Multicultural minds: A dynamic constructivist approach to culture and cognition.
Abstract
The authors present a new approach to culture and cognition, which focuses on the dynamics through which specific pieces of cultural knowledge (implicit theories) become operative in guiding the construction of meaning from a stimulus. Whether a construct comes to the fore in a perceiver's mind depends on the extent to which the construct is highly accessible (because of recent exposure). In a series of cognitive priming experiments, the authors simulated the experience of bicultural individuals (people who have internalized two cultures) of switching between different cultural frames in response to culturally laden symbols. The authors discuss how this dynamic, constructivist approach illuminates (a) when cultural constructs are potent drivers of behavior and (b) how bicultural individuals may control the cognitive effects of culture.
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Biculturals move between their two cultural orientations by engaging in cultural frame switching.
“Further evidence for the idea that individuals can simultaneously hold two or more cultural orientations is provided by recent sociocognitive experimental work showing that biculturals move between their two cultural orientations by engaging in cultural frame switching (Hong, Morris, Chiu, & Benet-Martı´nez, 2000), or shifting between different culturally based interpretative lenses in response to”
From Bicultural Identity Integration (BII): Components and Psychosocial Antecedents (2005) · cites this paper as Hong, Morris, Chiu, & Benet-Martı´nez, 2000
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“The present analysis is also consistent with a variety of cultural priming effects (e.g. Hong et al., 2000; Kuhnen et al., 2001; Miyamoto et al., 2006; see Oyserman and Lee, 2008, for a review).”
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- Authors
- Hong, Y.-Y., Morris, M. W., Chiu, C.-Y., & Benet-Martínez, V.
- Affiliations
- Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HK)
- Venue
- American Psychologist
- Published
- 2000
- Volume
- 55
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 709-720
- ISSN
- 0003-066X (ISSN-L)
- 1935-990X
- OpenAlex
- W4250148132
- Cited by
- 2,203
- References
- 4
- Citations by year
- 2026: 78 · 2025: 64 · 2024: 76 · 2023: 81 · 2022: 88 · 2021: 95 · 2020: 182 · 2019: 93 · 2018: 119 · 2017: 100 · 2016: 111 · 2015: 117 · 2014: 128 · 2013: 115 · 2012: 106
- FWCI
- 46.78
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Psychologist (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Cultural Differences and Values
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social and Intergroup Psychology
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Racial and Ethnic Identity Research
- Keywords
- multiculturalism, culture and cognition, constructivism, cultural diversity, cognitive development, cross-cultural psychology
- MeSH terms
- Acculturation, Adult, Asian, Cognition, Cross-Cultural Comparison, Female, Hong Kong, Humans, Internal-External Control, Male, Pattern Recognition, Visual, Symbolism, Cultural Diversity
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