Adolescent friendships predict later resilient functioning across psychosocial domains in a healthy community cohort
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BACKGROUND: Adolescence is a key time period for the emergence of psychosocial and mental health difficulties. To promote adolescent adaptive ('resilient') psychosocial functioning (PSF), appropriate conceptualisation and quantification of such functioning and its predictors is a crucial first step. Here, we quantify resilient functioning as the degree to which an individual functions better or worse than expected given their self-reported childhood family experiences, and relate this to adolescent family and friendship support. METHOD: We used Principal Component and regression analyses to investigate the relationship between childhood family experiences and PSF (psychiatric symptomatology, personality traits and mental wellbeing) in healthy adolescents (the Neuroscience in Psychiatry Network; N = 2389; ages 14-24). Residuals from the relation between childhood family experiences and PSF reflect resilient functioning; the degree to which an individual is functioning better, or worse, than expected given their childhood family experiences. Next, we relate family and friendship support with resilient functioning both cross-sectionally and 1 year later. RESULTS: Friendship and family support were positive predictors of immediate resilient PSF, with friendship support being the strongest predictor. However, whereas friendship support was a significant positive predictor of later resilient functioning, family support had a negative relationship with later resilient PSF. CONCLUSIONS: We show that friendship support, but not family support, is an important positive predictor of both immediate and later resilient PSF in adolescence and early adulthood. Interventions that promote the skills needed to acquire and sustain adolescent friendships may be crucial in increasing adolescent resilient PSF.
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High quality peer relationships appear to protect against mental health problems and strengthen adolescent resilience.
“Conversely, high quality peer relationships appear to protect against mental health problems and strengthen adolescent resilience.29”
From The effects of social deprivation on adolescent development and mental health (2020) · cites this paper as [29]
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- Authors
- van Harmelen, A.-L., Kievit, R. A., Ioannidis, K., Neufeld, S., Jones, P. B., Bullmore, E., Dolan, R., The NSPN Consortium, Fonagy, P., & Goodyer, I.
- Affiliations
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging (GB)
- University of Cambridge (GB)
- University College London (GB)
- Venue
- Psychological Medicine
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2017-04-11
- Volume
- 47
- Issue
- 13
- Pages
- 2312-2322
- ISSN
- 0033-2917 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-8978
- PMC
- PMC5820532
- OpenAlex
- W2607480187
- Cited by
- 284
- References
- 63
- Citations by year
- 2026: 26 · 2025: 39 · 2024: 38 · 2023: 44 · 2022: 47 · 2021: 40 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 3
- FWCI
- 16.96
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- Psychological Medicine (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Leiden Repository (Leiden University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Max Planck Digital Library (submittedVersion)
- MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) (submittedVersion)
- OSF Preprints (OSF Preprints) (submittedVersion)
- OSF Preprints (OSF Preprints) (submittedVersion, public-domain)
- Apollo (University of Cambridge) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Apollo (cc-by)
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust (107392/A/15/Z, 095844/Z/11/Z, 098362/Z/12/Z, /Z/11/Z, 107392/Z/15/Z), 095844)
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (NF-SI-0514-10157)
- Royal Society (DH150176)
- University of Cambridge
- University College London (095844/Z/11/Z)
- Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (2013/38917/MaGW)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Resilience and Mental Health
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Psychosocial Factors Impacting Youth
- Keywords
- adolescent friendships, psychosocial functioning, family support, psychiatric symptoms, personality traits, psychological well-being, early adulthood, healthy adolescents
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Mental Disorders, Cross-Sectional Studies, Family, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Personal Satisfaction, Personality, Social Support, Parenting, Friends, Resilience, Psychological, Young Adult
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