Construct validity of cognitive reserve in a multiethnic cohort: The Northern Manhattan Study
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Cognitive reserve is a hypothetical construct that has been used to inform models of cognitive aging and is presumed to be indicative of life experiences that may mitigate the effects of brain pathology. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the construct validity of cognitive reserve by examining both its convergent and its discriminant validity across three different samples of participants using structural equation modeling. The cognitive reserve variables were found to correlate highly with one another (thereby providing evidence of convergent validity), but demanding tests of discriminant validity indicated that, in two of the samples, the cognitive reserve construct was highly related to an executive functioning construct.
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This may protect against the effects of disease pathology and compensate for damage and recruit alternative neural pathways when required.
“This might then protect the individual against the effects of disease pathology in the first instance, and also compensate for damage and recruit alternative neural pathways when required.”
From Social isolation, cognitive reserve, and cognition in healthy older people (2018) · cites this paper as [11]
Reserve can be built up through a combination of experiences across the lifespan, such as physical exercise, education, occupation, and participation in social and cognitively stimulating activities.
“Observational and some experimental evidence suggests that reserve can be built up through a combination of experiences across the lifespan, such as physical exercise, education, occupation, and participation in social and cognitively stimulating activities.”
From Social isolation, cognitive reserve, and cognition in healthy older people (2018) · cites this paper as [11]
These experiences may create a buffer against cognitive decline by enhancing brain processes such as neural connectivity and hence cognitive ability.
“These experiences may create a buffer against cognitive decline by enhancing brain processes such as neural connectivity and hence cognitive ability.”
From Social isolation, cognitive reserve, and cognition in healthy older people (2018) · cites this paper as [11]
This may reduce or delay the extent of impairment experienced and protect against the expression of pathological processes.
“This may reduce or delay the extent of impairment experienced and protect against the expression of pathological processes [11].”
From Social isolation, cognitive reserve, and cognition in healthy older people (2018) · cites this paper as [11]
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- Authors
- SIEDLECKI, K. L., STERN, Y., REUBEN, A., SACCO, R. L., ELKIND, M. S. V., & WRIGHT, C. B.
- Affiliations
- Columbia University (US)
- University of Miami (US)
- Corresponding author
- STERN, YAAKOV
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2009-07
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 558-569
- ISSN
- 1355-6177 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-7661
- PMC
- PMC2803322
- OpenAlex
- W2116306444
- Cited by
- 147
- References
- 43
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 4.11
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Fordham Research Commons (Fordham University) (submittedVersion)
- Columbia Academic Commons (Columbia University)
- Funders
- Brain Research Foundation
- McKnight Foundation
- Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Research Foundation
- National Institute of Mental Health (T32MH020004)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01NS029993, R01-NS 29993, K02NS059729)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Historical and Modern Theater Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Keywords
- cognitive reserve, construct validity, convergent validity, discriminant validity, cognitive aging, executive function, multi-ethnic cohort, Northern Manhattan Study, neuropathology
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Aging, Cognition, Ethnicity, Female, Humans, Male, Memory, Middle Aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Problem Solving, Reproducibility of Results, Cohort Studies, Geriatric Assessment
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