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Perceiver-induced constraint: Interpretations of self-generated reality.

Gilbert, Daniel T., Jones, Edward E.·1986·Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

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Abstract

It is often assumed that persons accept the validity of the social realities they construct simply because they do not realize that they have constructed them. Two experiments were conducted to determine whether perceivers tend to infer correspondent attitudes when an actor expresses opinions that t

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Belanche, D., Flavián, C., & Pérez-Rueda, A. (2017) · Telematics and Informatics · doi:10.1016/j.tele.2017.04.006 · Cited by 86
Empathy neglect: Reconciling the spotlight effect and the correspondence bias.
Nicholas Epley, A., Savitsky, K., & Gilovich, T. D. (2002) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.83.2.300 · Cited by 79
“After all, more than a generation of attribution research testifies to observers’ readiness to draw strong dispositional inferences on the basis of even the weakest behavioral evidence ( Gilbert & Jones, 1986; Gilbert & Malone, 1995; Jones & Harris, 1967; Ross, 1977; Ross, Amabile, & Steinmetz, 1977), a tendency so co…”
Background
Multiple audience problem: A strategic communication perspective on social perception.
Fleming, J. H., Darley, J. M., Hilton, J. L., & Harris‐Kojetin, B. A. (1990) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.58.4.593 · Cited by 77
The psychology of social chess and the evolution of attribution mechanisms: explaining the fundamental attribution error
Andrews, P. W. (2001) · Evolution and Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/s1090-5138(00)00059-3 · Cited by 76
“Variation in the degree to which the essay writer's lack of choice is made salient also has little influence on observer attributions (Gilbert & Jones, 1986; Snyder & Jones, 1974, Experiments 1 and 5).”
Background
Cognitive processes during deliberate self-presentation: How self-presenters alter and misinterpret the behavior of their interaction partners
Baumeister, R. F., Hutton, D. G., & Tice, D. M. (1989) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/0022-1031(89)90039-5 · Cited by 77
Sex Bias at Work: The Effects of Attentional and Memory Demands on Performance Ratings of Men and Women1
Martell, R. F. (1991) · Journal of Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1559-1816.1991.tb00515.x · Cited by 76
Women Get Worse Sex: A Confound in the Explanation of Gender Differences in Sexuality
Conley, T. D., & Klein, V. (2022) · Perspectives on Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/17456916211041598 · Cited by 84
“At least some of the acceptance of the research on gender differences, we argue, must rely on a correspondence bias (Gilbert & Jones, 1986) from researchers.”
Method
Depression and the Correspondent Inference Bias: Evidence for more Effortful Cognitive Processing
Yost, J. H., & Weary, G. (1996) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167296222008 · Cited by 75
The duality of everyday life: Dual-process and dual system models in social psychology.
Strack, F., & Deutsch, R. (2014) · American Psychological Association eBooks · doi:10.1037/14341-028 · Cited by 81
(Mis)Understanding Our Influence Over Others
Bohns, V. K. (2016) · Current Directions in Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/0963721415628011 · Cited by 69
“…person is likely to do or explain why some mysterious individual did what they did, a task that is different both cognitively and motivationally from predicting one’s own influence over another person (Dunning & Helzer, 2014; although see Gilbert & Jones, 1986, for a noteworthy exception).”
Background
Power and Status
Lovaglia, M. J. (1995) · Small Group Research · doi:10.1177/1046496495263005 · Cited by 65
Myopic Biases in Strategic Social Prediction: Why Deadlines Put Everyone Under More Pressure Than Everyone Else
Moore, D. A. (2005) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167204271569 · Cited by 64
“In fact, people are just as likely to infer dispositional qualities from the constrained behavior of targets when they themselves are the origins of that constraint (Gilbert & Jones, 1986).”
Background
Levels of Inference in Dispositional Judgment
Trope, Y. (1989) · Social Cognition · doi:10.1521/soco.1989.7.3.296 · Cited by 71
Inferring character from texts: Attribution theory and foregrounding theory
Culpeper, J. (1996) · Poetics · doi:10.1016/0304-422x(95)00005-5 · Cited by 62
The perceptual and inferential effects of situational inducements on dispositional attribution.
Yaacov Trope, B., Cohen, O., & Maoz, Y. (1988) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.55.2.165 · Cited by 61

Authors: Gilbert, D. T., & Jones, E. E.
Affiliations: The University of Texas at Austin (US)
ORCID: Gilbert, Daniel T.
Venue: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Published: 1986-02
Volume: 50
Issue: 2
Pages: 269-280
ISSN: 0022-3514 (ISSN-L)
1939-1315
DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.50.2.269
OpenAlex: W2042257098
Semantic Scholar: 46f18c7c66db45d6d8885023ccdc49e0adc86344
Cited by: 335
References: 34
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 1 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 34 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 54 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 8
FWCI: 39.64
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social and Intergroup Psychology
Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social Power and Status Dynamics
Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Social Representations and Identity
Keywords: construal level, social construction of reality, self-perception

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Perceiver-induced constraint: Interpretations of self-generated reality.

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