Disorganized/disoriented attachment relationships in maltreated infants

Carlson, Vicki; Cicchetti, Dante; Barnett, Douglas; Braunwald, Karen

doi:10.1037/0012-1649.25.4.525

Cited by 677Child Abuse and TraumaAttachment and Relationship DynamicsPsychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research

Disorganized/disoriented attachment relationships in maltreated infants

Carlson, Vicki, Cicchetti, Dante, Barnett, Douglas, Braunwald, Karen·1989·Developmental Psychology

DOI 10.1037/0012-1649.25.4.525

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Abstract

Etude analysant les relations d'attachement d'un echantillon de 22 enfants maltraites âges de 12 mois compares a 21 enfants temoins, a partir d'un nouveau systeme de classification

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The high rate of infant attachment disorganization in this sample indicates a high level of disturbance compared with middle-income, low-income, and maltreated samples.
“The high rate of infant attachment disorganization in this sample (67%) points to a high level of disturbance, compared to a rate of 15% among infants in middle-income samples (2), 25 % of infants in low-income families (2), and up to 85–90% of maltreated infants (97–100).”
From Disorganized attachment in infancy predicts greater amygdala volume in adulthood (2016) · cites this paper as [97]
Children who have been maltreated by their parents have especially high rates of disorganized attachment.
“Most notably, children who have been maltreated by their parents show particularly high rates of disorganized attachment (Barnett, Ganiban, & Cicchetti, 1999; Carlson, Cicchetti, Barnett, & Braunwald, 1989; Cicchetti & Barnett, 1991; Cyr, Euser, Bakermans-Kranenburg, & van IJzendoorn, 2010; Lyons-Ruth et al., 1987; van IJzendoorn et al., 1999).”
From Enhancing Attachment Organization Among Maltreated Children: Results of a Randomized Clinical Trial (2012) · cites this paper as Carlson, Cicchetti, Barnett, & Braunwald, 1989
Very high rates of infant attachment disorganization have been reported in maltreated infants (77-90%).
“very high rates have been reported in maltreated infants (77-90%)”
From INTERGENERATIONAL TRANSMISSION OF ATTACHMENT IN ABUSED AND NEGLECTED MOTHERS: THE ROLE OF TRAUMA-SPECIFIC REFLECTIVE FUNCTIONING: Attachment, Reflective Function, and Trauma (2015) · cites this paper as Carlson, Cicchetti, Barnett & Braunwald, 1989
Disorganized attachments have been linked to maternal behaviors such as disruptive affective communication, overt familial risks such as maltreatment, or other broad environmental factors such as the death of a caregiver.
“Rather, disorganized attachments have been linked to maternal behaviors such as disruptive affective communication (Lyons-Ruth, Bronfman, & Parsons, 1999), overt familial risks such as maltreatment (Carlson, Cicchetti, Barnett, & Braunwald, 1989), or other broad environmental factors such as the death of a caregiver (van IJzendoorn,1995).”
From Infant and parent factors associated with early maternal sensitivity: A caregiver-attachment systems approach (2007) · cites this paper as Carlson, Cicchetti, Barnett, & Braunwald, 1989

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Authors: Carlson, V., Cicchetti, D., Barnett, D., & Braunwald, K.
Affiliations: Washington University in St. Louis (US)
University of Rochester (US)
ORCID: Cicchetti, Dante
Venue: Developmental Psychology
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Published: 1989-07
Volume: 25
Issue: 4
Pages: 525-531
ISSN: 0012-1649 (ISSN-L)
1939-0599
DOI: 10.1037/0012-1649.25.4.525
OpenAlex: W1966136342
Cited by: 677
References: 38
Citations by year: 2026: 4 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 25 · 2014: 27 · 2013: 25 · 2012: 26
FWCI: 15.90
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Developmental Psychology (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Attachment and Relationship Dynamics
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research
Keywords: disorganized attachment, infant maltreatment, attachment relationships

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Disorganized/disoriented attachment relationships in maltreated infants

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