Child maltreatment and risk for psychopathology in childhood and adulthood
Abstract
Although rates of child maltreatment are declining, more than 600,000 children in the United States are substantiated victims of abuse or neglect. The focus of this review is on the relationship between maltreatment and mental health problems in childhood and adulthood. Children and adults who are exposed to abuse or neglect in childhood are at risk for a range of poor mental health outcomes, including internalizing and externalizing psychopathology, posttraumatic stress disorder, psychotic symptoms, and personality disorders. I review three potential mechanisms by which maltreatment may increase risk for various forms of psychopathology, (a) hypervigilance to threat, (b) deficits in emotion recognition and understanding, and (c) low responsivity to reward. I also review genetic and psychosocial factors that moderate the relationship between maltreatment and risk for psychopathology. Finally, I discuss methodological limitations of the literature on maltreatment, with an emphasis on the challenges associated with establishing a causal role for maltreatment (and moderators or mediators of maltreatment) in the development of mental health problems and the reliance of many studies on retrospective self-reports.
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Emotion regulation is associated with childhood adversity.
“Emotion regulation, which has been associated with both childhood adversity, and psychopathology.”
From Emotion regulation as mediator between childhood adversity and psychopathology: A meta-analysis (2022) · cites this paper as Jaffee, 2017
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“The issue of power also applies to discordant twin analyses, as the level of discordance within twin pairs, particularly for childhood victimization, is low (Jaffee, 2017).”
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- Authors
- Jaffee, S. R.
- Affiliations
- University of Pennsylvania (US)
- Corresponding author
- Jaffee, Sara R.
- ORCID
- Jaffee, Sara R.
- Venue
- Annual Review of Clinical Psychology
- Publisher
- Annual Reviews
- Published
- 2017-05-08
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 525-551
- ISSN
- 1548-5943 (ISSN-L)
- 1548-5951
- OpenAlex
- W2605325373
- Cited by
- 487
- References
- 183
- Citations by year
- 2026: 43 · 2025: 73 · 2024: 59 · 2023: 68 · 2022: 71 · 2021: 57 · 2020: 65 · 2019: 26 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 7
- FWCI
- 4.86
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Annual Review of Clinical Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
- Social Sciences › Safety Research › Child Welfare and Adoption
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Keywords
- child abuse, child neglect, psychopathology, internalizing disorders, externalizing disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder, psychotic symptoms, personality disorders, emotion recognition deficits, reward sensitivity, genetic moderators, causal inference, retrospective self-report, childhood adversity
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Affective Symptoms, Anxiety, Mental Disorders, Child, Child Abuse, Humans, Reward, Adult Survivors of Child Abuse, Gene-Environment Interaction
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