The DOI matches its Crossref record; 91 of the 91 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Emotional distress regulation takes precedence over impulse control: If you feel bad, do it!
Abstract
Why do people's impulse controls break down during emotional distress? Some theories propose that distress impairs one's motivation or one's ability to exert self-control, and some postulate self-destructive intentions arising from the moods. Contrary to those theories, Three experiments found that believing that one's bad mood was frozen (unchangeable) eliminated the tendency to eat fattening snacks (Experiment 1), seek immediate gratification (Experiment 2), and engage in frivolous procrastination (Experiment 3). The implication is that when people are upset, they indulge immediate impulses to make themselves feel better, which amounts to giving short-term affect regulation priority over other self-regulatory goals.
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“When working with aversive tasks (→Task aversiveness), this tendency increases, as the student will be motivated to escape the aversive situation as well as divert to something attractive (Tice et al., 2001).”
From How Study Environments Foster Academic Procrastination: Overview and Recommendations (2020) · cites this paper as Tice et al., 2001
In the citing paper
“the core problem of procrastination, poor self-regulation (Tice et al., 2001; Steel, 2007; Hagger et al., 2010)”
From How Study Environments Foster Academic Procrastination: Overview and Recommendations (2020) · cites this paper as Tice et al., 2001
In the citing paper
“often factors that undermine effective self-regulation are of primary importance in procrastination (e.g., Tice et al., 2001).”
From How Study Environments Foster Academic Procrastination: Overview and Recommendations (2020) · cites this paper as Tice et al., 2001
In the citing paper
“low energy and tiredness may render the individual more vulnerable to task-irrelevant temptations and distractions and increase task aversiveness, which in turn increases the probability of procrastination (Tice et al., 2001; Baumeister and Tierney, 2011).”
From How Study Environments Foster Academic Procrastination: Overview and Recommendations (2020) · cites this paper as Tice et al., 2001
In the citing paper
“low mindfulness may be another factor contributing to the avoidance commonly associated with procrastination.”
From Lost in the Moment? An Investigation of Procrastination, Mindfulness, and Well-being (2012) · cites this paper as Tice et al., 2001
In the citing paper
“Similar to other forms of avoidance, procrastination is a strategy that brings immediate but temporary relief from difficult or distressing thoughts associated with a task (Tice et al., 2001)”
From Lost in the Moment? An Investigation of Procrastination, Mindfulness, and Well-being (2012) · cites this paper as Tice et al., 2001
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“In addition, people have more trouble resisting their impulses when their cognitive resources are focused on another task (Shiv and Fedorikhin, 1999), if they experience an anxious or unpleasant emotional state (Baumeister and Heatherton, 1996; Klohnen, 1996; Tice et al., 2001), or if they are highly aroused (Fedorikh…”
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BackgroundMethodInfluentialMindfulness intervention for academic procrastination: A randomized control trial
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“The following paragraph, adapted after Tice, Bratslavsky, and Baumeister (2001), was presented towards the end of the food questionnaire along with one additional question: You should know that even though people believe eating makes them feel better, scientific evidence points to the contrary.”
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“As such, from the perspective of the individual engaging in the behavior, the choice to indulge is both strategic and rational (Tice et al., 2001).”
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A special emphasis and look at the emotional side of ethical decision-making
Vitell, S. J., King, R. A., & Singh, J. J. (2013) · AMS Review · doi:10.1007/s13162-013-0042-0 · Cited by 44
“Tice et al. 2001 Emotions This is the affective state that the decision maker is experiencing at the time of the decision, and may vary greatly in intensity (from mild to intense) and duration (from short-lived to more enduring).”
BackgroundInfluentialDietary changes and its psychosocial moderators during the university examination period
Michels, N., Man, T., Vinck, B., & Verbeyst, L. (2019) · European Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1007/s00394-019-01906-9 · Cited by 50
Self-Regulation and Performance in High-Fidelity Simulations: An Extension of Ego-Depletion Research
Zyphur, M. J., Warren, C. R., Landis, R. S., & Thoresen, C. J. (2007) · Human Performance · doi:10.1080/08959280701332034 · Cited by 44
“As noted previously, both task persistence and dietary restraint have been utilized in the ego-depletion literature as indictors of self-regulation deficits (e.g., Baumeister et al., 1998; Baumeister et al., 2000; Muraven et al., 1999; Muraven et al., 1998; Tice et al., 2001).”
BackgroundFortenberry, K., Butler, J. M., Butner, J., Berg, C., Upchurch, R., & Wiebe, D. (2009) · Annals of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s12160-009-9086-7 · Cited by 43
“The presence of negative emotions may lead adolescents to focus on the short-term goal of feeling better emotionally, rather than on long-term illness management [54].”
BackgroundThe Role of Emotions and Cognitions in Entrepreneurial Decision-Making
Michl, T., Welpe, I. M., Spörrle, M., & Picot, A. O. (2009) · International studies in entrepreneurship · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-0443-0_8 · Cited by 45
“Cognitive science research has proven a strong and complex link between emotions and cognitions (Baron 2008, Tice et al. 2000 ) and the expanding entrepreneurship literature (e.g., Koellinger et al. 2007, Lee et al. 2005, Shepherd 2004, Sternberg et al. 2007) provides also clear evidence that emotions have a systemati…”
BackgroundMental capital : the economic significance of mental health
Weehuizen, R. (2008) · Research Publications (Maastricht University) · doi:10.26481/dis.20080627rw · Cited by 42
Empathy and Morality: Integrating Social and Neuroscience Approaches
Jean Decety, A., & Batson, C. D. (2009) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-6287-2_5 · Cited by 42
“Personal distress may result in egoistic motivation to reduce it, by withdrawing from the stressor, for example, thereby decreasing the likelihood of prosocial behavior ( Tice, Bratslavsky, & Baumeister, 2001 ).”
BackgroundChapman, H. A., Woltering, S., Lamm, C., & Lewis, M. D. (2010) · Biological Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2010.03.001 · Cited by 43
“, 2007), motivation (Tice et al., 2001) and behavior (Frijda, 1988).”
Social Isolation, Brain Food Cue Processing, Eating Behaviors, and Mental Health Symptoms
Zhang, X., Ravichandran, S., Gee, G. C., Dong, T. S., Beltrán‐Sánchez, H., Wang, M. C., Kilpatrick, L. A., Labus, J. S., Vaughan, A., & Gupta, A. (2024) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.4855 · Cited by 46
The effect of social and ambient factors on impulse purchasing behavior in social commerce
Ju, J., & Ahn, J. (2016) · Journal of Organizational Computing and Electronic Commerce · doi:10.1080/10919392.2016.1228353 · Cited by 50
“Further, high arousal can lower consumers’ ability to think (Tice, Bratslavsky, and Baumeister 2001) and maintain their selfcontrol.”
BackgroundNewman, K. P., & Trump, R. K. (2017) · Psychology and Marketing · doi:10.1002/mar.21008 · Cited by 49
Connecting personality traits to social networking site addiction: the mediating role of motives
Chen, A., & Roberts, N. (2019) · Information Technology and People · doi:10.1108/itp-01-2019-0025 · Cited by 48
Emotions and antisocial behavior
Baumeister, R. F., & Lobbestael, J. (2011) · Journal of Forensic Psychiatry and Psychology · doi:10.1080/14789949.2011.617535 · Cited by 50
“Experimental studies by Tice, Bratslavsky, and Baumeister (2001) showed that the impairment of self-regulation under emotional distress arose from anticipation of improvements in emotional states, rather than being directly caused by currently felt states.”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf-citationShame-Proneness as a Risk Factor of Compulsive Buying
Yi, S. (2012) · Journal of Consumer Policy · doi:10.1007/s10603-012-9194-9 · Cited by 41
The Role of Affect in Intended Rule Breaking
Kamerdze, A. S., Loughran, T., Paternoster, R., & Sohoni, T. (2014) · Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency · doi:10.1177/0022427813519651 · Cited by 42
“The argument is that sometimes very negative moods lead to impulsive behaviors in a form of emotional regulation as distraught persons indulge their impulses in an attempt to change their mood (Cryder et al. 2008; Giordano et al. 2002; Tice et al. 2001).”
BackgroundRelationship between pathological gambling, alexithymia, and gambling type
Bonnaire, C., Barrault, S., Aïte, A., Cassotti, M., Moutier, S., & Varescon, I. (2017) · American Journal on Addictions · doi:10.1111/ajad.12506 · Cited by 41
Deficits in general emotion regulation skills–Evidence of a transdiagnostic factor
Lukas, C. A., Ebert, D. D., Fuentes, H. T., Caspar, F., & Berking, M. (2017) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.22565 · Cited by 48
Argiropoulou, M. I., & Vlachopanou, P. (2020) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-020-00739-8 · Cited by 45
Taking the Long View: Environmental Sustainability and Delay of Gratification
Arbuthnott, K. D. (2009) · Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy · doi:10.1111/j.1530-2415.2009.01196.x · Cited by 41
Emotion Regulation Promotes Persistence in a Residential Substance Abuse Treatment
Hopwood, C. J., Schade, N., Matusiewicz, A. K., Daughters, S. B., & Lejuez, C. W. (2014) · Substance Use & Misuse · doi:10.3109/10826084.2014.977393 · Cited by 45
Metadata
- Authors
- Tice, D. M., Bratslavsky, E., & Baumeister, R. F.
- Affiliations
- Case Western Reserve University (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
- Published
- 2001-01
- Volume
- 80
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 53-67
- ISSN
- 0022-3514 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1315
- OpenAlex
- W2112868206
- Cited by
- 1,361
- References
- 83
- Citations by year
- 2026: 42 · 2025: 44 · 2024: 81 · 2023: 59 · 2022: 70 · 2021: 71 · 2020: 126 · 2019: 71 · 2018: 60 · 2017: 68 · 2016: 70 · 2015: 66 · 2014: 74 · 2013: 58 · 2012: 67
- FWCI
- 23.51
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r01mh057039-05)
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH 57039)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Behavioral Health and Interventions
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › General Decision Sciences › Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics
- Keywords
- emotional distress, depressive mood, self-control, impulse control, affective self-regulation, instant gratification, procrastination, dietary habits, motivation
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Psychological, Adult, Affect, Analysis of Variance, Behavior Therapy, Feeding Behavior, Female, Humans, Impulsive Behavior, Male, Motivation, Stress, Psychological, Self Efficacy
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