Bleaching and Hydroprocessing of Algal Biomass-Derived Lipids to Produce Renewable Diesel Fuel
Open accessAbstract
Algal lipids represent a promising feedstock for production of renewable diesel, but there is little information available regarding the integration of pretreatment, extraction, and catalytic upgrading steps. In this work, we examined oil bleaching by two methods and the effects of bleaching on oil deoxygenation over Pd/C and hydroisomerization over Pt/SAPO-11 catalysts. The raw oil was completely deoxygenated and 90% denitrogenated after dilution to 25 wt % in hexanes. The bleaching operations (using either a polar adsorbent or concentrated H 3 PO 4 ) removed 85–90% of the nitrogen and led to 95–99% nitrogen removal after deoxygenation. Oil processability was also improved by bleaching. The bulk chemistry of the deoxygenation and isomerization was not strongly affected by bleaching, as post-isomerization products with cloud points less than −10 °C and boiling ranges within or close to specification for No. 2 diesel fuel were obtained through 10 h time on stream with or without bleaching.
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In the comparison, adsorption on silica gel removed 85% of the oil nitrogen content and still showed a detectable chlorophyll signal in UV-vis analysis, while acid bleaching removed 92% of the oil nitrogen and did not show a detectable chlorophyll UV-vis signal.
“In the comparison, adsorption on silica gel removed 85% of the oil nitrogen content and still showed a detectable chlorophyll signal in UV-vis analysis, while acid bleaching removed 92% of the oil nitrogen and did not show a detectable chlorophyll UV-vis signal.”
From Catalytic Hydroprocessing of Single-Cell Oils to Hydrocarbon Fuels: Converting microbial lipids to fuels is a promising approach to replace fossil fuels (2021) · cites this paper as [72]
The severe conditions required for deoxygenation led to significant cracking and lower yields to diesel range products.
“The severe conditions required for deoxygenation led to significant cracking and lower yields to diesel range products”
From Catalytic Hydroprocessing of Single-Cell Oils to Hydrocarbon Fuels: Converting microbial lipids to fuels is a promising approach to replace fossil fuels (2021) · cites this paper as [72]
Relatively severe temperature and pressure (450°C and 1300 psig) and dilution of the algae oil in a hexane solvent were required for complete conversion and stable performance of the Pd/C deoxygenation catalyst.
“relatively severe temperature and pressure (450°C and 1300 psig) and dilution of the algae oil in a hexane solvent were required for complete conversion and stable performance of the Pd/C deoxygenation catalyst”
From Catalytic Hydroprocessing of Single-Cell Oils to Hydrocarbon Fuels: Converting microbial lipids to fuels is a promising approach to replace fossil fuels (2021) · cites this paper as [72]
Hydroisomerisation produced renewable diesel blendstocks with cloud points below -10°C.
“hydroisomerisation produced renewable diesel blendstocks with cloud points below -10°C (72)”
From Catalytic Hydroprocessing of Single-Cell Oils to Hydrocarbon Fuels: Converting microbial lipids to fuels is a promising approach to replace fossil fuels (2021) · cites this paper as [72]
Bleaching the oils with either silica gel or with phosphoric acid did not improve the hydroisomerisation performance, at least through 10 h TOS.
“bleaching the oils with either silica gel or with phosphoric acid did not improve the hydroisomerisation performance, at least through 10 h TOS (72)”
From Catalytic Hydroprocessing of Single-Cell Oils to Hydrocarbon Fuels: Converting microbial lipids to fuels is a promising approach to replace fossil fuels (2021) · cites this paper as [72]
The deoxygenation step resulted in significant denitrogenation.
“The deoxygenation step also resulted in significant denitrogenation as well”
From Catalytic Hydroprocessing of Single-Cell Oils to Hydrocarbon Fuels: Converting microbial lipids to fuels is a promising approach to replace fossil fuels (2021) · cites this paper as [72]
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- Authors
- Kruger, J. S., Christensen, E. D., Dong, T., Van Wychen, S., Fioroni, G. M., Pienkos, P. T., & McCormick, R. L.
- Affiliations
- National Laboratory of the Rockies (US)
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
- Corresponding author
- Kruger, Jacob S.
- Venue
- Energy & Fuels
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2017-09-20
- Volume
- 31
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 10946-10953
- ISSN
- 0887-0624 (ISSN-L)
- 1520-5029
- OpenAlex
- W2746894848
- Cited by
- 30
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 2.34
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.osti.gov
- Locations
- Energy & Fuels (publishedVersion)
- OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory (DE-AC36-08-GO28308)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanical Engineering › Catalysis and Hydrodesulfurization Studies
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Biodiesel Production and Applications
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Analytical Chemistry › Petroleum Processing and Analysis
- Keywords
- algal lipids, renewable diesel, oil bleaching, hydroprocessing, deoxygenation, hydroisomerization, palladium on carbon, nitrogen removal, cloud point, diesel fuel
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