Child abuse and neglect and the development of mental disorders in the general population
Abstract
Child abuse and neglect have repeatedly been shown to be risks for psychiatric and personality disorders. However, much of this evidence is based on retrospective reports of adults. In addition, little is known about the developmental course of psychopathology among those exposed to child maltreatment. In this study, we report mental disorders assessed from early childhood to adulthood in those later identified as victims of abuse or neglect by official or self-report. Findings show elevated rates of mental disorders and symptoms in each of four groups relative to the normative sample. Groups included those who had been victims of physical abuse or neglect according to official report and those who had been victims of physical or sexual abuse by self-report. As expected, the maltreated groups were quite different demographically from the community comparison sample, especially those with official reports. The group with retrospective self-reports of physical abuse differed only modestly from the comparison group on the symptom and disorder measures, while the sexually abused group showed the most consistently elevated patterns, even after controls for demographic differences were taken into account. The disorder and symptom patterns differed both by group and by age: neglect cases showed a partial remission in adulthood, while official physical abuse cases showed an increasingly consolidated pattern of antisocial and impulsive behavior.
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Child maltreatment raises the risk that youths will develop nearly all common internalizing and externalizing psychiatric disorders.
“Population-based studies indicate that child maltreatment is associated with elevated risk for the onset of virtually all commonly occurring forms of internalizing and externalizing psychopathology in youths, including anxiety, mood, substance use, and disruptive behavior disorders (Brown et al. 1999; Cohen et al. 2001; Green et al. 2010; McLaughlin et al. 2012).”
From Childhood maltreatment exposure and disruptions in emotion regulation: A transdiagnostic pathway to adolescent internalizing and externalizing psychopathology (2016) · cites this paper as Cohen et al. 2001
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- Authors
- COHEN, P., BROWN, J., & SMAILES, E.
- Affiliations
- New York State Psychiatric Institute (US)
- Columbia University (US)
- ORCID
- BROWN, JOCELYN
- Venue
- Development and Psychopathology
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2001-12
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 981-999
- ISSN
- 0954-5794 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-2198
- OpenAlex
- W1927791619
- Cited by
- 309
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 24 · 2012: 20
- FWCI
- 6.11
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Development and Psychopathology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH-36981)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
- Social Sciences › Safety Research › Child Welfare and Adoption
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Keywords
- child abuse, child neglect, mental illness, physical abuse, sexual abuse, antisocial behavior, impulsive behavior, retrospective self-report, psychiatric symptoms
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Mental Disorders, Child, Child Abuse, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, New York, Personality Assessment, Personality Development, Personality Disorders, Risk Factors, Cohort Studies, Comorbidity
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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