humans experience bacterial and viral infections suggest that such inflammatory processes can contribute to the well known age-associated aggregate risk of PD in susceptible individuals (de Lau and Breteler, 2006).”
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“The majority of cases are sporadic, not linked to a known genetic mutation, and likely the result of complex interactions between genetic and environmental factors [29].”
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“Environmental or epidemiological studies have identified significant risk factors for PD, such as the exposure to pesticides, or protective entities, such as cigarette smoking and caffeine intake [70].”
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Rab11 modulates α-synuclein-mediated defects in synaptic transmission and behaviour
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“Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive, mainly idiopathic and age-related, neuronal disorder that affects as much as 1% of the population over 60 years (de Lau and Breteler, 2006).”
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“7 times compared to the general population [2].”
BackgroundSoluble TREM2 is elevated in Parkinson’s disease subgroups with increased CSF tau
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Genetics of iron regulation and the possible role of iron in Parkinson's disease
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Molecular pathology of the fibroblast growth factor family
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Crafting a View of Self-Tracking Data in the Clinical Visit
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Immunotherapy for Parkinson’s disease
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Hatano, T., Kubo, S., Sato, S., & Hattori, N. (2009) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2009.06403.x · Cited by 100
“The incidence of PD increases with age and is estimated to be around 1% over the age of 65 years (de Lau and Breteler 2006).”
BackgroundUltrasound targeted CNS gene delivery for Parkinson's disease treatment
Fan, C.-H., Lin, C.-Y., Liu, H.-L., & Yeh, C.-K. (2017) · Journal of Controlled Release · doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.07.004 · Cited by 97
Metadata
- Authors
- de Lau, L. M., & Breteler, M. M.
- Affiliations
- Erasmus MC (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Breteler, Monique MB
- ORCID
- Breteler, Monique MB
- Venue
- The Lancet Neurology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2006-06
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 525-535
- ISSN
- 1474-4422 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2134886133
- Cited by
- 4,110
- References
- 119
- Citations by year
- 2026: 108 · 2025: 172 · 2024: 229 · 2023: 230 · 2022: 307 · 2021: 315 · 2020: 337 · 2019: 290 · 2018: 301 · 2017: 284 · 2016: 259 · 2015: 288 · 2014: 232 · 2013: 200 · 2012: 159
- FWCI
- 7.02
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Lancet Neurology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Nuclear Receptors and Signaling
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Keywords
- Parkinson's disease, prevalence, incidence, risk factors, prognosis, genetic susceptibility, gene-environment interaction, neurodegeneration, prospective cohort
- MeSH terms
- Age Factors, Humans, Parkinson Disease, Prognosis, Risk Factors
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