The Awkward Moments Test: A Naturalistic Measure of Social Understanding in Autism
Abstract
Details are given of a new advanced theory of mind task, developed to approximate the demands of real-life mentalizing in able individuals with autism. Excerpts of films showing characters in social situations were presented, with participants required to answer questions on characters' mental states and on control, nonsocial questions. When compared with control participants, adults with high-functioning autism and Asperger syndrome were most impaired in their ability to answer the questions requiring mind-reading ability. Although the present findings have implications for task modification, such naturalistic, dynamic stimuli are held to offer an important means of studying subtle difficulties in mentalistic understanding.
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The Awkward Moments Test and MASC showed promise in discriminating adults with ASD from control participants.
“Although both instruments showed promise in discriminating adults with ASD from control participants, the sample sizes were so small (<20 per group) that it was obviously not possible to conduct a detailed psychometric evaluation of the instruments or to assess the reliability of the its correlations with other relevant measures.”
From Measuring Theory of Mind in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder (2017) · cites this paper as Heavey et al. 2000
The sample sizes in studies of the Awkward Moments Test and MASC were so small (<20 per group) that detailed psychometric evaluation or reliability assessment was not possible.
“Although both instruments showed promise in discriminating adults with ASD from control participants, the sample sizes were so small (<20 per group) that it was obviously not possible to conduct a detailed psychometric evaluation of the instruments or to assess the reliability of the its correlations with other relevant measures.”
From Measuring Theory of Mind in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder (2017) · cites this paper as Heavey et al. 2000
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- Authors
- Heavey, L., Phillips, W., Baron-Cohen, S., & Rutter, M.
- Affiliations
- Medical Research Council (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Heavey, Lisa
- ORCID
- Rutter, Michael
- Venue
- Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
- Published
- 2000-06
- Volume
- 30
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 225-236
- ISSN
- 0162-3257 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-3432
- OpenAlex
- W1587461800
- Cited by
- 207
- References
- 42
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 2.25
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Child and Animal Learning Development
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Social Robot Interaction and HRI
- Keywords
- theory of mind, autism spectrum disorder, Asperger syndrome, high-functioning autism, mentalization, social understanding, naturalistic stimuli
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Autistic Disorder, Cognition Disorders, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Perceptual Disorders, Psychological Tests, Reaction Time, Social Perception, Visual Perception, Wechsler Scales, Asperger Syndrome
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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