Neurodevelopmental disorders
Open accessAbstract
Neurodevelopmental disorders such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder, although most commonly considered in childhood, can be lifelong conditions. In this Personal View that is shaped by clinical experience and research, we adopt a conceptual approach. First, we discuss what disorders are neurodevelopmental and why such a grouping is useful. We conclude that both distinction and grouping are helpful and that it is important to take into account the strong overlap across neurodevelopmental disorders. Then we highlight some challenges in bridging research and clinical practice. We discuss the complexity of clinical phenotypes and the importance of the social context. We also argue the importance of viewing neurodevelopmental disorders as traits but highlight that this is not the only approach to use. Finally, we consider developmental change across the life-span. Overall, we argue strongly for a flexible approach in clinical practice that takes into consideration the high level of heterogeneity and overlap in neurodevelopmental disorders and for research to link more closely to what is observed in real-life practice.
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Neurodevelopmental conditions are heterogeneous in presentation, neurobiology and aetiology.
“They are heterogeneous in presentation, neurobiology and aetiology9,18, and research has generated various findings indicative of alterations in brain structure and function in the most common neurodevelopmental conditions19–22.”
From Sex and gender in neurodevelopmental conditions (2023) · cites this paper as [9]
Children and adults with ASD/ADHD are associated with coexisting mental and neurologic conditions (such as oppositional and conduct disorders, tic disorders, epilepsy, depression, anxiety, and substance use disorders).
“Findings from previous studies and reviews have suggested that children and adults with ASD/ADHD are associated with coexisting mental and neurologic conditions (such as oppositional and conduct disorders, tic disorders, epilepsy, depression, anxiety, and substance use disorders).3,4,5,57”
From Mortality in Persons With Autism Spectrum Disorder or Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (2022) · cites this paper as [3]
As children and young persons with ASD/ADHD age, they often experience emotional and social difficulties.
“As children and young persons with ASD/ADHD age, they often experience emotional and social difficulties.3,4,5”
From Mortality in Persons With Autism Spectrum Disorder or Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (2022) · cites this paper as [3]
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Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 6
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Thapar, A., Cooper, M., & Rutter, M.
- Affiliations
- Cardiff University (GB)
- King's College London (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Thapar, Anita
- Venue
- The Lancet Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2017-04
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 339-346
- ISSN
- 2215-0366 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4210589768
- Cited by
- 903
- References
- 57
- Citations by year
- 2026: 141 · 2025: 172 · 2024: 150 · 2023: 116 · 2022: 98 · 2021: 91 · 2020: 73 · 2019: 26 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 1
- FWCI
- 2.15
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- orca.cardiff.ac.uk
- Locations
- The Lancet Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- ORCA Online Research @Cardiff (Cardiff University) (acceptedVersion)
- Research Portal (King's College London) (acceptedVersion, other-oa)
- ORCA Online Research @Cardiff (Cardiff University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust
- Medical Research Council (MR/L010305/1, MR/M012964/1)
- Economic and Social Research Council
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Keywords
- neurodevelopmental disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder, classification of disorders, diagnostic overlap, clinical phenotype, social environment, lifespan development, heterogeneity, research-practice gap
- MeSH terms
- Affect, Child, Developmental Disabilities, Cognition, Humans, Neurodevelopmental Disorders
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